104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 14610 － 19610 30610 全一頁

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

技術類－公務、技術類－關務

科 目：

策略規劃與問題解決

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、團體在做決策時常會出現「團體盲思」 （ groupthink ）的現象，試問何謂團體盲思？ 出現團體盲思的原因為何？組織可以採取那些策略以避免團體盲思？請分別論述 之。 （ 25 分）

• 二、試舉出一則案例，說明如何透過「廣博理性」的決策模式來解決公共問題。 （ 20 分）

• 三、近年來隨著資訊通訊科技的進展，許多先進國家開始實施「遠距辦公」 （ telework ） 的工作模式。

•  何謂遠距辦公？（ 10 分）

•  能否以 SWOT 策略規劃架構，對我國推動遠距辦公研擬可行的方案？（ 20 分）

• 四、政策方案能夠被接納必須考量政治因素，試說明評量政治可行性的重要因素有那 些？又推動政策能夠被接納的政治策略有那些？試分析論述之。 （ 25 分）

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 10120 － 19620

104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ： 各類科－公務、各類別－關務

科 目：

中華民國憲法與英文

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

代號：

30120 、 30620

頁次：

4 － 1

甲、申論題部分：（ 50 分）

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、我國憲法直到憲法增修條文第 10 條第 6 項才規定婦女人格尊嚴，同時司法院大法 官也在多號解釋中提及人性尊嚴，試問人性尊嚴其內容為何？又在我國憲法秩序中 是否具憲法拘束力？並敘明其理由。（ 25 分）

• 二、試從｢責任政治」觀點分析我國憲法上總統、行政院及立法院之關係。（ 25 分）

乙、測驗題部分：（ 50

分） 代號：

2101

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

•  共 25 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 In the garden, soil preparation must aim to reduce, not increase, fertility. A rich soil soon becomes home to ______ weeds which smother less competitive, more attractive plants.

•  ramming

•  compatible

•  comprehensive

•  rampant

• 2 Frida produced her first painting and ______ it to her school boyfriend.

•  dictated

•  dedicated

•  dwelled

•  domesticated

• 3 An international group of forty scientists have made a very surprising ______ about the future. They say that in the next fifty years we can upload our minds to the computer.

•  prediction

•  preoccupation

•  prevention

•  precept

請依下文回答第 4 題至第 8 題

What really makes people rich? Poor people often take in humble food and work with their hands or perform 4 labor, which keeps them in good health. Affordable clothes may look and feel just as good as 5 expensive ones. On the contrary, rich people often sit at desks for long hours, eat at expensive restaurants, and indulge in exquisite 6 . More expensive clothes and shoes always await those who are never 7 and love to compete. Are the rich really rich? Are the poor really poor? If you think of wealth in terms of health or happiness, who is rich and who is poor is not 8 by money.

• 4  manual

•  manifest

•  momentum

•  modification

• 5  magnetically

•  overpriced

•  underestimated

•  efficiently

• 6  delinquencies

•  policies

•  species

•  delicacies

• 7  qualified

•  satisfied

•  anticipated

•  rejuvenated

• 8  deleted

•  domesticated

•  distracted

•  determined

請依下文回答第 9 題至第 13 題

Most people will admit that the relations between various ethnic and racial groups is a potential source of problems for a culturally diverse society such as the United States. Most 9 people will also agree that prejudice plays an important role in the misunderstandings, intolerance, and even hostility that may develop and persist between such groups. If our objective is to minimize these problems, one necessary step is to 10 the issue of prejudice.

Research has clearly established that prejudice exists and 11 a person expressing a prejudiced view may be unaware that it is in fact biased. An interesting experiment, which is often 12 in educational textbooks, was conducted in 1973 to determine the potential effects of prejudice on the judgements of future school-teachers. The researcher made videotapes of three children speaking to an adult. The camera angle was 13 that the children's faces were not visible; however, it was obvious from the tape that the children were speaking and that they were racially different-one was white; one was African American; the third was Mexican American. A soundtrack containing exactly the same conversation in English with the same American voice was added to the tapes. Each tape was played to one of three groups of student teachers. Their task was to judge the correctness of the speech of the child they had seen on the videotape.

• 第 14 題至第 17 題為篇章結構，各題請依文意從四個選項中選出最合適者，答案選用不能重複

There has been a great deal of research into the art of negotiation, and, in particular, into what makes a 'good' negotiator. One point most researchers seem to agree on is that good negotiators try to create a harmonious atmosphere at the start of a negotiation. 14 . Therefore, there may be a willingness on both sides to make concessions. Good negotiators generally wish to reach an agreement which meets the interests of both sides in the long run. 15 . Instead of seeking immediate gains, it is more important to ensure that they do not harm their relationship with the other party. Skillful negotiators are flexible. They do not 'lock themselves' into a position so that they will lose face if they have to compromise. 16 . For example, instead of insisting that they must get a large order only once, they opt for small orders that may help develop long-term corporation with their partners. Successful negotiators do not want a negotiation to break down. If problems arise, they suggest ways of resolving them. 17 . Instead of giving up right away, they keep the communication open, select a few arguments and repeat them. This suggests that tenacity is an important quality. Finally, when the deal is done, they confirm it and close it so that both sides feel satisfied.

• 14  They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counterparts.

•  The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas.

•  They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve.

•  Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

• 15  They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counter-parts.

•  They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve.

•  Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

•  They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal.

• 16  The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas.

•  They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal.

•  They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve.

•  Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

代號：

10120

－

19620

30120

、

30620

頁次：

4

－

3

• 17  They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counter-parts.

•  The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas.

•  Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

•  They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal.

請依下文回答第 18 題至第 20 題

In 1988, a college dropout named Jonathan Stanley was convinced that government agents were chasing after him. For three days and nights he raced through streets and subway tunnels. After the police took him to a hospital, he finally received effective treatment two years after getting a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. 'My son's life was saved,' his father, Ted Stanley, said. He then created a foundation to support psychiatric research. In July 2014, the Stanley Family Foundation donated $650 million to Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, a research center to which he had earlier donated $100 million. It comes at a time when research into mental illness is sputtering. The Broad Institute timed its announcement of the donation to coincide with the release of the largest analysis ever on the genetics of schizophrenia. The analysis identified more than 100 regions of DNA associated with the disease. Many contain genes involved in just a few biological functions, like pumping calcium into neurons that could help guide the search for treatments. 'For the first time, there's a clear path forward,' said Eric Lander of the Broad Institute. When scientists discovered psychiatric drugs like lithium in the mid-20th century, they did so mostly by accident. For years, they hoped figuring out the action of the drugs would help them understand the causes of the diseases. But they came up empty. Some researchers argued that a better strategy would be to find the genes involved in psychiatric disorders. This approach would give them new molecular targets for drugs they could test. Recent research has found that mutations in the very same gene can cause a wide range of brain disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. 'We have no idea at all about why that is, and the only way to find out is to do some hard biology - to find out not only which genes matter, but what about them matters,' Dr. Goldstein said. The new study found that many risk variants clustered around specific body functions, like the immune system and calcium transmission in brain cells. To understand their underlying biology, Broad researchers plan to grow neurons with mutations in the genes they have found, to see how they differ from normal cells. They will engineer mutated mice to see how their brains are affected. These studies will be expensive, which is where the Stanley Family Foundation comes in.

• 18 According to the passage, why did Mr. Ted Stanley want to support psychiatric research?

•  His son received effective treatment and recovered.

•  He feared that he would have psychiatric disorder.

•  His son had a nonfunctioning brain for the rest of his life.

•  He feared that there was a government conspiracy involved.

• 19 According to the passage, what of the following is a better strategy to treat psychiatric diseases?

•  To find the real signals.

•  To find the way to pump calcium into the neurons.

•  To find the specific body functions.

•  To find the genes involved in psychiatric disorders.

• 20 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

•  The donation coincides with the release of the largest analysis ever on the genetics of schizophrenia.

•  The Stanley Family Foundation donated to Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard for just one time.

•  The analysis identified more than 100 regions of DNA associated with schizophrenia.

•  When scientists discovered psychiatric drugs like lithium in the mid-20th century, they did so mostly by accident.

請依下文回答第 21 題至第 25 題

When it comes to construction, builders, even in these technologically advanced times, are often left with three main materials-concrete, steel, and bricks. But some innovative designers are increasingly looking to reuse an unlikely material that the world has in abundance-plastic bottles. Would you live in a bottle building? Before you answer, have a look at the many advantages these structures have.

First and foremost, bottle buildings are low-cost-just think about how little a plastic bottle costs, and you'll get the idea. They are also quite strong and sturdy, as they can bear a heavy load and may resist earthquakes. Bottles also allow natural light into the structure, reducing energy consumption while creating a warm, inviting interior atmosphere.

In Taiwan, where just four percent of plastic bottles are recycled each year, the EcoARK building was built in Taipei using an astonishing 1.5 million plastic bottles. This building was used as an exhibition hall during the 2010 Taipei International Flora Expo, and served as a reminder that, as Taiwan goes through 2.4 billion plastic bottles annually, we must find a way to recycle or reuse them before they present a huge environmental problem.

In the city of San Pablo in the Philippines, dozens of volunteers built a school from plastic bottles filled with liquefied adobe. This could be the start of a new trend in which plastic bottles become the new environmentally friendly material of choice for buildings of the future.

• 21 What is the literal meaning of the underlined idiom in the first paragraph?

•  to expect or hope

•  to classify

• 22 What is the main message of the EcoARK building?

•  Plastic bottles are the best construction material.

•  Some common household items can be effectively reused.

•  People in Taiwan should buy only metal cans from convenience stores.

•  Although they are quite expensive, plastic buildings can be beautiful.

• 23 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for using plastic bottles for construction?

•  They allow more natural light into buildings.

•  They are inexpensive compared to other materials.

•  They can be recycled annually.

•  They do not get damaged easily during natural disasters.

• 24 What does the Philippine example suggest?

•  It will likely cause nations in Asia to outlaw plastic bottle buildings.

•  It should have a major effect on construction projects for corporations.

•  It will probably cause other nations to consider building more schools.

•  It may make bottles the top material for environmentally friendly buildings.

• 25 What is the best title for this passage?

•  to examine or inspect

•  to act or respond quickly

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 全一張 （正面） 16130 16230

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

電子工程、電信工程

科 目：

高等電子電路學研究（包括類比與數位）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：

 可以使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、電晶體電路如下圖，其中電晶體 Q 1 與 Q 2 性能相同，偏壓於主動區時 | VBE | = 0.7 V ， 電流增益趨近無窮大（ β = ∞ ） ，於飽和區時 VCE = 0.2 V 。又 VCC = +5 V ， VEE = -5 V ， R 1 = 5 k Ω ， R 2 = 15 k Ω ， R 3 = R 4 = R 5 = 10 k Ω 。試算標示的電壓 v 1 及 v 2 ，與電流 i 1 及 i 2 。 （ 20 分）

V

EE

V

CC

v

1

v

Q

1

Q

2

R

1

R

2

R

3

R

4

R

5

i

1

i

2

R

3

R

1

R

4

R

5

R

2

VCC

VEE

Q

2

Q

1

i

1

i

2

v

1

v

2

2

• 二、如圖 (a) 之放大器，電晶體 M 1,2 參數： gm = 1 mA/V 及 λ = 0 ， VDD = 5 V ，電流源 I SS = 1 mA ，並聯之電阻 RSS = 1 k Ω ，具有不對稱的負載電阻， RD 1 = 10.1 k Ω ， RD 2 = 9.9 k Ω 。 （每小題 10 分，共 30 分）

•  試算此電路之輸入直流位移電壓（ dc offset voltage ） 。

•  試算此電路之共模抑制比率（ common-mode rejection ratio ） 。

•  將此單級放大器串接如圖 (b) ，輸入小訊號 11 mV 在正端， 9 mV 在負端。試算輸出 之 v 1 及 v 2 電壓分別為多少？

v

in+

v

in

v

out+

v

out

R

D1

R

D2

I

SS

M

1

M

2

V

DD

R

SS

11 mV

v

v

9 mV

(a)

圖

(b)

VDD

RSS

I

SS

RD

1

RD

2

M

1

M

2

vout

vout

vin

vin

v

1

v

2

11 mV

9 mV

1

2

圖

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 全一張 （背面） 16130 16230

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

電子工程、電信工程

科 目：

高等電子電路學研究（包括類比與數位）

• 三、下圖電路可以做為數位電路之正反器使用，當 vin < vIL 時，輸出邏輯 1 ，當 vin > vIH 則輸出邏輯 0 。電晶體參數： 2 450 V A L W C k ox n n μ μ = ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎜ ⎝ ⎛ = ，截止電壓 VTH = 1 V ，及 λ = 0 。電路之 VDD = 5 V ， RD = 5 k Ω 。 （每小題 10 分，共 30 分）

•  試算此電路輸出邏輯 1 之最高輸出電壓 vOH 與邏輯 0 之最低輸出電壓 vOL 。

•  輸入之截止電壓 vIL 與 vIH ，通常定義為電壓轉換曲線上斜率等於 -1 之兩個輸入電 壓，意即 1 = -I O dv dv 之處。試算此電路之截止電壓 vIL 與 vIH 。

•  當此電路輸入訊號為邏輯 0 （電壓 0 V ）與 1 （電壓 VDD ）變化之週期方波，所消 耗之平均功率為多少？

out

V

DD

R

D

v

in

v

VDD

RD

vout

vin

四、試建立用 NAND 邏輯閘設計的 CMOS SR 正反器（ flip-flop ） ，列出其真值表、邏輯 電路與 CMOS 電路。 （ 20 分）

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 16240 全一張 （正面）

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

電信工程

科 目：

數位通信系統研究

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

一、快速傅立葉轉換（ fast Fourier transform, FFT ）廣泛應用於通訊系統中。

（每小題 10 分，共 20 分）

•  試以分時演算法（ decimation-in-time algorithm ）推導其架構。

 以 8 點 FFT 為例，繪製其完整之分時分解流程圖。

提示：

二、一接收器模型如下圖所示：

White noise

w

(

t

)

Signal

g

(

t

)

x

(

t

)

y

(

t

)

y

(

T

)

Sample at

time

t

=

T

Linear time-

invariant filter of

impulse response

h

(

t

)

Σ

其中濾波器輸入 ( ) t x 包含欲接收之信號 ( ) t g 及白雜訊 ( ) t w ， T 表信號期間。設 ( ) t w 之平均值為零，且其功率頻譜密度為 / 2 0 N 。試以數理推導將濾波器最佳化，求其 最佳脈衝響應 ( ) t h ，使得濾波器輸出信號於 T t = 取樣時，可獲致最大之信號雜訊比。 （ 20 分）

∫ -∞ = df ft j f H t h ) π 2 )exp( ( ( )

座號：

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 16240 全一張 （背面）

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

電信工程

科 目：

數位通信系統研究

三、一個二元頻率鍵移（ binary frequency-shift keying, BFSK ）信號如下：

其中 b E 表每一位元之信號能量、 b T 表信號期間、 c f 表載波頻率。

（每小題 10 分，共 20 分）

•  繪製該 BFSK 傳送器之方塊圖。

•  繪製相對之同調接收器。

提示：

) β )sin( α sin( ) β )cos( α cos( ) β α cos( m = ±

• 四、  下圖所示為一個二元對稱通道（ binary symmetric channel ）之轉移機率圖（ transition probability diagram ） ，試求該二元對稱通道之通道容量（ channel capacity ） 。 （ 10 分）

1

p

y

0=0

x

0=0

y

1=1

x

1=1

p

p

1

p

•  下圖所示為一串聯之兩組二元對稱通道，設該兩組二元對稱通道具相同之轉移機 率特性（如  ） ，試求整體串聯系統之整體通道容量。 （ 10 分）

Binary symmetric channel 1 Input Binary symmetric channel 2 Output

• 五、一由下列多項式所生成之迴旋編碼器（ convolution coder ） ，其碼率 1/ 2 = r 、強制長度 （ constraint length ） 3 = K ：

•  編碼器方塊圖。

•  樹狀圖（ tree diagram ） 。

•  籬柵圖（ trellis diagram ） 。

 設接收端收到之訊息為 010001000000 ，試藉由  籬柵圖以 Viterbi 演算法解碼之。