103 年公務人員特種考試關務人員考試、 103 年公務人員特種考試身心 障礙人員考試及 103 年國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試試題

代號：

70110

70210

頁次：

4 － 1

考 試 別：國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等 別：少將轉任考試

類 科：各類科

科 目：中華民國憲法與英文

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（ 50 分）

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、請說明我國憲法增修條文前言規定之內容。（ 25 分）

• 二、關於憲法「最高性」之特徵，憲法條文及司法院解釋有無具體規定與說明。（ 25 分）

乙、測驗題部分：（ 50

分） 代號：

1701

 本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。  共 25 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 Advances in science and technology have changed the world we live in over the last one hundred years.

•  capriciously

•  drastically

•  primitively

•  repellently

• 2 Whenever Kevin gets back to his nice, cozy apartment, he always feels safe and comfortable; the apartment is just like a to him.

•  boutique

•  dungeon

•  promenade

•  sanctuary

• 3 The flowers in Kelsey's garden attract bees and butterflies that the plants naturally.

•  irrigate

•  pollinate

•  pollute

•  transform

• 4 Hooking up these new speakers to the sound system will the music, making it louder and clearer.

•  amplify

•  nullify

•  qualify

•  signify

• 5 Many agricultural communities recognize that totally eliminating agricultural odors is not economical.

•  Many people in the agricultural field know that it is not undesirable to get rid of odors from agricultural operations.

•  Many people in the agricultural industry believe agricultural odors are likely to harm the national economy in the long run.

•  The majority of the agricultural industry believes that the price for complete removal of agricultural odors is too high.

•  Many agricultural communities believe that there is an economical motive to recognize the need for removing agricultural odors.

• 6 Study found that feeling sad leads to self-centered thinking, which can lead to greater likelihood of spending extra cash in order to make a person feel better.

•  People who are feeling sad tend to spend more money on themselves.

•  Spending less cash will increase a person's chances of becoming happier.

•  People who are self-centered are happy, so they spend less money.

•  Sadness leads to spending more money on people who are self-centered.

•  Xenotransplant Disease

•  Xenotransplant Fear

• 7 Dante makes Virgil his guide through the hell in his Inferno , which itself could be called the quintessence of medieval literature.

•  Dante guides Virgil to travel through the hell in the Inferno , which itself can be regarded as the model of medieval literature.

•  Dante is guided by Virgil to travel through the hell in the Inferno , which can not be regarded as the model of medieval literature.

•  In medieval literature, the hell is not a typical scene. A medieval writer, Dante, hires a tour guide to show him through the hell in his writing, the Inferno .

•  Dante's Inferno , in which Virgil guides the author through the hell, is the perfect example of medieval literature.

• 8 In novels, which are typically populated by a few dozen characters at most, other people are in short supply and the lovers tend to return to each other for better or worse.

•  In the world of novels where only a small number of characters inhabit, the lovers cannot but stick with each other.

•  In the world of novels where only a small number of characters inhabit, the lovers, unlike other people, will try to give each other as much as they can.

•  In the world of novels where only a small number of characters inhabit, the lovers will manage to stay together whereas other characters remain detached from each other.

•  In the world of novels where only a small number of characters inhabit, the lovers differ from other characters in the way they show affection for each other.

請依下文回答第 9 題至第 12 題

In 1993, an official with the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP) called a few employees into her office and asked the question: what was the CDCP doing about the risk that animal-to-people transplants might introduce new germs into the human population? 'My first reaction was-nothing,' recalled Louisa Chapman, an expert on animal viruses that infect humans. 'Transplants from animals were so rare, and recipients lived so briefly that it didn't seem a threat.'

But as she looked into the situation, she changed her mind. Interest in xenotransplants was heating up. Animals could not only ease the shortage of kidneys, hearts, and livers for transplantation, but also supply brain tissues for treating diseases like Parkinson's. These days, drug and biotech companies have poured more than $100 million into xenotransplant research. Scientists have reported progress in overcoming rejection of animal organs. But the concern Chapman heard in that 1993 meeting has not gone away: would xenotransplants give new germs a sneaky entrée into the human population?

• 9 What is the best title for this passage?

•  Xenotransplant Interest

•  Xenotransplant Prevention

• 10 What is Louisa Chapman concerned with?

•  The shortage of kidneys, hearts, and livers

•  Treatment of diseases like Parkinson's

•  Introduction of new germs into the human population

•  The frequency and duration of xenotrasplants

• 11 What does the author mean when he says, 'Interest in xenotransplants was heating up.'?

•  Xenotransplants are being heated.

•  Xenotransplants are being cooked.

•  Xenotransplants are getting popular.

•  Xenotransplants are under attack.

• 12 What does the underlined word 'sneaky' in the second paragraph mean?

•  Secret

•  Separate

請依下文回答第 13 題至第 16 題

Architecture is an art, and any art must give us pleasure, or else it is bad art, or we are abnormally blind. We are in general too hardened and insensitive to architecture as an art and to the joy it may bring to us. It is the constant nearness of architecture during our entire conscious existence that has blinded us in this way. We forget that it is an art of here and now because it is with us every day and because we must have houses to live in. We are apt to think of them solely as abiding places. Therefore, we think of architecture as some vague, learned thing dealing with French cathedrals or Italian palaces or Greek temples, not with New York or Chicago streets or Los Angeles suburbs, and this false doctrine has strengthened in us until our eyes are dulled and our minds are deadened to all that beauty that is being created around us today, and we lose all the fine deep pleasure that we might otherwise experience from our ordinary surroundings.

• 13 According to the passage, what is the most important function of art?

•  To make us feel happy

•  To give us knowledge

•  To enliven our surroundings

•  To make us sensitive to nature

• 14 According to the passage, why is architecture an art of 'here and now'?

•  We are living in it.

•  It always gives us joy.

•  It lasts regardless of time.

•  Great buildings like French cathedrals and Greek temples still exist.

• 15 Why are people insensitive to architecture as an art?

•  We are too close to it.

•  We are conscious of its existence.

•  We only think of modern buildings as art.

•  Our minds are deadened by busy lifestyles.

• 16 According to the passage, how do people in New York in general think of their buildings?

•  The buildings are not familiar in their experience.

•  The buildings are just their abiding places.

•  The buildings are something that creates beauty in their surroundings.

•  The buildings are comparable to French cathedrals or Greek temples.

請依下文回答第 17 題至第 21 題

Since a bolt generates heat of up to 28,000 degrees (five times hotter than the sun), people assume that anyone in its path will be severely scorched, says Mary Cooper, MD, a University of Illinois at Chicago researcher, who studies lightning injuries. 'In reality, only one-third of victims have any burns at all, because the skin contact is so brief, just milliseconds.' The intense heat can have unpredictable effects. 'There are reports of tied leather shoes exploding off people's feet as their sweat instantly vaporizes,' Dr. Cooper adds. Other complications from a strike include ruptured eardrums, blindness or vision problems, mental impairment, nerve damage, convulsions, cardiac arrest, and, in up to ten percent of cases, death. However, throughout history there have been survivors of lightning strikes who have claimed miraculous benefits, such as cures for blindness or illnesses. And after a brush with death, there are those who feel a heightened awareness and appreciation of life. To some survivors, some strange phenomena have happened. Dr. Cooper has heard different reports of strike victims. There were people who said they felt extremely sparkly and energized. Some said they could not use a computer at all, because it slowed down as soon as they touched the keyboard, and others said they could not wear a watch because the battery went wacko.

•  Secluded

•  Sedate

• 17 According to the passage, which one is NOT a lightning injury?

•  Cardiac arrest

•  Olfactory impairment

•  Eardrum damage

•  Mental impairment

• 18 Which of the following is a benefit that some survivors of lightning strikes have claimed?

•  Awareness of life goals  Spiritual journey  Cures for broken legs  Cures for blindness

• 19 According to the passage, what is the approximate death rate from lightning strikes?

•  About one-third of victims

•  Up to 10 percent of victims

•  About one-fourth of victims

•  Nearly 100 percent of victims

• 20 Which statement is NOT associated with strange phenomena happening to some survivors of lightning strikes?

•  They cannot wear shoes because their feet sweat all the time.

•  The computer they use slows down when they touch the keyboard.

•  They often feel extremely energized and refreshed.

•  They cannot wear a watch because its battery cannot function properly.

• 21 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

•  Anyone hit by a lightning bolt will be severely scorched.

•  Only some victims of lightning strikes have lightning burns.

•  All survivors of lightning strikes have claimed some miraculous benefits.

•  The sun generates heat five times hotter than a thunderbolt does.

請依下文回答第 22 題至第 25 題

There are few places, not only in Italy, but in the whole world, that have as much evocative and suggestive power as the Appian Way in Rome. The walls along the Appian Way, full of remarkable traces of ancient history, are still the same as they were two thousand years ago, but they will be submerged beneath a flood of houses, disappearing into history, simply because of a frenzy of wild speculation on lands.

There are laws that protect the artistic and historic heritage, as well as the landscape. But laws are inert and impotent if there is a lack of real will to ensure that they are respected. In this case, as in a hundred others, the fault cannot be attributed to administrative inertia; it lies much higher up, at the level of the government officials and, at a much higher level, in the ruling class.

It is surely symptomatic that when the alarm was sounded concerning the imminent destruction of the Appian Way, not a single organ of the mighty middle-class press chose to champion the cause, and nobody chose to react. The whole of our incomparable artistic and cultural heritage is threatened with destruction; in the villas of the Veneto, rooms covered with precious wall paintings are being turned into stables; the Italian cities that are celebrated throughout the world as masterpieces of beauty and as the witnesses of first-rate culture are rapidly being transformed into something extremely vulgar.

• 22 What causes the Appian Way to be disappearing?

•  Historical factors

•  Land development

•  Natural disasters

•  Political power

• 23 According to the passage, which of the following is ultimately responsible for the fault of a powerless law?

•  Bureaucratic police

•  Historical heritage

•  Government officials

•  The ruling class

• 24 What is the key to ensuring that the law is honored?

•  Knowledge

•  Money

•  Power

•  Will

• 25 Which of the following is accommodated in the renovated historical houses in the villas of the Veneto?

•  Animals

•  Officials

•  Soldiers

•  Tourists

103 年公務人員特種考試關務人員考試、 103 年公務 人員特種考試身心障礙人員考試及 103 年國軍 上 校 以 上 軍 官 轉 任 公 務 人 員 考 試 試 題

考 試 別： 國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等 別： 少將轉任考試

類 科： 各類科

科 目： 行政學研究

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、公私協力（ Public Private Partnership, PPP ）日趨成為當代政府治理所採行的模式之 一，請說明公私協力發展的背景？公私協力關係常見的類型包括那些？協力關係成 功的要件有那些？（ 40 分）

• 二、從政治途徑來理解政府人事行政時，特別重視文官（或公務人員）的政治回應性與 代表性兩項特徵。試闡釋並舉例說明文官的政治回應性與代表性之核心意涵為何？ （ 30 分）

• 三、請闡釋政策評估的積極目的與消極目的各為何？並舉出政府機關運用政策評估的實 例加以說明。（ 30 分）

代號 ： 全一頁 70120 70220

座號：

103 年公務人員特種考試關務人員考試、 103 年公務 人員特種考試身心障礙人員考試及 103 年國軍 上 校 以 上 軍 官 轉 任 公 務 人 員 考 試 試 題

考 試 別： 國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等 別： 少將轉任考試

類 科： 各類科

科 目： 問題分析與解決

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、面對衝突， K. Thomas （ 1992 ）提出五種衝突處理的基本模式：競爭（ competing ）、 逃避（ avoiding ）、順應（ accommodating ）、妥協（ compromising ）與合作 （ collaborating ）。

•  若以「關心他人的程度」為橫軸、「關心自己的程度」為縱軸，這五種衝突處理模 式的相關位置為何？（ 25 分）

•  請舉例說明這五種模式各適用於何種情境？（ 25 分）

• 二、 2014 年 2 月，內政部新戶役政資訊系統上路後，問題頻傳。新系統上路後就停用舊 系統，新系統癱瘓導致民眾結婚登記錯過吉時，離婚手續辦不成，民怨沸騰到極點。 下列是媒體報導的若干問題：

•  內政部曾表示做了 10 多次壓力測試、 24 次系統測試；但遭質疑後，坦承只做過 2 次 「全國性」壓力測試，其餘僅為縣市測試。戶政事務所人員爆料，上路前測試系 統根本不能用。

•  新戶役政資訊系統的招標業務，乃由戶政司主導，未參酌資訊部門的意見。

•  根據內政部 2010 年 6 月核定的「強化戶役政資訊系統與應用推廣計畫」：

•  在「硬體架構」的規範示意圖中，將不同任務分派給不同主機執行。

•  在內政部主機與戶政事務所的資料連線中，採用網頁瀏覽器來傳輸影像資料。

•  「評估準則」中，並未明確要求廠商滿足系統「回應時間」的需求。

•  「委外策略」中，明確指出應「針對各個領域逐一挑選最優秀的專業委外者服 務」，然而，目前公部門資訊的標案，幾乎清一色都是最低標得標。

根據以上情況，請以魚骨圖分析資訊系統問題的癥結為何？請針對問題癥結，提出 您的解決方案。（ 50 分）

代號 ： 全一頁 70130 70230

座號：