102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題 代號 ： 全一頁 14610 -19310 30210 -30410

等別(級)： 簡任

類科(別)： 技術類-公務、技術類-關務

科 目： 策略規劃與問題解決

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、成本效益分析為輔助決策方法之一，請分析貨幣化成本效益分析的優點與缺失。 （ 15 分）

• 二、由於科技與技術之推陳出新，政府法令常有不足之處，

•  請例舉案例；（ 5 分）

•  請研擬預防與管理制度。（ 15 分）

• 三、氣候變遷為未來須面臨及解決之問題，

•  請說明氣候變遷之產生原因；（ 10 分）

•  請說明氣候變遷對臺灣之影響項目與情形；（ 10 分）

•  對上述各項可能影響項目，請研擬政府之因應對策。（ 20 分）

• 四、關於決策與策略規劃時，經常面臨不確定性（ uncertainty ）的情況，

•  請說明不確定性之種類；（ 10 分）

•  請依上述各類不確定性說明因應方法。（ 15 分）

座號：

• 102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試

• 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題

代號：

10120 - 19320

30120 - 30420

頁次：

4 － 1

等別 ( 級 )

：簡任

類科 ( 別 )

：各類科 - 公務、各類別 - 關務

科

目：中華民國憲法與英文

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（ 50 分）

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、何謂「依法行政」？「依法行政」和憲法有何關聯性？並請具體舉例說明之。 （ 25 分）

• 二、外國勞工薪資與本國勞工薪資是否應相同或脫鈎，向來有不同之爭論，有的以國內 經濟發展角度出發，有的以國際人權角度出發，都有各自可能合理的論點。請問以 上「各該贊成或反對論點的內容」和「憲法」有什麼關聯性？請從憲法的角度提出 自己的論點。（ 25 分）

乙、測驗題部分：（ 50

分） 代號：

2101

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

•  共 25 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 A computer modeling was performed to what would happen to the nuclear reactor in a severe accident, such as the loss of all electric power.

•  absorb

•  assess

•  convert

•  delay

• 2 When Jane was asked for detailed information, we all wondered if we could trust her of the event that happened so long ago.

•  catastrophes

•  proportions

•  reminiscences

•  supplements

• 3 Martha, like many people, has a self-esteem ; even though she is smart and good-looking, she never thinks much of herself.

•  analysis

•  hardship

•  issue

•  subject

• 4 Roberta cared so much for her students that she often felt like a parent to them, and she missed them dearly when they graduated.

•  metaphysical

•  paramount

•  representative

•  surrogate

• 5 When a company is bankrupt, it often has to its assets in order to pay part of its debts.

•  confiscate

•  devastate

•  liquidate

•  propagate

• 6 The recruited volunteers have to receive 80 hours of training before they are allowed to become members of rescue teams.

•  disposable

•  mandatory

•  prodigal

•  vicious

• 7 People with strong ethnic identities tend to experience high group pride and display a stronger to their ethnic group.

•  advancement

•  commitment

•  disposition

•  patriotism

8 According to a research, women's hotel preferences are very different from men's with key on safety and comfort.

•  anxieties

•  escorts

•  motifs

•  priorities

• 9 The top of the Taipei 101 commands a view of the Taipei city. It has become the most popular tourist attraction in Taipei.

•  devastating

•  pessimistic

•  spectacular

•  transparent

10 David's of his hobby is increasingly distracting him from his work. Having a hobby is good, but he shouldn't let it influence his life.

•  confession

•  knowledge

•  pursuit

•  rationale

• 11 Ever since Daniel started his lung cancer treatment, he has suffered through the effects of the medicine.

•  brutish

•  debilitating

•  ineradicable

•  marginal

• 12 In order to have a blood test, the nurse stuck a needle into a in Rachel's arm.

•  wound

•  cell

•  hole

•  vessel

• 13 This piece of jade was made in the Han dynasty. It is not just valuable-it is absolutely .

•  colossal

•  hilarious

•  outrageous

•  priceless

• 14 The book, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother , chronicles the author's iron-willed decision to raise her daughters her way, the Chinese way, and the remarkable results her choice inspires.

•  In the book, the author examines the Chinese method of parenting with her iron will.

•  It's a book about how and why the author's daughters find her iron will inspiring.

•  The book describes how inspiring a Chinese mother thinks raising children is.

•  The book is about how the author chooses to raise her children and what the result is.

• 15 Countries that send migrants abroad want to make sure that expatriates do not become ex-patriots.

•  Countries with migrants abroad want to ensure their patriotism remains unchanged.

•  Countries that send migrants abroad want to make sure that expatriates do not return.



Countries with patriotic migrants abroad are quite certain that their migrators remain patriotic.

•  Countries with foreign immigrants want to guarantee the immigrants are patriotic to the new country.

• 16 Pure love and suspicion cannot dwell together: at the door where the latter enters, the former makes its exit.

•  There is no love without suspicion.

•  Love and suspicion are roommates.

•  Love without suspicion is not pure love.

•  Pure love and suspicion are incompatible.

請依下文回答第 17 題至第 21 題

One of the most legendary stories of alchemy is that of Nicholas Flamel. According to the legend, he lived in Paris during the 14th century, where he worked as a copyist. During the performance of his duties, he came across a very large and very ancient book, bound in brass and written on papyrus leaves gilded with gold.

The writing on the cover was in a strange and unknown language, and the book was organized into three sections of seven leaves each. Strange images and figures were painted on the seventh leaf of each section, including a virgin being swallowed by serpents, a serpent being crucified on a cross, and a beautiful landscape watered by fountains from which many writhing serpents emerged.

Nicholas spent many years in deciphering the writings and the symbols of the book which, of course, included instruction in the process of transmuting base metals into gold. His difficulty was that the secret ingredient, the Philosopher's Stone, was encoded within the paintings, and these he could not figure out. Finally he found a doctor, a Christianized Jew, who was able to help him decode the secret of the magical stone. Nicholas returned to his laboratories in Paris in the company of the doctor, who unfortunately fell sick and died on the way. But after three years of experimentation, Nicholas finally succeeded in producing the 'prime agent' of transmutation, and he and his wife became quite wealthy as a result. By the beginning of the 15th century, they had founded fourteen hospitals, built three chapels, endowed seven churches, and restored cemeteries in Paris and Boulogne. Thus, Nicholas proved himself truly worthy of the secret ingredient of alchemy, by using the profits from his discovery to help humanity rather than solely to enrich himself.

17 Before he came across the ancient book, what was Nicholas Flamel?

•  An alchemist

•  An artisan

•  A copyist

•  A priest

18 Which material is NOT used to produce the ancient book Flamel came across?

•  Brass

•  Gold

•  Silver

•  Papyrus

19 Which of the following statements is true about the ancient book?

•  The language on the cover was written in French.

•  There were altogether 18 pages missing from the book.

•  There were 5 paintings gilded with gold inside the book.

•  Snakes were the major animals drawn in the book.

20 Who helped Nicholas to decipher the secret of the Philosopher's Stone?

•  A Frenchman

•  A Jew

•  A virgin

•  A philosopher

21 Which of the following words best describes the character of Nicholas?

•  Generous

•  Greedy

•  Optimistic

•  Pessimistic

請依下文回答第 22 題至第 25 題

If you cheated on your spouse, would you admit it to a researcher? That question is one of the biggest challenges in the scientific study of marriage. 22 Surveys conducted in person are likely to underestimate the real rate of adultery because people are reluctant to admit such behavior not just to their spouses but to anyone. For example, researchers from the University of Colorado and Texas A&M surveyed 4,884 married women, using face-to-face interviews and anonymous computer questionnaires. 23 In contrast, on the computer questionnaire, more than 6 percent did.

A handful of new studies suggest surprising changes in the marital landscape in the United States. 24 For example, University of Washington researchers have found that the lifetime rate of infidelity for men over 60 increased from 20 to 28 percent to 15 percent. 25 About 20 percent of men and 15 percent of women under 35 say they have ever been unfaithful, up from about 15 and 12 percent, respectively, over the past fifteen years. While infidelity rates do appear to be rising, a vast majority of people still say adultery is wrong, and most men and women do not appear to be unfaithful.

• 22  Notably, a surprisingly increasing number of younger women appear to be cheating on their spouses.

•  Their findings show that infidelity appears to be on the rise, particularly among older people and young couples.

•  At the same time, experts say that surveys appearing in sources like women's magazines may overstate the adultery rate.

•  And interestingly, it helps explain why different studies produce different estimates of infidelity rates in the United States.

• 23  The researchers also see big changes in relatively new marriages in younger couples.

•  In the interviews, only 1 percent of women said they had been unfaithful to their husbands in the past year.

•  At the same time, experts say that surveys appearing in sources like women's magazines may overstate the adultery rate.

•  And interestingly, it helps explain why different studies produce different estimates of infidelity rates in the United States.

• 24  Notably, a surprisingly increasing number of younger women appear to be cheating on their spouses.

•  In the interviews, only 1 percent of women said they had been unfaithful to their husbands in the past year.

•  Their findings show that infidelity appears to be on the rise, particularly among older people and young couples.

•  At the same time, experts say that surveys appearing in sources like women's magazines may overstate the adultery rate.

• 25  The researchers also see big changes in relatively new marriages in younger couples.

•  Notably, a surprisingly increasing number of younger women appear to be cheating on their spouses.

•  Their findings show that infidelity appears to be on the rise, particularly among older people and young couples.

•  At the same time, experts say that surveys appearing in sources like women's magazines may overstate the adultery rate.

102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題 代號 ： 16030

等別(級)： 簡任

類科(別)： 電力工程

科 目： 電力系統研究

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 可以使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、下圖中所示為三相完全換位之三個匯流排電力系統，各項參數如下表所示，所有數 值均為標么值。

2

3

V1=1 0

°

pu

1

•  請寫出 Ybus 。（ 5 分）

•  請列出負載潮流方程式 0 ) , ( 2 2 2 = -= G P P V P f δ ， 0 ) , ( 3 3 3 = + = D P P P V f δ ， 0 ) , ( 3 3 3 = + = D Q Q V Q f δ 。（ 5 分）

•  初始值為 1.0 0, 0, 0 3 0 3 0 2 = = = V δ δ ，設匯流排 1 為搖擺匯流排（ swing bus ），請以 快速解耦法（ fast decoupled load flow method ）求解，計算出第一次疊代 (1) 3 (1) 3 (1) 2 , , V δ δ 值。（ 10 分）

• 二、上題系統中於匯流排 1 的發電機組 1 以及匯流排 2 的發電機組 2 之燃料增量成本分 別為 2 1 1 + = G P dP dC $/pu-hr ， 2 2 2 2 + = G P dP dC $/pu-hr 。

•  試求出忽略線路損失的最佳調度。（ 5 分）

•  若考慮線路損失， 2 2 2 1 2 1 0.03 0.04 0.04 G G G G L P P P P P + + = pu ，請列出求解最佳調度的 方程式組。（ 10 分）

•  請說明如何利用經濟調度程式（有考慮線路損失）及負載潮流程式求解出系統運 轉的最佳調度。（ 5 分）

（正面）

座號：

102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題 代號 ： 16030 （背面）

等別(級)： 簡任

類科(別)： 電力工程

科 目： 電力系統研究

• 三、一 60kVA 、 4800/2400V 單相變壓器，具有以下測試結果：  低壓側繞組外加額定電 壓而高壓側開路，在此條件下，流進低壓側之電流為 2.4A ，從 2400V 吸取的功率 為 3456W 。  高壓側繞組外加 1250V 而低壓側短路，在此條件下，流進高壓側之 電流為 12.5A ，從 1250V 吸取的功率為 4375W 。

•  試決定參考至高壓側之等效電路參數。（ 10 分）

•  當變壓器運轉於滿載 0.8 功率因數落後與 2400V 之端電壓時，決定電壓調整率與 效率。（ 10 分）

• 四、當單一機組連接至一無限匯流排（ infinite bus ）時，判斷在系統發生擾動後是否有 能力維持穩定，常利用等面積準則（ equal-area criterion ）作為快速判斷的方法。

•  請說明等面積準則的原理。（ 15 分）

•  若單一機組連接至電動機，等面積準則是否可以適用？（ 5 分）

• 五、請推導三相電力系統發生 A 相單相直接接地故障時，系統之零序、正序、負序電路 連接方式。（ 20 分）

102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題 代號 ： 16040 全一頁

等別(級)： 簡任

類科(別)： 電力工程

科 目： 電機機械研究

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 可以使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、如果將一組線對線電壓為 380 伏特（ V ）之 Y 型連接，中性點接地之平衡三相電源 經過一組以Δ -Y 連接，並由三台完全相同的理想單相變壓器（每台電壓比均為 380 V ： 1900 V ）所組合而成的等效三相昇壓變壓器而供電至三相平衡負載。若此三相負載 亦為 Y 型連接，且每相負載大小為 40 + j 30 Ω ，則此三相負載所消耗的實功為多少 瓦（ W ）？（ 25 分）

• 二、 一般所謂的無刷直流電動機（ Brushless DC Motor ），其電機本體實為一永磁式交流 同步電動機，試粗略繪圖說明其整體電機組合（含電機本體及可能之周邊）架構及 透過何種操作模式方得到無刷直流電動機名稱的可能緣由？（ 25 分）

• 三、風力發電機中所採用的感應電機若為鼠籠式轉子結構，其電機本身將可透過可調整 的外接並聯電容器結合輸出電纜線的電容效應，提供適當的虛功供應以產生激磁。 在端電壓固定的前提下，試討論等效電容所提供的激磁大小，對於此一風力發電機 供應至系統電能操作功因的影響。（ 25 分）

• 四、將一三相四極的同步電動機透過電力電子驅控電路供電，若採用的驅動電路是電壓型 變流器且其觸發之調變波頻率為 59 至 61 赫茲（ Hz ）的話，則試說明理論上此一同 步電動機的穩態操作速度上下限範圍為多少轉 / 分（ rpm ）至多少 rpm 之間？（ 25 分）

座號：