代號：

10110-11210

30110-30610

40110-40610

頁次： 3 － 1

111 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員、國際經濟商務人員、民航人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：各類科組

科

目：國文（作文、公文與測驗）

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、作文與公文部分：

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上由左至右橫式作答，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。  不得於試卷上書寫姓名或座號。

一、作文：（ 60 分）

英文有種說法： The devil is in the details. （魔鬼藏在細節裡），指沒 有注意到的細節，可能會帶來不利的後果。《韓非子》有言：「千丈 之堤，以螻蟻之穴潰；百尋之室，以突隙之煙焚。」千丈長堤，會因 小小的蟻穴而崩塌；百尺高屋，會因煙囪縫隙冒出的火煙而燒燬。 《淮 南子》也說道：「事之成敗，必由小生。」看似不起眼的細節，往往 是事情成敗的關鍵。請以「細節決定成敗」為題，撰寫作文一篇， 以自己的觀察或是經驗闡述其義。

二、公文：（ 20 分）

為強化臺灣經濟活力與自主性，擴大和全球及區域之連結，建立區域 經濟共同體意識，外交部將推動經貿外交列為重要工作項目。引介僑 外商來臺投資與採購、參加國際商展、協助中小企業向外拓銷新興市 場。試擬外交部行文某駐外館處，要求執行政府 「招商引資」 的政策， 並於 112 年年底呈繳年度成果報告。

乙、測驗部分：（ 20 分）

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  共 10 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 下列選項何者有語病？

•  他無時無刻不想念著遠方的家人

•  他是這次空難死難者中倖免的一個

•  這次出土文物特展展出三千年前的文物

•  我按照他畫的地圖順利地找到那家書店

• 2 下列選項「」中的成語，何者運用正確？

•  他是全校模範生，希望同學們能「群起效尤」

•  他才華洋溢，得到的創作獎項可謂「罄竹難書」

•  黑貓嬸家夜半仍「弦歌不輟」 ，引來鄰居嚴重抗議

•  他「阮囊羞澀」 ，仍不知節制四處告貸，導致信用破產

代號：

1101

座號：

• 3 「管制通常有很複雜的整體效應。例如蒙特婁議定書要求逐步淘汰會破壞臭氧層的化 學品，所以美國政府禁止了某些氣喘藥物，因為它們會釋放這類化學物質，問題是， 禁止了這些藥物可能會置氣喘患者於某種風險之下，因為替代藥品的價格提高了。」 下列敘述，最不符合文意的是：

•  早期有些氣喘藥物的成分，可能破壞臭氧層

•  禁用某項物品，可能同時帶來若干益處與害處

•  管制效應難以評估，各國政府應該避免採取管制措施

•  禁用某項物品，廠商尋找替代品的結果導致成本提高

• 4 「當創意『上市』後，你會發現創意的價值是『實踐』出來的，而非想出來的。創意 的力量是無形的，它的報酬也常是無形的，但在兩種狀況下，創意有機會成為市場 中有價值的東西：一，當創意以『智慧財』的形式出現時，它便能獨立贏得報酬。 什麼是智慧財的形式？是指變成演講、顧問會談、文章、書籍、唱片、影片、電腦 軟體等形式。二，當創意被完成為事實時，其獲利能力的一部分會被認出與創意有 關，但很少有制度能有效地計算這一類貢獻的應得酬勞。」

下列敘述，最符合上文觀點的是：

•  市場制度常使創意的價值被低估

•  能獲得市場肯定的想像才是創意

•  創意的永恆價值不應受市場左右

•  智慧財因形式多元而難計算報酬

• 5 「為什麼藍鯨愈來愈少？原來牠們必須游在人類的貪婪與政治角力的海域之外，可 是當科學愈進步，政治與利益合作，這種海域愈來愈少了。」

根據上文，藍鯨減少的主要原因是：

•  科學進步造成海洋污染

•  人類的戰火讓藍鯨遭受池魚之殃

•  經濟至上的考量凌駕藍鯨保育

•  領海的分割造成藍鯨生活面積縮小

• 6 「我們應當相信，每個人都是帶著使命來到人間的。無論他多麼的平凡渺小，多麼的 微不足道，總有一個角落會將他擱置，總有一個人需要他的存在。有些人在屬於自 己的狹小世界裡，守著簡單的安穩與幸福，不驚不擾地過一生。有些人在紛擾的世 俗中，以華麗的姿態盡情地演繹一場場悲喜人生。」

根據上文，下列敘述最符合文意的是：

•  戲如人生，人生如戲

•  盡其在我，委心隨緣

•  一分耕耘，一分收穫

•  有夢最美，築夢踏實

代號：

10110-11210

30110-30610

40110-40610

頁次： 3 － 3

• 7 「有一次我在某報頭版看到一則有關外星人的新聞，但這麼『重要』的新聞卻不見於 《紐約時報》 、 《英國衛報》等公信力高的媒體。檢視報導源頭， FBI 原始文件其實沒 有明顯的訴求或結論，只有情報員因他人『轉述』所寫的兩頁報告，沒有任何第一 手資料。前述報紙的訊息來自英國八卦小報《每日郵報》 ，原本的標題為『 FBI 祕密 檔案指出警察與軍方人員看見幽浮在猶他州上空爆炸』 ，但經該報轉載後，標題卻變 成『外星人訪地球 FBI 備忘錄證實為真』 。這樣的落差正顯現出媒體在『進口』科 學新聞時最容易發生的問題。」

上文中「最容易發生的問題」是指：

•  將虛構的假新聞當真新聞

•  不用高公信力媒體的訊息

•  標題為求聳動而偏離事實

•  割裂曲解國外第一手資料

• 8 「厄班的理論有一項非常關鍵的前提，就是有關強人工智慧和超人工智慧發展的討 論，是建立在人類科技總是以加速度形式躍進的基礎上，但這項前提真的在所有情 況下都成立嗎？我覺得，一種更有可能出現的情況是：特定的科技如人工智慧，在 一段時間的加速度發展後，會遭遇某些難以超越的技術瓶頸。」

根據上文，下列敘述錯誤的是：

•  未來的科技不一定以加速度形式躍進

•  厄班的理論是討論人工智慧的相關議題

•  作者不認同厄班在於其理論前提不一定成立

•  作者認為人工智慧的發展一定會遇到無法突破的瓶頸

• 9 「到牛津探訪，即使在行色匆匆中去來，你一招眼，便會被他的雄健的霸趣所振動； 你不可能逃過他逼人的具有震撼力的美的照射。但是劍橋就完全不同了。設若你不 能輕輕地悄悄地去尋覓，你可能過了她的門口還不懂劍橋的秀名來自何處？劍橋的 調子是輕柔的、徐緩的，她不稀罕你讚美，她大方高貴中還帶幾分羞澀。她不太高 興觀光客的騷擾，她只歡迎舊雨新知的來臨。」

下列敘述，何者最符合上文對牛津、劍橋兩所大學的看法？

•  牛津宜於匆匆走訪，劍橋須得細細品味

•  牛津展現陽剛魅力，劍橋流露陰柔情韻

•  牛津不吝傳播名聲，劍橋不愛表彰自我

•  牛津培養領袖氣質，劍橋陶鑄清流風骨

• 10 「印尼地底有數千年腐植質累積形成的巨大泥炭層，通常位於沼澤區域。但人們為了 開墾新田和伐木，將許多沼澤抽乾，泥炭層暴露在外。泥炭層是腐植質轉變成煤炭 時，煤化程度最初始的狀態。當地表起火延燒，同時替地表下的泥炭層加熱升溫， 雖然地面上的火苗被熄滅，但已經升溫不止的泥炭層仍隔著地表層持續放熱，使得 餘燼非常容易死灰復燃，火勢遂很難控制。」

根據上文，下列敘述何者最正確？

•  腐植質需要沼澤才能轉化為泥炭層

•  印尼近年森林大火的主因在於泥炭層面積過於巨大

•  減少泥炭層區域的開發應可避免森林大火頻繁發生

•  餘燼易因泥炭層放熱重新起火，當務之急是讓泥炭層降溫

代號：

11250

頁次：

1

－

1

111 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：外交實務英文寫作（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答 者，不予計分。

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 An ocean-going fishing vessel registered in Taiwan (R.O.C.) has a bloodbath at sea. The vessel is drifting at sea about 1,000 nautical miles from Mauritius. Please issue a press release on behalf of the Taiwan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs to explain how our government will employ all possible means to provide assistance for the crew of the ship. （ 25% ）

• 二、 After Taiwan (R.O.C.) and the Republic of Nicaragua cut off diplomatic ties in 2021, the Nicaraguan government confiscated the original premises of Taiwan's embassy in Nicaragua and handed it over to the P.R.C. Please compose a formal letter of protest on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Taiwan to strongly condemn this act. （ 25% ）

• 三、 Suppose Taiwan (R.O.C.) and country X have a sovereignty dispute over the Diaoyutai Islets and their adjacent waters, Taiwan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs has decided to submit an arbitration case to the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague, Netherlands. Please draft the pleadings for the case in which the basis for Taiwan's sovereignty over the Diaoyutai Islets is explained in detail. （ 25% ）

• 四、 Sri Lanka is currently suffering from government bankruptcy and ongoing political and economic turmoil, resulting in frequent local demonstrations and a serious lack of livelihood resources. Please issue a formal statement on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Taiwan (R.O.C.) to explain how our government would respond to this matter. （ 25% ）

座號：

代號：

11240

頁次：

3

－

1

111 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際傳播（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（

75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題 上作答者，不予計分。

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 What is 'mega-event marketing'? In the course of international publicity and public diplomacy, what aspects and key points must be considered in the promotion and participation of mega-events? (25%)

• 二、 What are the challenges or barriers faced by the news media over the coverage of international affairs? Please discuss how the challenge or barrier influences the performance of international news report with an example. (25%)

• 三、 Do you agree or disagree with the concept of cultural imperialism or hegemony, particularly in light of 'the World System' theoretical perspective? Please elaborate. (25%)

• 乙、測驗題部分：（

25 分）

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 The annual press freedom ranking by the Freedom House is based on three sub-aspects. Which of the following is NOT among them?

•  Social.

•  Legal.

•  Political.

•  Economic.

• 2 Which of the following international communication theories is the dominant paradigm before the World War II?

•  Development communication.

•  Globalization.

•  Cultural imperialism.

•  Propaganda.

• 3 Fake news is rampant all over the world. In addition to the establishment of non-governmental factchecking organizations, the UNESCO also calls for attention to media and information literacy. Which of the following statements about media and information literacy is NOT correct?

•  Media literacy focuses not only on reflection and critique of media content, but also on the skills of audience to create content.

•  With the development of communication technology, media literacy has become more diverse, including reading literacy, visual literacy, and digital literacy.

•  For generations of digital natives, media literacy is not just about using and criticizing the media, but also about the capacity of public participations.

•  A wide variety of user-generated content is the main source of fake news. Therefore, media literacy should advise people to completely reject user-generated content.

代號： 4112

• 4 Which of the following descriptions about Taiwan+ (Taiwan Plus) is NOT correct?

•  It is the first free English-language international streaming platform in Taiwan.

•  It is a project commissioned by the Ministry of Culture and executed by the Radio Taiwan International.

•  Its service was officially launched in August 2021.

•  The platform had screened the Taiwanese historical drama series SEQALU: Formosa 1867 .

• 5 Which of the following descriptions concerning the planet's rising temperature is correct?

•  The term 'climate change' is more scientific, while 'global warming' is more political.

•  In the United States, the Republican Party is slanted toward the conception of global warming.

•  The United Kingdom is the first major economy to legitimize the concrete goals of carbon reduction.

•  Under the 2015 Paris Agreement, nations collectively agree to keep warming 'well under 5 degrees' by the end of this century.

• 6 The idea of 'de-Westernization' has emerged in the study of international communication. Which of the following statements about de-Westernization is NOT correct?

•  Global media events such as the Olympics, the World Cup, and the Academy Award testify that media globalization rings true, and the claim of de-Westernization is only a fake issue.

•  Most mainstream media studies focus on Western media. Many media issues in the Global South cannot be properly accounted for by existing Western theories, thus bringing greater importance to the deWesternization of media research.

•  De-Westernization theses emphasize the need to break the United States-centered mindset. The reason is that the United States dominates international communication issues due to its strong position in international politics and culture.

•  To de-Westernize and at the same time communicate with the international community, it is necessary to build 'case knowledge' rooted in local societies or cultures.

• 7 Which of the following international organizations is NOT headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland?

•  World Health Organization.

•  World Economic Forum.

•  World Trade Organization.

•  World Bank.

• 8 The program format of Idol was widely purchased and adopted in many countries. Which country is this format originated from?

•  The United States.

•  The Netherlands.

•  The United Kingdom.

•  Belgium.

• 9 Which of the following statements about Mainland China's 'Grand Propaganda Campaign' is NOT correct?

•  After 2010, Mainland China began to acquire Chinese-language social media from all over the world, thereby creating a publicity network for overseas Chinese.

•  After 2010, in addition to disseminating information via the official media, Mainland China's 'Grand Propaganda Campaign' paid more attention to the idea, 'Tell China's Story Well and Spread China's Voice Well,' to market its soft power.

•  In 2017, the National Endowment for Democracy used the term 'sharp power' to explain that the Chinese Communist Party not only exports cultural activities and national image, but also its autocratic and authoritarian system.

•  The so-called 'Red Infiltration' refers to Mainland China's massive acquisitions of or investments in pro-China media, which enables the news media to incorporate pro-China ideology into news content via self-censorship.

• 10 The impunity for war crimes committed by which of the following countries after the cold war prompted Russia's Vladimir Putin to adopt similar tactics amid the invasion of Ukraine?

•  Turkey.

•  Serbia.

•  Syria.

•  Kosovo.

• 11 In the 'Cambridge Analytica scandal,' the British political consulting company collected user's data from which media platform, with an attempt to influence the outcome of the 2016 United States presidential election?

•  Google.

•  Twitter.

•  Facebook.

•  Amazon.

• 12 Which of the following cases of merger and acquisition of media companies has NOT happened?

•  AOLand Time Warner.

•  Viacom and CBS.

•  Google and YouTube.

•  News Corporation and Pixar.

• 13 Which of the followings is NOT one of the 'Big Three' film festivals of the world?

•  Venice.

•  Cannes.

•  The Oscars.

•  Berlin.

• 14 Several renowned food companies shut down their operations in Russia as a token of protest against Russian invasion of Ukraine. Which company was NOT among them?

•  Nestle.

•  McDonald's.

•  Starbucks.

•  Papa Johns.

• 15 In international communications, when the government is compelled to react instantaneously to round- the-clock international news reporting and make related decisions, it is called:

•  Political contest.

•  The CNN effect.

•  Indexing.

•  Propaganda.

• 16 Which of the following countries passed the 'News Media Bargaining Code' in 2021, setting a precedent for requiring large digital platforms pay local news publishers for reprinting or linking news contents on their platforms?

•  Finland.

•  Sweden.

•  France.

•  Australia.

• 17 Which of the following international film groups awarded Taiwanese director Ang Lee 'Lifetime Achievement Award'?

•  British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA).

•  The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).

•  The organizing committee of Berlin International Film Festival.

•  The organizing committee of Venice International Film Festival.

• 18 IFCN (International Fact-Check Network) is committed to combatting misinformation around the world via fact checking. Which of the following statements about getting certified by IFCN is NOT correct?

•  The fact-checking methods are standardized and transparent, and the reasons for checking are fully explained to the public.

•  The details and evidence of fact-checking should be made public. Therefore the general public can reproduce the work.

•  IFCN will give a verbal warning once a member organization violated fact-checking criteria, and its membership will be suspended for one year.

•  Information such as organizational structure, funding sources, personnel and their professional backgrounds should be fully disclosed.

• 19 Karen Hughes, former U.S. Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs, asserted that public diplomacy is composed of four pillars. Which of the followings is NOT included?

•  Exchange.

•  Education.

•  Endorsement.

•  Empowerment.

• 20 Simon Anholt developed 'Nation Brands Index' in 2005, ranking countries across six dimensions. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

•  Culture.

•  Medication.

•  Exportation.

•  Tourism.

代號：

11230

頁次：

4 － 1

111 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際關係與近代外交史（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（

75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題 上作答者，不予計分。

•  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 Please describe in detail the meaning of the internal balancing and the external balancing developed by the Structural Realism theory, and then based on these classifications, illustrate the internal and external balancing measures that the Biden administration of the U.S. has taken against the rise of China. (20 points)

• 二、 Please describe the strategic implications of China's recent initiatives of strengthening its relationship with Pacific island countries from the perspectives of 'wedge strategies', and then comment on the opportunities and challenges of China's wedge strategies in the Pacific Region. (20 points)

• 三、 What were the core concepts of George Kennan's 'Containment Policy'? Please elaborate its influences onto the post war U.S. foreign policy and its impacts onto the global geopolitics. (18 points)

• 四、 World War I broke out in 1914. China then entered the war in Europe. Did the Treaty of Versailles undermine China's national interest? How did China respond? What were the consequences of this event? (17 points)

• 乙、測驗題部分：（

25 分）

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 Which of the following countries is NOT one of the Arctic States in the Arctic Council?

•  Russia.

•  Denmark.

•  The United States.

•  The United Kingdom.

代號： 3112

座號：

• 2 Which of the following statements is NOT correct pertaining to the United Nations Security Council (UNSC)?

•  The UNSC consists of 15 members, including 5 permanent members and 10 non-permanent members elected for a three-year term.

•  The UNSC may investigate any dispute or situation which might lead to international friction.

•  Japan was elected as one of the non-permanent members in June this year, and will join the UNSC in January 2023.

•  Arepresentative of each of its members must be present at all times at the UN Headquarters so that the UNSC can meet at any time as the need arises.

• 3 The term 'globalization' contains various dimensions. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement pertaining to 'globalization'?

•  Hyper-globalizers tend to believe the European Union will ultimately replace its individual member states.

•  The extent of integration of major contemporary global economies is not higher than that prior to the First World War.

•  Sceptics tend to believe there would be a retreat of nation states.

•  Nowadays, the North-South gap in terms of development and wealth is growing, not narrowing.

• 4 Which of the following statements does NOT correctly explain the 'liberal international order'?

•  Economic interdependence, international organizations, and democracy are the basis of the liberal international order.

•  Scholars from western Europe and the United States tend to employ this term to describe the world order after the Second World War.

•  Currently, the liberal international order is universal.

•  John Mearsheimer argues that a realist order, not liberal international order, is in the interest of the United States.

• 5 Which of the following international economic institutions is NOT part of the 'Bretton Woods System'?

•  International Monetary Fund (IMF).

•  International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank).

•  Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT).

•  General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

• 6 Which of the following countries is a founding member of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF)?  United States.  Canada.  Australia.  Indonesia.

• 7 Which of the following current member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was NOT a former member of the Warsaw Treaty Organization?

•  Poland.

•  Hungary.

•  Czech Republic.

•  Slovenia.

• 8 Which of the following international legal documents is NOT part of the 'International Bill of Rights'?

•  Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).

•  International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD).

•  International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).

•  International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR).

• 9 Which of the following countries has never had dispute with China over maritime sovereignty claims in the South China Sea?

•  Vietnam.

•  Malaysia.

•  Singapore.

•  The Philippines.

• 10 Which of the following statements is NOT correct pertaining to the AUKUS?

•  It is a trilateral security agreement between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and one of its aims is to facilitate Australia's acquirement of nuclear-powered submarines.

•  The agreement was reached under President Joe Biden of the United States, Prime Minister Boris Johnson of the United Kingdom, and Prime Minister Anthony Albanese of Australia.

•  Beijing has been vocal in protest, calling it an extension of Cold-War mentality.

•  New Zealand supports the increased engagement of the United Kingdom and United States in the region, but declines visits from Australia's new nuclear submarines.

• 11 Who took the order of Emperor Guangxu to supervise military affairs in Xinjiang, suppress the local rebellions, and deter the British from making Xinjiang as its 'protectorate'?

•  Li Hongzhang.

•  Yi Shan.

•  Zeng Jize.

•  Zuo Zongtang.

• 12 The regime of international diplomacy after the Congress of Vienna in 1815 was often referred to as

•  Concert of Europe.

•  Integration of Europe.

•  European Reform.

•  European Democracy.

• 13 The 'Prime Minister's National Affairs Office' of the Qing Dynasty was established after the signature of .

•  Treaty of Peace, Amity, and Commerce between the United States of America and China.

•  Treaty of Beijing among China, the United Kingdom, and France in 1860.

•  Treaty of Humen between China and the United Kingdom.

•  Treaty of Whampoa between China and France.

• 14 Which of the following items mentioned in the 'General Regulations of the Five Ports Trading' and the 'Treaty of Humen,' the supplementary editions to the Treaty of Nanjing, did NOT violate the sovereignty of China?

•  Negotiated tariff rates.

•  Consular Jurisdiction.

•  Moor right of warships.

•  Amnesty of criminals.

• 15 Which of the following statements is correct regarding the diplomatic activities of the Yuan Shikai administration after the establishment of the Republic of China?

•  When serving as the head of the diplomatic corps in Beijing, US Minister Jordan became friendly with Yuan Shikai, thus exerting considerable influence.

•  Yuan Shikai's reconstruction loan was supported by a group of banks from five countries, including the United States.

•  After the outbreak of World War I in 1914, Yuan Shikai led China to declare war on Germany.

•  In 1915, China and Japan negotiated the Twenty-one Demands, which included the management rights of Hanyeping Iron and Steel Plant.

• 16 Regarding the activities of foreign powers in Shandong from the end of the Qing Dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China, which of the following statements is NOT correct?

•  In 1897, Germany sent troops to occupy Jiaozhou Bay and opened up the following partition crisis.

•  After the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, Japan declared war on Germany under the pretext of Anglo-Japanese alliance and thus gained control over Qingdao, Shandong.

•  In the 1915 Sino-Japanese Twenty-One Negotiations, Yuan Shikai recognized Japan's inheritance of all German rights in Shandong. In the exchange treaty, he expressed his willingness to accept Japan's proposal, which became the basis for Japan's acquisition of Shandong at the Paris Peace Conference.

•  On May 4, 1919, after the resolution of the Paris Peace Conference on the Shandong issue was sent back to China, students in Beijing protested, demanding the authorities not sign the treaty and punish relevant officials. This became the fuse of the May Fourth Movement.

• 17 Sino-Japanese relations continued to deteriorate after the Mukden Incident (or Manchurian Incident) in 1931. Which of the following regarding this incident is NOT correct?

•  In 1932, Japanese radical soldiers broke into the prime minister's residence in Tokyo. They shot and killed the Prime Minister Tanaka Giichi, who was inclined to adopt a peaceful solution to the SinoJapanese issue. This is known as the May 15 Incident.

•  In 1933, the Japanese army attacked Rehe, and fought the Great Wall Battle with the Chinese army. The battle ended with Sino-Japanese Tanggu Agreement.

•  Theperson who created the North China Autonomous Movement and proposed the Hirota Three Principles in 1935 was Japanese Foreign Minister Hirota Koki.

•  In 1937, the Japanese army attacked the Luguo Bridge located near Beiping, which is known as July 7 Incident. The Sino-Japanese conflict immediately expanded.

• 18 Who created the term 'soft power'?

•  Joseph Nye.

•  John Mearsheimer.

•  Henry Kissinger.

•  Alexander Wendt.

• 19 Which of the following was NOT the cause of World War I?

•  Secret alliances among great powers went out of control.

•  The British-Franco-Russian hostile relations were generally ameliorated.

•  The Axis and Allied countries acutely competed for spheres of influence.

•  The United Kingdom's sea power was challenged by Germany's 'Great Navy' strategy.

• 20 Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Outer Mongolia issue and the Tibet issue in the late Qing and early Republic of China?

•  British troops stationed in India invaded Tibet twice.

•  In 1914, China, Britain, and Tibet signed the Simla Accord in India, which was recognized by the Yuan Shikai administration.

•  After the outbreak of the 1911 Revolution, Outer Mongolia launched its first independence movement.

•  After the outbreak of the October Revolution in Russia, the civil war between the Red Army and the White Army spread to Outer Mongolia.

111 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科各組

科

目：綜合法政知識（包括中華民國憲法、兩岸關係、比較政府與政治）

考試時間：

1 小時

座號：

※注意：

 本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  本科目共 50 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

•  禁止使用電子計算器。

• 1 依司法院大法官之解釋，有關新聞自由之敘述，下列何者正確？

 唯有報導政治事務之內容，才受新聞自由之憲法保障

 受新聞自由保障之客體，不包括娛樂與運動新聞

 受新聞自由保障之客體，僅限於報導最終呈現之內容

 受新聞自由保障之主體，包括從事新聞工作之個人與事業在內

依憲法增修條文規定，關於立法委員之不受逮捕特權，下列敘述何者錯誤？  僅限於會期中，始得主張此項特權  僅限於立法院內之行為，始得主張此項特權

 若為現行犯，則不得主張此項特權



經立法院許可，仍得逮捕立法委員

• 3 依憲法及增修條文規定，下列有關正、副總統缺位之敘述，何者錯誤？

 總統缺位時，由副總統繼任至原任期屆滿為止

 副總統缺位時，總統應經行政院會議之議決，提名候選人

 行政院院長代行總統職權，其期限不得逾 3 個月

 正、副總統皆缺位時，由自由地區全體人民直選，補選出繼任者，繼任至原任期屆滿為止

• 4 下列何者不屬於國家賠償責任範圍？

•  警察駕駛警車巡邏時撞傷人民

•  人民駕車掉入高速公路路面坑洞而受傷

•  人民所有之既成道路因提供公眾通行而無法自由使用

•  人民因為公務員怠於執行職務而死亡

• 5 有關憲法之施行及效力，下列敘述何者正確？

 憲法增修條文，應先經大法官審查確定無違憲後，方得公布施行

 憲法增修條文，係由總統令公布實施

 法律與憲法是否牴觸，應由總統召集院際調解委員會確認決定

 命令與憲法是否牴觸，應由代表民意的立法機關確認決定

• 6 行政機關對於法律規定之解釋，如增加法律所無之限制，逾越母法之規定，則與憲法第 23 條何種原則 之意旨不符？

 法律不溯及既往原則

 平等原則

 信賴保護原則

 法律保留原則

• 7 關於憲法第 8 條人身自由之保障主體，下列敘述何者正確？

•  憲法第 8 條之人身自由為國民權，僅保障我國國民

•  憲法第 8 條之人身自由，除保障我國國民，亦保障外國人

•  憲法第 8 條之人身自由，亦保障外國人，但以我國之邦交國國民為限

•  憲法第 8 條之人身自由，亦保障外國人，但以持有我國永久居留證者為限

• 2

• 8 社會秩序維護法第 80 條第 1 項第 1 款就意圖得利與人姦、宿者，處 3 日以下拘留或新臺幣 3 萬元以下罰鍰 之規定，司法院釋字第 666 號解釋是以何種理由宣告違憲？

•  性交易行為仍屬憲法第 22 條所保障之基本權利，立法者不得以善良風俗為由禁止

 以主觀上有無意圖得利，作為是否處罰之差別待遇標準，與立法目的欠缺實質關聯，違反平等原則  就迫於社會經濟弱勢而從事性交易之女性，處以拘留或罰鍰之行政罰，已逾越必要程度，違反比例 原則



人民用以謀生的經濟活動，都受憲法職業自由的同等保障，系爭規定侵害性交易服務者的工作權

• 9 關於憲法中所規定人民的義務，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  人民有依法律納稅之義務，即「租稅法定主義」

•  人民有依法律服兵役之義務，立法者可於兵役法中規定女子亦須服兵役

•  憲法規定之受國民教育義務包括高級中等教育

•  人民有受國民教育的義務，而此亦屬人民的權利

• 10 姓名條例規定，命名文字字義粗俗不雅，得申請改名，此係基於保障人民之何種基本權利？

•  人性尊嚴

•  人格權

•  隱私權

•  資訊自主權

• 11 依據憲法學理與實務見解，人民主張下列何種行為侵害其基本權利時，司法院大法官或憲法法庭得予 受理？

•  不利確定終局裁判所適用之桃園市自治條例

 不利確定終局裁判所適用之桃園地方法院有罪判決

•  不利確定終局裁判所適用之桃園地方法院無罪判決

•  不利確定終局裁判未適用之桃園市自治規則

• 12 依據司法院大法官解釋，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  根據釋字第 791 號解釋，關於撤回通姦罪告訴效力不及於相姦人之差別待遇，是否符合平等權保障， 手段與立法目的間採實質關聯基準

•  根據釋字第 791 號解釋，關於性自主權與個人人格有不可分離關係之限制規範，是否合於比例原則， 適用較為嚴格之審查基準

•  根據釋字第 767 號解釋，關於社會補償之立法，採取中度之審查基準

•  根據釋字第 799 號解釋，對性侵害受處分人之人身自由予以限制，是否違反比例原則，採嚴格審查 標準

• 13 關於行政機關之組織，下列敘述何者非憲法之明文規定？

•  行政院之組織，應以法律定之

 應以行政院為行政層級中之最高行政機關

•  立法院不得於作用法中規定具組織法性質之規範

 行政院所屬各級機關之設置與組織，立法院得以準則性法律，為框架性規範

• 14 下列何者非屬司法機關？

•  懲戒法院之職務法庭

•  公務人員保障暨培訓委員會

•  少年及家事法院

•  司法院大法官

• 15 基於住民自治之理念與垂直分權之功能，下列敘述何者錯誤？

 地方自治團體設有地方行政機關及立法機關

•  地方自治團體首長與民意代表均由自治區域內之人民依法選舉產生

•  地方立法機關議決之預算拘束地方行政機關，地方行政機關不得提出覆議

•  中央政府對地方自治團體依法得依事件之性質為適法性或適當性監督

 基於「臺灣關係法」

 基於對臺灣的「六項保證」

• 16 2020 年 6 月「香港特別行政區維護國家安全法」正式實施，請問該法是由那個單位所通過？  香港立法會  香港區議會

 中國人民政治協商會議全國委員會

 中共全國人民代表大會常務委員會

• 17 中共在 2018 年 3 月的第 13 屆全國人民代表大會第 1 次會議透過修憲修改了什麼？

 國家主席任期制

 國家軍委會主席任期制

• 18 下列對於「國台辦」的敘述何者錯誤？

 全名是國務院台灣事務辦公室

 與中共中央台灣工作辦公室是「兩塊招牌，一套人馬」

 現任國台辦主任是劉結一

 近三任的國台辦主任都是從統戰系統調任

• 19 中共的「一個中國政策」 ，下列敘述何者錯誤？  全世界只有一個中國，中華人民共和國為中國唯一合法政府  中共的「一個中國政策」與美國的「一個中國原則」內容並不相同  中國的主權與領土完整不容分割  強調「一個中國，各自表述」 ，兩岸是對等的政治實體

• 20

• 習近平上台後解放軍積極向外擴張，下列敘述何者錯誤？  發布「東海防空識別區」 ，引發日本憂慮  在南海構築島礁，駐守軍隊，引發東南亞國家緊張

 強化「上海合作組織」功能，增加對於中東地區之擴張

 宣布啟動 M503 航道，增加我國空中安全之威脅

• 21 美國強調的「一中政策」 ，下列內容何者錯誤？

 基於中美三個聯合公報

 基於臺灣是中國主權的一部分

• 22 依據《臺灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例》第 9 條第 4 項之規定，臺灣地區人民具有那種身分者，進入 大陸地區應經申請，並經內政部會同國家安全局、法務部、大陸委員會及相關機關組成之審查會審查 許可？

 半導體產業之高階工程師

 校級以上之現役軍人

 中等學校以上之教師

 縣（市）長

• 23 依據《臺灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例》第 33 條之 1 規定，臺灣地區人民、法人、團體或其他機構， 非經各該主管機關許可，不得為下列那些行為？

 涉及政治性內容之合作行為

 涉及兩岸經貿與投資之行為

 涉及廣告及其他新聞傳播行為

 涉及學術及出版之行為

• 24 以國際貿易理論而言，臺灣對大陸的出口是一種「產業內貿易」 （ intra-industry trade ） ，這種貿易形式 的特徵是什麼？

 貿易中各種產業之間不存在經濟規模的差異

 兩岸生產要素稟賦不同，以致產生明顯的比較成本之差異

 大陸加工生產之後再回銷臺灣或出口至第三國

•  兩岸之間無法產生緊密的生產鏈（ production chain ）關係

 中共中央總書記任期制

 中共中央軍委會主席任期制

• 25 美國參議院提出的《 2022 年臺灣政策法》 （ The Taiwan Policy Act of 2022 ）的第 402 節，法案載明美國 將支持臺灣參與那一個國際金融組織？以促進臺灣繼續為拉丁美洲和加勒比經濟的發展有所貢獻。

•  亞洲開發銀行（ Asian Development Bank ）

 世界銀行（ World Bank ）

 中美洲銀行（ Central American Bank for Economic Integration ）

 美洲開發銀行（ Inter-American Development Bank ）

• 26 為了因應中國大陸對我國外交空間的打壓，以及在兩岸關係上步步進逼，蔡總統上任之後即推動「踏 實外交」 （ Steadfast Diplomacy ） ，下列那一事項是踏實外交的內涵？

•  推動兩岸政治談判

•  爭取加入美日同盟  新南向政策  推動「蔡習會」

• 27 近年來，中共不斷派軍機擾臺，我國大陸委員會提出抗議，其抗議內容為何？

•  要求北京當局立即停止非和平、不負責任的挑釁行徑

•  警告北京將升高美中雙方在南海地區的衝突

•  擾亂我方空軍正常的起降和演訓

•  中共必然遭到國際社會的譴責與制裁

• 28 美國前國防部長埃斯珀（ Mark Esper ） 2022 年 7 月 18 日起率團訪問臺灣，他向我方提出那些建議？

•  臺灣應該與中國大陸進行政治談判，降低兩岸敵意

•  臺灣應該加強非傳統安全，以對抗中國大陸的入侵

•  臺灣應該提升國防預算，增加不對稱戰力

•  臺灣應該發展「有限核武」 ，以嚇阻中國大陸的威脅

• 29 1982 年 8 月 17 日，時任美國國務卿喬治．舒茲發送給時任美國在臺協會處長李潔明，該電報揭示「對 臺六項保證」 ，下列何者不是六項保證的內容？

•  未同意設定終止對臺軍售的日期

•  未同意就對臺軍售議題向中華人民共和國徵詢意見

•  未改變關於臺灣主權的立場

•  未改變要求臺灣與中華人民共和國進行和平談判

• 30 根據中國大陸的黨政體制，下列那一個單位不是「國務院台灣事務辦公室」直屬事業單位？

• 

• 信息中心

•  海峽兩岸交流中心

 海峽兩岸關係研究中心

•  全國臺灣研究會

• 31 英國首相強生（ Boris Johnson ）在數十位閣員辭職施壓下， 2022 年 7 月 7 日發表聲明，先辭去保守黨黨 魁職務， 9 月才會辭去首相，並宣布任命新內閣成員，引起黨內外爭議。請問強生為何要 9 月才辭首相？  保守黨要到 9 月選舉黨魁  女王慰留

•  國會要到 9 月重新改選

•  烏俄戰爭要到 9 月才會有結果

• 32 日本於 2022 年 7 月 10 日舉行參議院選舉，由自民黨、公明黨、日本維新會、國民民主黨四黨形成的「修 憲勢力」掌握 177 席，請問此席位數有何特殊意義？

•  自民黨繼續執政，自行提出修憲創議

•  超越參議院 3/4 席次，該勢力可以提出修憲創議

•  結合眾議院原掌握的超越 2/3 席次，共同提出修憲創議

•  日本憲法是由當年聯合國駐日盟軍總司令部指導完成，修憲創議需送交聯合國審議

• 33 下列何國的總統選舉參選年齡限制最低？

 法國

 美國

 中華民國

 韓國

• 34 比較政治研究學者以政治系統（ political system ）取代國家（ state ）概念，藉以發展科學的理論，下述 何者最接近事實？

 解決了過往關於決策體系不透明的問題

 受到行為主義影響，發展通則化理論

 由於更加科學，所以適用在所有政體類型國家

•  主張政治體系是一個從輸入、系統輸出到回饋的閉鎖行動系統

• 35 美國聯邦最高法院常被外界以「保守派」與「自由派」說明其成員的意識形態取向， 2022 年聯邦最高 法院推翻 1973 年「羅伊控訴韋德案」 （ Roe v. Wade ）保障墮胎權的歷史性裁決，以及判決紐約州限制 人民攜槍出家門的法律違憲，人民享有在公共場所攜帶手槍的基本權利。下述何者正確？

•  1973 年「羅伊控訴韋德案」保障墮胎權是保守派大法官為多數的判決

 2022 年推翻 1973 年「羅伊控訴韋德案」是自由派大法官為多數的判決

•  2022 年判決紐約州限制人民攜槍出家門的法律違憲，是保守派大法官為多數的判決

•  美國聯邦最高法院由 9 名大法官組成，任期為 8 年

• 36 2019 年 1 月 4 日總統令公布之《憲法訴訟法》在 2022 年 1 月 4 日實施，原大法官全體審查會與憲法法庭整 合並機關化，大法官解釋改稱為「憲法法庭判決」 。下述何者錯誤？

 以憲法法庭做出判決或裁定，而非大法官會議解釋處理憲法爭議

 維持大法官 2/3 人數出席，出席大法官人數 2/3 同意為通過

 增加「專家諮詢」及「法庭之友」制度

•  憲法法庭裁判書必須公開，並記載參與大法官姓名及主筆者

• 37 根據國際非政府組織「自由之家」 （ Freedom House ）發布的《 2021 年世界自由度報告》評估報告 顯示，政府對 COVID-19 疫情大流行的反應，加劇了全球民主的衰落。下述何者錯誤？

•  對政府處理疫情的政策與措施，表示反對的人面臨騷擾或刑事指控

•  專制政權和民粹主義領導人致力於降低疫情透明度，助長虛假或誤導性訊息的傳播

 執政者以疫情及防疫為掩護，削弱政治反對派，鞏固權力

•  民主衰落主要集中在威權國家，民主國家並不受影響

• 38 網路民主（ Internet Democracy ）是指運用資通訊科技提升民主政治治理，但亦有促使網路民粹主義 （ Internet Populism ）或政府網路監控審查（ Internet Censorship ）的爭議，下述何者錯誤？

•  網際網路產生了個人的、社會的及想像的網際權力（ cyber power ） ，掌握資通訊科技的菁英成為新 統治菁英

•  由於網際網路使用的普及，當代網路輿論可說是展現全意志（ general will ）的民主政治

 網路民粹主義如同傳統民粹主義，反對菁英主義，但卻又造就新菁英

•  政府監控審查網際網路言論，仍須依據憲法保障言論自由

• 39 中立國家是指在發生武裝衝突時，對交戰的任何一方都不採取敵對（軍事、政治、經濟）行動的國家， 分為戰時中立國家和永久中立國家兩種。烏俄戰爭致使那些中立國家改變其中立的立場？

 瑞士、芬蘭、奧地利

 瑞典、馬爾他、摩洛哥

 愛爾蘭、波蘭、史瓦帝尼

 瑞士、土庫曼、土耳其

• 40 各國政府在劃分選舉區分配席位時，主要以選舉人的身分（例如政黨、職業、性別、宗教、族裔） 、 人口均數與地區（例如行政區域、地理區域）為考量，劃分為比例代表選區、單一選區及複數選區， 下述何者錯誤？

 我國原住民立法委員選舉採單一選區，區分平地原住民及山地原住民選區

 我國直轄市議員選舉採取人口均數、行政區域劃分及婦女保障名額

 美國聯邦參議員選舉以行政區域（州）為單一選區，與人口數無關

 日本參議員選舉以行政區域（道都府縣）為選區，並混合比例代表制

• 41 下列關於日本參議院的敘述，何者錯誤？

 任期 4 年

 前身為貴族院

 每 3 年改選半數議員

 2022 年 7 月剛舉行完第 26 屆選舉

• 42 下列有關俄羅斯國會的敘述，何者錯誤？

 國家杜馬總席次為 450

席  下議院為「聯邦委員會」

 目前「國家杜馬」第一大黨為統一俄羅斯黨  國家杜馬議員任期為 5 年

• 43 下列有關法國左右共治（ cohabitation ）的敘述，何者正確？

 左右共治指的是中央政府與絕大多數地方政府由不同黨派執政

 法國曾出現 3

次左右共治

 現任總統馬克宏（ Emanuel Macron ）時期也出現左右共治

 1986 年席哈克（ Jacques Chirac ）擔任總統時開啟第一次左右共治

• 44 文武關係（ civil-military relations ）或軍事政治（ military politics 下列何者並非民主國家應有的文武關係特質？

• 

• ）是觀察國家民主化過程的指標之一，

文人領軍  軍事專業主業  軍隊國家化  軍隊政治化

• 45 下列何者不是政治社會化的功能？

•  建立公民責任感

 提升公民政治效能  培養國家認同感  促進政府效能

• 46 關於德國國會的相關敘述，下列何者錯誤？

•  聯邦議會議員每四年選舉一次

•  聯邦參議員由人民選舉而生

•  聯邦參議院共 69 個席次

 所有聯邦法律皆經聯邦議會批准

• 47 下列對於當前法國政治體制運作的敘述，何者錯誤？

• 

• 

• 總統直接選舉產生  總統和國會多數可能不一致 總統不得解散國會  憲政體制稱為半總統制

• 48 關於半總統制下行政與立法關係的敘述，下列何者錯誤？

•  可能出現總統主導的二元行政



• 

內閣僅對國會負責

• 國會可以進行不信任投票  總統與國會具有雙元民意正當性

• 49 關於比例代表制選舉制度的敘述，下列何者錯誤？

 重視選票與席次之間的比例性

 可分為最大餘數與最高平均數兩種

 丹麥、瑞典等國設計超選區席次，以降低比例性偏差

 使用最高平均數法通常對小黨有利

• 50 關於相對多數決的政治影響，下列敘述何者錯誤？

 候選人與選區的連結弱

 比例性偏差較高

 較可能出現中位選民定律

 容易形成兩黨制

代號：

11270

頁次：

4 － 1

111 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際法（含國際公法與國際私法） （以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（ 75

分）

 請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題 上作答者，不予計分。

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 Regarding to Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), please answer the following question: State A has been a party to the VCLT since 3 September 1995, while State B has ratified the VCLT on 10 March 2009. On 15 March 2009, A and B conclude a treaty on the common use and regulation of transboundary water sources, which is called the Water Treaty. Is the VCLT applicable to this Treaty? (25 points)

• 二、 Two States, F and W, have a dispute concerning the violation by F of a commercial treaty concluded in 1980 and entered into force on 26 June 1980. They have decided to submit their case to the International Court of Justice. F is a member of the United Nations. W is not a member of the U.N.. But W is a party to the Statute of the ICJ and participates to pay the expenses. Both of these states have made optional clause declaration in conformity with Article 36 paragraph 2 of the ICJ Statute. Please verify the competence of the ICJ to hear this dispute. (25 points)

• 三、 Taiwanese B recruits Filipino A through B's local agent in the Philippines to work as a domestic helper in Taipei, Taiwan. A and B executed a standard employment contract designed by the Philippine Overseas Workers Administration (POEA) for overseas Filipino workers in the Philippines. It provided for her employment at a salary of US$1,000.00 a month during the employment period. It was submitted to and approved by the POEA. However, when A arrived in Taipei and set domicile in Taipei, A was asked to sign another contract by B, which reduced A's salary to only US$400.00 a month. Having no other choice, A reluctantly signed the contract. However, B has not paid any salary for six months after starting employment. A sued against B and its local agent for the full monthly salary of US$1,000.00 for totaling US$6,000.00. Both B and its local agent claimed that the second contract is valid under the laws of R.O.C., and therefore binding on A. Assuming there is no express agreement of the applicable law in the two contracts. How does the applicable law in this case apply? What are 'public order' principles? Is there any application of public order principle in this case? Is B's allegation correct or reasonable? (25 points)

乙、測驗題部分：（

25 分）

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) is generally recognized as the most important provision regarding the sources of international law. Which of the following descriptions is correct?

•  International conventions are rules made by the General Assembly or the Security Council of the United Nations.

•  International customs are evidence of State practices accepted as law by civilized nations.

•  The general principles of law are international rules recognized by the member States of the United Nations.

•  Subject to the provisions of Article 59 under ICJ Statute, judicial decisions and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of the rules of law.

• 2 Which of the followings enjoys the status as a domestic law in the R.O.C.?

•  United Nations General Assembly Resolutions.

•  United Nations Security Council Sanctions List.

•  Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

•  Award of the Arbitration on South China Sea.

• 3 According to Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, which of the following statements concerning 'interpretation of treaties' is correct?

•  Aspecial meaning shall always be given to a term.

•  The context for the purpose of the interpretation of a treaty shall not consider its preamble.

•  The terms of the treaty shall be interpreted in good faith and in the light of the treaty's object and purpose.

•  The context for the purpose of the interpretation of a treaty shall not consider the treaty's annexes.

• 4 Which of the followings is NOT on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories?

•  Cayman Islands

•  East Timor

•  Guam

•  Bermuda

• 5 The International Court of Justice delivered its advisory opinion on the Kosovo's declaration of independence in 2010. Which of the followings about this opinion is correct?

•  The advisory opinion was made upon the request of Serbia to the International Court of Justice.

•  The International Court of Justice ruled that Kosovo's declaration of independence did not violate international law.

•  The International Court of Justice ruled that the right of self-determination of all peoples also applied beyond the colonial context.

•  The International Court of Justice ruled that the recognition of Kosovo as a State by other States had a retroactive effect back to the date of its declaration of independence.

• 6 Which of the following principles applies when the requested country transfers the offender to the requesting country via the extradition procedure, the requesting country can only prosecute or punish the crime contained in the extradition request?

•  Principle of reciprocity.

•  Principle of specialty.

•  Principle of re-extradition.

•  Principle of double criminality.

• 7 Which of the following rights in the exclusive economic zone may a coastal State exercise?

•  Sovereignty.

•  Rights limited to explore and exploit, conserve and manage living natural resources only.

•  Rights limited to explore and exploit, conserve and manage non-living natural resources only.

•  Rights to produce energy from winds.

代號：

7112

• 8 According to the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, which of the following statements is correct if a diplomatic agent is a national of the receiving State?

•  Adiplomatic agent is not obliged to give evidence as a witness.

•  Adiplomatic agent shall enjoy immunity from any criminal jurisdiction of the receiving State.

•  A diplomatic agent shall, in principle, enjoy only immunity from jurisdiction, and inviolability, in respect of official acts performed in the exercise of his functions.

•  Adiplomatic agent shall not be liable to any form of arrest or detention.

• 9 According to Article 4 of the 1963 Tokyo Convention (Convention on Offences and Certain Other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft), a contracting State may exercise its criminal jurisdiction over an offence committed on board on condition that the offence has been committed against a national or permanent registration of such State. Which of the following jurisdiction principles shall be applied?

•  Protective jurisdiction.

•  Active nationality jurisdiction.

•  Passive nationality jurisdiction.

•  Territorial jurisdiction.

• 10 Which of the following statements regarding 'State Responsibility' is NOT correct?

•  Pursuant to Art. 4 of Articles on Responsibility of State for Internationally Wrongful Acts of 2001, 'the conduct of any State organ shall be considered an act of that State under international law' regardless of the character of that organ and whatever functions it exercises.

•  If a State directly infringes upon the interests of another State, the former shall bear State responsibility.

•  AState can plead its own law, including its constitution, in answer to an international claim.

•  Art.11 of Articles on Responsibility of State for Internationally Wrongful Acts of 2001 provides that, 'the State only becomes responsible if and to the extent that the State acknowledges and adopts the conduct in question as its own.'

• 11 Regarding the peaceful settlement of international disputes, which of the following statements is NOT correct?

•  There is no obligation for a State to resort to dispute settlement under the international law.

•  Initiation of the procedures for dispute settlement are consensual in principle.

•  International Court of Justice has not yet confirmed that peaceful settlement of international disputes is part of customary international law.

•  There has been an emergence of dispute settlement mechanisms with compulsory jurisdiction.

• 12 Which of the following international criminal court or tribunals have not been established?

•  International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.

•  International Criminal Tribunal for Myanmar.

•  International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.

•  International Criminal Court.

• 13 Which of the following agreements is a plurilateral agreement under the World Trade Organization?

•  Agreement on Rules of Origin.

•  Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.

•  Agreement on Government Procurement.

•  Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.

• Which of the followings is the treaty body of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights?

•  United Nations Human Rights Council.

•  Human Rights Committee.

•  Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.

•  United Nations Secretariat.

• 14

• 15 Which of the following descriptions on the legal sources of private international law is NOT correct?

•  The legal sources of private international law include treaties, international customs, legislation, and precedents.

•  In common law countries, precedents have become the main source of private international law. On the other hand, in civil law countries which adopt statutory law, precedents are not regarded as a source of private international law.

•  In order to resolve conflicts on the rules of private international law among various countries, international conferences have been held to achieve the goal of unifying private international law through international treaties since the 19th century. Therefore, treaties are an important source of private international law.

•  International judicial institutions when they are dealing with private international law cases, if there is no treaty between the two parties and if their private international laws are not applicable, the general principles of private international law, such as the principle of lex rei sitae , and the principle of locus regit actum , are preferred because of their supranational nature.

• 16 Taiwanese A and American B are a married couple. The two makes a separation agreement due to their difficult relationships. Before long, B obtains a divorce judgment rendered by the Court of Hawaii and seeks recognition from the Taipei District Court. Which of the followings is NOT a ground to be considered by the court regarding its possible rejection?

•  No mediation is attempted prior to the lawsuit.

•  The content of the judgment violates the public order or boni mores of the R.O.C.

•  The proceedings violate the public order or boni mores of the R.O.C.

•  There exists no mutual recognition between the foreign country and the R.O.C.

• 17 Which of the followings is NOT a theory for determining the criteria for qualification (characterization) in private international law?

•  Theory of lex fori.

•  Theory of lex causae .

•  Theory of lex loci.

•  Theory of jurisprudence.

• 18 Which of the following descriptions regarding the application of foreign law is NOT correct?

•  The contents of the foreign law shall comply with the public order or boni mores of the R.O.C.

•  The foreign law may still be applied except the result of the application of which leads to violation of the public order or boni mores of the R.O.C.

•  Judges possess discretionary power to determine whether the application of the foreign law violates the public order or boni mores of the R.O.C.

•  The term 'public order' refers to the practices of the founding spirits and basic national policies of the R.O.C.

• 19 What does the term ' lex rei sitae ' mean?

•  The law of the place where the party is present in person.

•  The law of the place where the party is domiciled.

•  The law of the place where the act is conducted.

•  The law of the place where the immovable property is situated.

• 20 According to the Act Governing the Choice of Law in Civil Matters Involving Foreign Elements, which shall apply to the law of the country of the parties' nationality and if the law of the country is chosen, but the country has sub-national regions, which law shall be applied?

•  The law of the domicile of the party concerned.

•  The most closely connected law of the place of the disputed legal relationship.

•  The law of the capital of the country of the party's nationality.

•  The rules on choice of law of the country of the party's nationality.

代號：

11260

頁次：

4 － 1

111 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際經濟（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（

75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題 上作答者，不予計分。

•  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 Assume that Country A is a small open economy. It is an importer of cars. There are no trade restrictions. The consumers in country A buy 1,000 cars per year, of which 400 are produced domestically and 600 are imported.

•  Assume that a technological advance in foreign car manufacturers causes the world price of car to fall by $50. After the fall in price, consumers buy 1,200 cars, of which 200 are produced domestically and 1,000 are imported. Calculate the change in consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus caused by the price fall. (10 points)

•  In responding to the fall in price, the government in Country A imposes a specific tariff of $50 on imported cars. Calculate the tariff revenue and the deadweight loss caused by the tariff policy. Is it a good policy from the standpoint of country A's total welfare? Who might support the tariff policy? Why? (15 points)

• 二、 The former president of the United States, Donald Trump, imposes tariffs on imports specifically from China. Although the policy is controversial, there are actually several arguments for restricting trade in international trade theory. Please outline three of the arguments and explain the reasons carefully. (25 points)

• 三、 Different countries adopt different exchange rate systems. What are the arguments for and against a fixed exchange rate system, respectively? Give an example country that adopts the system and is consistent with your arguments. (25 points)

座號：

乙、測驗題部分：（ 25

分）

代號：

6112

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 refers to the situation in which a country's joining in a free trade area leads to the increase of its trade in favor of member countries.

•  Trade diversion effect.

•  Trade distortion effect.

•  Trade enhancement effect.

•  Trade creation effect.

• 2 After Italy, Spain, Portugal joined the European Union, why does their trade deficit get worse? Which of the following statements is true?

•  They could not expand their government expenditure.

•  They could not depreciate their currency.

•  They could not offer tax incentives to industrial sectors.

•  They could not reduce welfare expenditure.

• 3 The value of a country's currency will tend to depreciate if .

•  the demand for the country's imports increases.

•  the country's money supply decreases.

•  the country's citizens decrease their travel abroad.

•  domestic interest rates increase.

• 4 If interest rates in Taiwan increase but they stay the same in the rest of the world, then .

•  the exchange rate of foreign currency to NT dollars will decrease

•  the exchange rate of NT dollars to foreign currency will decrease

•  Taiwan's current account balance will deteriorate

•  Taiwan's exports will decrease

• 5 Which of the following is NOT a major part in the balance of payment (BOP) in a country?

•  Current account.

•  Net errors and omissions.

•  Government budget.

•  Financial account.

• 6 The existence of the J-curve indicates that a real depreciation will cause .

•  an initial increase in net exports

•  an initial increase in economic activity

•  a final reduction in net exports

•  an initial reduction in the demand for domestic goods

• 7 Which of the following policies CANNOT improve current account deficit?

•  To raise interest rate.

•  To raise tariff for foreign imports.

•  To depreciate domestic currency.

•  To decrease government expenditure.

• 8 Regarding the Marshall Lerner Condition (M-L Condition), which of the following statements is correct?

•  The sum of price elasticity of foreign demand for domestic products and the price elasticity of domestic demand for foreign products are less than 1.

•  Sugar and rice are products suitable for the M-L Condition.

•  The M-L Condition in the very short run may not be effective.

•  The M-L Condition in the long run may not be effective.

• 9 Which of the following countries does not belong to the member countries of CPTPP?

•  Singapore.

•  Vietnam.

•  New Zealand.

•  South Korea.

• 10 How should a country's deficit in international balance of payment (BOP) be solved? Which of the following policies is incorrect?

•  To depreciate the deficit.

•  To raise the interest rate.

•  To lower the government expenditure.

•  To lower tariff.

• 11 In June 2022, South Korea's inflation rate reaches 6%. Which of the following statements is correct?

•  South Korea faces a current account deficit in the first half of 2022.

•  Won (South Korea's currency) depreciates too little.

•  The price of importing oil and food in South Korea is dropping down.

•  South Korea raises the interest rate too sharp.

• 12 The following table indicates that the labor productivity per hour on the two commodities X and Y:

In the Ricardian trade theory, the two countries have gains in trade after international trade. The possible term of trade ( ) x y P P is .

•  1

•  1/2

• 13 Asmall country imposes export tax, then .

•  the level of welfare will rise

•  the domestic producer surplus will increase

•  1/3

•  3

•  the domestic price will rise

•  the domestic consumer surplus will increase

• 14 In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, if Relatively Capital-abundant Country A opens trade with Relatively Labor-abundant Country B, what would be the consequence for the labor price(w) relative to capital price(r) in the two countries?

•  (w/r) rises in A and falls in B.

•  (w/r) falls in A and rises in B.

•  (w/r) rises in A and also rises in B.

 (w/r) falls in A and also falls in B.

• 15 For an open economy, when the national saving is less than investment, there will be in the country.

•  a trade surplus

•  a net increase in foreign debt

•  a net increase in foreign claims

•  a zero trade balance

• 16 In an open AD-AS model, an increase in foreign interest rate will result in the ① of domestic currency, ② domestic income , and ③ price level in home country.

 ① depreciation,

② more,

③ higher

 ① appreciation,

② less,

③ lower

 ① depreciation,

② more,

③ lower

•  ① appreciation,

② less,

③ higher

• 17 If the price level increases 10% in Taiwan and the price level increases 5% in the US in a year. According to relative purchasing power parity, what does the nominal exchange rate of NT dollars to US dollars move in the year?

•  It depreciates 5%.

•  It appreciates 5%.

•  It depreciates 100%.

•  It appreciates 100%.

• 18 Which is the cause of 2008-2009 United States financial crisis?

•  Subprime mortgage.

•  Serious government fiscal deficit.

•  Serious trade deficit.

•  Quantitative easing policy.

• 19 The 1997-1998 Asian crisis importantly involved movement of short-term financial capital ① countries such as Thailand and Malaysia, leading to ② of their currencies, which in turn caused ③ in the trade balances of other countries of the world.

 ① out of;

② depreciation;

③ an improvement

 ① out of;

② appreciation;

③ a deterioration

 ① out of;

② depreciation;

③ a deterioration

 ① into;

② appreciation;

③ an improvement

• 20 Under the flexible exchange rate and imperfect capital mobility, an open economy is initially in equilibrium. When a rise in foreign interest rate, finally the economy would reach to ________.

•  a higher level of interest rate and more income

•  a lower level of interest rate and less income

•  a higher level of interest rate and less income

•  an original level of interest rate and income