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112年 專技高考第二次 國防法務官|歷屆考題全文(機器抽取)

112年第二次國防法務官考試國防法務官類科歷屆試題,含憲法與行政法、刑法與刑事訴訟法、國文(作文)與英文等 6 科。

共 6 份考卷|資料來源:依政府資料開放授權條款(OGDL)第 1 版利用,資料集:考選部歷屆試題(data.gov.tw dataset 170565),112 年。

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憲法與行政法

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官方不公布申論答案

代號:

10110

頁次:

3 - 1

112 年第二次國防法務官考試試題

目:憲法與行政法

考試時間:

3 小時

※注意:

 禁止使用電子計算器。

參考法條:陸海空軍懲罰法

第 1 條

為維護軍紀,鞏固戰力,兼顧人權保障,導正陸海空軍現役軍人之違 失行為,特制定本法。

第 8 條第 1 項

辦理懲罰案件,應視違失行為情節之輕重,並審酌下列事項:

座號:

九、行為所生之危險或損害。 十、行為後之態度。

第 12 條

軍官懲罰之種類如下:

第 15 條第 14 款

現役軍人有下列違失行為之一者,應受懲罰:

十四、其他違失行為違反已送立法院備查或國防部頒定之法令。

國軍軍風紀維護實施規定

一、目的

國軍軍紀督察工作,援依國防部組織法、國防部處務規程、行政程序 法、陸海空軍懲罰法暨施行細則及公職人員財產申報法等,遂行軍 (風)紀維護、案件調查、命令貫徹、官兵申訴處理、監辦與協辦財產 申報等作業,以嚴肅軍隊紀律、樹立廉能風尚、保障官兵合法權益, 促進國軍團結和諧,以蔚成崇法務實之現代化優質國軍。

三十一、風紀違失

(十一) 高階軍、士官向低階人員或資深士兵向資淺士兵借貸,衍生後遺,

致生糾紛或其他有損軍譽情事或意圖謀利不當推介(介紹)者。

二、請依據憲法法庭判決之見解並附理由,回答下列問題:

參考法條:陸海空軍軍官士官服役條例

第 24 條第 1 項第 1 款

軍官、士官在現役期間有下列情形之一者,除其他法律有特別規定外, 不發退除給與:

一、犯……貪污治罪條例之罪,判處有期徒刑之刑確定而未宣告緩刑, 或因案判處死刑、無期徒刑確定。但……。

參考法條:國軍軍眷業務處理作業要點

第 2 點

為安定國軍眷屬生活,使官兵無後顧之憂,以振奮士氣,提高戰力, 特訂定本作業要點。

第 19 點第 3 款

有下列情形之一,經給予一個月改善期限,未予改善者,撤銷其眷舍 居住權收回眷舍。又限期改善後,再有相同違規情節,經查證屬實者, 得不給予改善期限,由列管單位依權責及程序予以撤銷眷舍居住權, 收回眷舍:

刑法與刑事訴訟法

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官方不公布申論答案

代號:

10120

頁次:

2 - 1

112 年第二次國防法務官考試試題

目:刑法與刑事訴訟法

考試時間:

3 小時

※注意:

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題,作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上,於本試題上作答者,不予計分。  本科目除專門名詞外,應使用本國文字作答。

一、甲與已婚的同事 A 發展婚外情數個月後,甲要求 A 與其配偶 B 離婚, 但遭到 A 的拒絕。隨後,甲在 A 、 B 住的公寓對面租了一間套房,透過 望遠鏡監視該公寓的窗戶,以掌握 A 、 B 的一舉一動。某日,當甲觀察 到 A 、 B 外出後,甲立即找來鎖匠乙,並謊稱自己忘了帶鑰匙出門,央 請乙幫忙打開該公寓的門鎖,乙明知甲非住戶,但為了賺取開鎖費用仍 幫忙開鎖,讓甲得以順利進入屋內。甲在屋內留下一封信給 A ,期望 A 在閱讀後能改變主意。當 A 、 B 返家並發現甲留下的信後, A 在驚恐又 愧疚之餘,向 B 坦承一切,但 B 卻給了 A 一個充滿溫暖的擁抱。甲透 過望遠鏡將此情景全看在眼裡後,認為自己徹底輸了,便走到附近的酒 館喝酒解悶。甲在酒館內巧遇好友丙,並向丙訴苦。丙主動向甲提出只 要殺掉 B ,就可以徹底解決此事的建議。甲認為這是個好主意,便立刻 應丙之要求開了一張 100 萬元的現金支票給丙,作為計畫資金,並向丙 詳細說明了 A 、 B 的公寓位置及 B 的樣貌。丙表示當天晚上會決定如何 進行計畫,並將在隔天晚上動手。隔天上午,甲因反悔而打電話給丙, 要求丙給甲一個與 A 談判的最後機會,萬一談不攏,甲會再告知丙,屆 時丙再動手殺 B 也不遲,丙允諾。然而事實上,丙自始就沒有打算殺 B 。 兩天後,甲與 A 的談判失敗,甲告知丙此事,丙回覆其無意殺 B ,甲「提 醒」丙當初既已收了錢就應履行諾言,丙此時才因自覺理虧而決定動手。 豈料,當丙正在製作殺 B 的毒藥時,即被警方逮捕。試問:甲、乙、丙 之刑事責任為何?( 50 分)

座號:

國文(作文)與英文

下載:題目 答案

112 年第二次國防法務官考試試題

目:國文(作文)與英文

考試時間:

2 小時

※注意:禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、作文部分:(

50 分)

座號:

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上由左至右橫式作答,於本試題上作答者,不予計分。  不得於試卷上書寫姓名或座號。

曾子曾經說: 「士不可以不弘毅,任重而道遠」 ,讀書人要時時警 惕自己,只要一息尚存,肩上的責任就無法卸下。為了完成使命,必 須具備堅忍不拔的毅力,朝既定的理想前進。而當我們面臨抉擇的時 候,心中的那把尺,也就非常重要了。

面對利益的誘惑,我們可以不為五斗米折腰,就輕而易舉地取得 功名利祿;我們也可以無視威脅利誘,一切以良心為主。要做到堅持 理想,為所應為,離不開「自重」與「自律」 。自重者,人恆愛之; 自律者,人恆敬之。凡事約束自己的行為,看重自己的人格,自能遠 離禍端。

印度詩人泰戈爾( Rabindranath Tagore , 1861-1941 )曾說: 「果的 事業是尊貴的,花的事業是甜美的;但是,讓我做葉的事業吧!葉是 謙遜地,專心地垂著綠蔭的。」花、果、樹葉的抉擇,無所謂優劣。 每個人各有心中的事業,既選擇了一生的事業,就不必後悔。要專心 一意的從事它,直到看到開花結果。

俗話說: 「最甜美的果實,長在最高的枝上。」一旦選擇了一項 事業,就必須謙遜的學習,對自己、對社會、對國家做出一番貢獻。 如果你堅持自己的理想,努力不懈,抵達巔峰,內心一定是安然自適 的;如果你遭遇困難,選擇超越,也一定會通過磨練,越挫越勇,抵 達成功的。你是否肯謙遜待人,謙卑學習,決定你是否能有成就。

真正的聰明人,是能準確衡量自己的能力,在能摘到的果實處, 選擇那個高度。了解自己,進而改變自己,在不足處戰勝自己的怯懦、 懷疑,不受外物影響而心猿意馬,也就不會患得患失。畢竟, 「低垂 的果實」容易摘,但最甜美的果實,卻長在最高的樹上。只陶醉於眼 前的「小成就」 ,就難以邀來更大的成就。

你的選擇是什麼?一旦選擇了,會不會輕易的放棄?遇到環境的 考驗和利益的誘惑,你又要如何的面對?倘若夢想達成了,你要如何 自重,怎樣自律?你能否在 「葉」 的事業時,謙遜的垂著綠蔭;在 「花」 的事業時,品嘗它的甜美;在「果」的事業時,享受它的尊貴?請以 「自重與自律」為題,擘劃你事業的藍圖,論述你一己的看法,作文 一篇。

乙、測驗部分:( 50

分)

代號: 3101

morality

resemble

8

In a hypothetical scenario, if we were to discover a new energy source, it could _______ the way we

power our cities and drastically reduce our carbon footprint.

characterize

alternative

heritage

comebacks

請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題:

Air pollution is a persistent and escalating global problem that poses significant threats to public health, the environment, and the climate. It 16 the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere, primarily through human activities, including industrial processes, transportation, agriculture, and energy production. One of the most immediate and concerning consequences of air pollution is its detrimental impact on human health. Exposure to polluted air can lead to respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer, 17 cardiovascular problems. Vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, and those with preexisting health conditions, are particularly at risk. Air pollution also takes a heavy toll on the natural world. It leads to the formation of acid rain, which damages forests, aquatic ecosystems, and even buildings. 18 , pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can harm plant life and disrupt ecosystems. Another critical dimension of air pollution is its role in climate change. Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and the associated impacts of rising temperatures, more frequent extreme weather events, and sea-level rise. Addressing air pollution requires a multifaceted approach. This includes stricter regulations on emissions, transitioning to cleaner energy sources, promoting sustainable transportation, and investing in technologies that reduce pollution. Additionally, public awareness and advocacy 19 driving change and creating a future 20 cleaner air and a healthier environment for all.

請依下文回答第

21

題至第

25

題:

Aworkers' strike is a powerful and often last-resort collective action taken by employees to demand better working conditions, fair wages, and improved benefits from their employers. It is a manifestation of the fundamental right of workers to organize and advocate for their rights. Strikes typically occur when negotiations between labor unions or worker representatives and employers reach an impasse. Workers,

21 that their concerns are not adequately addressed, may decide to withhold their labor as 22 exerting pressure. This form of protest can be disruptive to businesses and industries, but it serves as an important mechanism for addressing grievances and achieving necessary changes in the workplace. Although strikes can be challenging for both workers and employers, they often lead to positive outcomes. They can force employers to reconsider their positions and come back to the negotiating table with a more conciliatory approach. 23 , strikes have brought about significant improvements in working conditions, salary increases, and enhanced job security. However, strikes are not without their risks. Workers may lose income during a strike, and employers may face disruptions to their operations and image damage. Therefore, they are typically considered a last resort after other 24 for resolution, such as mediation or arbitration, 25 .

請依下文回答第 26 題至第 30 題:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents a transformative force in the modern world, reshaping industries, strengthening our daily lives, and raising profound questions about the future. AI 26 the development of computer systems that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, and decision-making. One of the most visible applications of AI is in automation, 27 machines can carry out repetitive tasks more efficiently and accurately than humans. This has promoted advancements in manufacturing, logistics, and customer service, streamlining operations and reducing costs. AI's impact on healthcare is substantial. Machine learning algorithms can analyze vast amounts of medical data to assist in disease 28 , drug discovery, and personalized treatment plans. In finance, AI is used for fraud detection, algorithmic trading, and risk assessment. AI's presence is also felt in our daily lives, with virtual assistants like Siri and Alexa 29 voice interactions a common occurrence. Recommender systems on streaming platforms and e-commerce websites use AI to tailor content and products to individual preferences. However, AI also raises ethical and societal concerns. Questions about job displacement, bias in algorithms, and data privacy are hotly debated. Ensuring that AI benefits all of society 30 mitigating potential risks is a complex challenge. The future of AI holds great promise, from autonomous vehicles to advanced healthcare solutions. It will continue to shape our world, necessitating careful consideration of its implications as we navigate the path forward.

Gender equality is a fundamental principle that advocates for equal rights, opportunities, and treatment for individuals of all genders. It is a cornerstone of human rights and a crucial component of social justice. Achieving gender equality is not just a matter of fairness; it has far-reaching benefits for society 31 . In societies where gender equality is promoted and upheld, there is greater economic prosperity. When women have the same access 32 education, employment opportunities, and leadership roles as men, it leads to increased productivity and innovation. Gender diversity in the workplace fosters creativity and a wider range of perspectives, which can drive business success and societal progress. Moreover, gender equality is important for the well-being and empowerment of individuals. It ensures that all people, 33 their gender identity, have the freedom to make choices about their lives, pursue their ambitions, and live free from discrimination and violence. Gender equality promotes physical and mental health, self-esteem and confidence. Despite significant progress, gender inequality 34 in many parts of the world. Discrimination, gender-based violence, and disparities in education and employment opportunities continue to affect countless individuals. Achieving gender equality needs concerted efforts from governments, institutions, communities, and individuals. It involves challenging stereotypes, addressing systemic biases, and creating policies and practices that promote inclusivity and fairness. 35 , gender equality is not just a goal; it is an important aspect of human rights and social progress. When societies prioritize and work towards gender equality, everyone benefits, leading to a more just, prosperous, and harmonious world.

請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題:

In the "swinging sixties", a little London street near Piccadilly Circus suddenly became the world's most famous street for youth fashions. Carnaby Street was where the stars of the sixties, from the Beatles to Jimi Hendrix, bought their amazing clothes. Until then, "fashion" styles came from Paris or Milan, not from old London! Since then much has changed, and today London is one of the most creative cities in the world. Though Chelsea and the King's Road, Carnaby Street and Camden are the most famous names, other parts of London have become centers of style too. For pop style, punk style, neo-punk, post-punk, grunge, disco, techno and more, there are streets for each. Today, London's famous "Fashion Week" has become the biggest fashion event in the world.

While many of the world's top fashion designers now work in London, some of London's top designers, such as John Galliano, are now in charge of major collections in Paris and New York. Vivienne Westwood, who looked at London's punk styles and redesigned them for the international "offthe-peg" market, was perhaps the most significant fashion designer of the past 50 years. Meanwhile Stella McCartney, the daughter of Paul McCartney, is the world's leading designer of eco-friendly fashion.... one of those who has understood that there are some serious downsides to the fashion industry too.

New generations of designers keep coming on too. London's "University of the Arts" is the largest university of the arts in Europe; its London College of Fashion and Central St. Martin's college are two of the world's most prestigious and dynamic colleges of fashion and design.

16  sets out  adheres to  holds on  results from
17  as well as  as long as  as soon as  as far as
18  Instead  Yet  Therefore  Furthermore
19  reside in  are acquired by  are crucial to  coincide with
20  by  with  on  in
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22  a means of  a proportion of  a variety of  a piece of
23  In no way  In some cases  In essence  In contrast
24  apertures  adventures  revenues  avenues
25  have been exhausted  are exhausting  have been exhausted  are exhausting  exhausted  has exhausted
26  diverges from  leaves behind  refers to  takes after
27  where  which  that  whether
28  intention  consumption  pressure  diagnosis
29  doing  making  to do  to make
30  while  though  that  what
31  as follows  as a whole  at best  at all
32  with  at  to  on
33  regardless of  instead of  in contrast to  with a view to
34  assists  consists  insists  persists
35  On average  In general  In conclusion  On the contrary

陸海空軍刑法與軍事審判法

下載:題目

官方不公布申論答案

代號:

10140

頁次:

1 - 1

112 年第二次國防法務官考試試題

目:陸海空軍刑法與軍事審判法

考試時間:

3 小時

※注意:

 禁止使用電子計算器。

本科目除專門名詞外,應使用本國文字作答。

座號:

民法與民事訴訟法(一)

下載:題目

官方不公布申論答案

代號:

10150

頁次:

1 - 1

112 年第二次國防法務官考試試題

目:民法與民事訴訟法(一)

考試時間:

2 小時

座號:

※注意:

 禁止使用電子計算器。

不必抄題,作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上,於本試題上作答者,不予計分。 本科目除專門名詞外,應使用本國文字作答。

民法與民事訴訟法(二)

下載:題目

官方不公布申論答案

代號:

10160

頁次:

1 - 1

112 年第二次國防法務官考試試題

目:民法與民事訴訟法(二)

考試時間:

※注意:

2 小時

 禁止使用電子計算器。

座號:

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