104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 14610 － 19610 30610 全一頁

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

技術類－公務、技術類－關務

科 目：

策略規劃與問題解決

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、團體在做決策時常會出現「團體盲思」 （ groupthink ）的現象，試問何謂團體盲思？ 出現團體盲思的原因為何？組織可以採取那些策略以避免團體盲思？請分別論述 之。 （ 25 分）

• 二、試舉出一則案例，說明如何透過「廣博理性」的決策模式來解決公共問題。 （ 20 分）

• 三、近年來隨著資訊通訊科技的進展，許多先進國家開始實施「遠距辦公」 （ telework ） 的工作模式。

•  何謂遠距辦公？（ 10 分）

•  能否以 SWOT 策略規劃架構，對我國推動遠距辦公研擬可行的方案？（ 20 分）

• 四、政策方案能夠被接納必須考量政治因素，試說明評量政治可行性的重要因素有那 些？又推動政策能夠被接納的政治策略有那些？試分析論述之。 （ 25 分）

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 10120 － 19620

104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ： 各類科－公務、各類別－關務

科 目：

中華民國憲法與英文

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

代號：

30120 、 30620

頁次：

4 － 1

甲、申論題部分：（ 50 分）

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、我國憲法直到憲法增修條文第 10 條第 6 項才規定婦女人格尊嚴，同時司法院大法 官也在多號解釋中提及人性尊嚴，試問人性尊嚴其內容為何？又在我國憲法秩序中 是否具憲法拘束力？並敘明其理由。（ 25 分）

• 二、試從｢責任政治」觀點分析我國憲法上總統、行政院及立法院之關係。（ 25 分）

乙、測驗題部分：（ 50

分） 代號：

2101

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

•  共 25 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 In the garden, soil preparation must aim to reduce, not increase, fertility. A rich soil soon becomes home to ______ weeds which smother less competitive, more attractive plants.

•  ramming

•  compatible

•  comprehensive

•  rampant

• 2 Frida produced her first painting and ______ it to her school boyfriend.

•  dictated

•  dedicated

•  dwelled

•  domesticated

• 3 An international group of forty scientists have made a very surprising ______ about the future. They say that in the next fifty years we can upload our minds to the computer.

•  prediction

•  preoccupation

•  prevention

•  precept

請依下文回答第 4 題至第 8 題

What really makes people rich? Poor people often take in humble food and work with their hands or perform 4 labor, which keeps them in good health. Affordable clothes may look and feel just as good as 5 expensive ones. On the contrary, rich people often sit at desks for long hours, eat at expensive restaurants, and indulge in exquisite 6 . More expensive clothes and shoes always await those who are never 7 and love to compete. Are the rich really rich? Are the poor really poor? If you think of wealth in terms of health or happiness, who is rich and who is poor is not 8 by money.

• 4  manual

•  manifest

•  momentum

•  modification

• 5  magnetically

•  overpriced

•  underestimated

•  efficiently

• 6  delinquencies

•  policies

•  species

•  delicacies

• 7  qualified

•  satisfied

•  anticipated

•  rejuvenated

• 8  deleted

•  domesticated

•  distracted

•  determined

請依下文回答第 9 題至第 13 題

Most people will admit that the relations between various ethnic and racial groups is a potential source of problems for a culturally diverse society such as the United States. Most 9 people will also agree that prejudice plays an important role in the misunderstandings, intolerance, and even hostility that may develop and persist between such groups. If our objective is to minimize these problems, one necessary step is to 10 the issue of prejudice.

Research has clearly established that prejudice exists and 11 a person expressing a prejudiced view may be unaware that it is in fact biased. An interesting experiment, which is often 12 in educational textbooks, was conducted in 1973 to determine the potential effects of prejudice on the judgements of future school-teachers. The researcher made videotapes of three children speaking to an adult. The camera angle was 13 that the children's faces were not visible; however, it was obvious from the tape that the children were speaking and that they were racially different-one was white; one was African American; the third was Mexican American. A soundtrack containing exactly the same conversation in English with the same American voice was added to the tapes. Each tape was played to one of three groups of student teachers. Their task was to judge the correctness of the speech of the child they had seen on the videotape.

• 第 14 題至第 17 題為篇章結構，各題請依文意從四個選項中選出最合適者，答案選用不能重複

There has been a great deal of research into the art of negotiation, and, in particular, into what makes a 'good' negotiator. One point most researchers seem to agree on is that good negotiators try to create a harmonious atmosphere at the start of a negotiation. 14 . Therefore, there may be a willingness on both sides to make concessions. Good negotiators generally wish to reach an agreement which meets the interests of both sides in the long run. 15 . Instead of seeking immediate gains, it is more important to ensure that they do not harm their relationship with the other party. Skillful negotiators are flexible. They do not 'lock themselves' into a position so that they will lose face if they have to compromise. 16 . For example, instead of insisting that they must get a large order only once, they opt for small orders that may help develop long-term corporation with their partners. Successful negotiators do not want a negotiation to break down. If problems arise, they suggest ways of resolving them. 17 . Instead of giving up right away, they keep the communication open, select a few arguments and repeat them. This suggests that tenacity is an important quality. Finally, when the deal is done, they confirm it and close it so that both sides feel satisfied.

• 14  They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counterparts.

•  The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas.

•  They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve.

•  Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

• 15  They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counter-parts.

•  They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve.

•  Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

•  They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal.

• 16  The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas.

•  They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal.

•  They therefore tend to take a long-term view to ensure that the agreement will improve.

•  Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

代號：

10120

－

19620

30120

、

30620

頁次：

4

－

3

• 17  They make an effort to establish a good rapport with their counter-parts.

•  The best negotiators are persuasive, articulate, and persistent on key areas.

•  Next, they listen carefully and check frequently that everything has been understood by both parties.

•  They have a range of objectives, which allow them to make concessions in view of their long term goal.

請依下文回答第 18 題至第 20 題

In 1988, a college dropout named Jonathan Stanley was convinced that government agents were chasing after him. For three days and nights he raced through streets and subway tunnels. After the police took him to a hospital, he finally received effective treatment two years after getting a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. 'My son's life was saved,' his father, Ted Stanley, said. He then created a foundation to support psychiatric research. In July 2014, the Stanley Family Foundation donated $650 million to Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, a research center to which he had earlier donated $100 million. It comes at a time when research into mental illness is sputtering. The Broad Institute timed its announcement of the donation to coincide with the release of the largest analysis ever on the genetics of schizophrenia. The analysis identified more than 100 regions of DNA associated with the disease. Many contain genes involved in just a few biological functions, like pumping calcium into neurons that could help guide the search for treatments. 'For the first time, there's a clear path forward,' said Eric Lander of the Broad Institute. When scientists discovered psychiatric drugs like lithium in the mid-20th century, they did so mostly by accident. For years, they hoped figuring out the action of the drugs would help them understand the causes of the diseases. But they came up empty. Some researchers argued that a better strategy would be to find the genes involved in psychiatric disorders. This approach would give them new molecular targets for drugs they could test. Recent research has found that mutations in the very same gene can cause a wide range of brain disorders, including autism, schizophrenia, and epilepsy. 'We have no idea at all about why that is, and the only way to find out is to do some hard biology - to find out not only which genes matter, but what about them matters,' Dr. Goldstein said. The new study found that many risk variants clustered around specific body functions, like the immune system and calcium transmission in brain cells. To understand their underlying biology, Broad researchers plan to grow neurons with mutations in the genes they have found, to see how they differ from normal cells. They will engineer mutated mice to see how their brains are affected. These studies will be expensive, which is where the Stanley Family Foundation comes in.

• 18 According to the passage, why did Mr. Ted Stanley want to support psychiatric research?

•  His son received effective treatment and recovered.

•  He feared that he would have psychiatric disorder.

•  His son had a nonfunctioning brain for the rest of his life.

•  He feared that there was a government conspiracy involved.

• 19 According to the passage, what of the following is a better strategy to treat psychiatric diseases?

•  To find the real signals.

•  To find the way to pump calcium into the neurons.

•  To find the specific body functions.

•  To find the genes involved in psychiatric disorders.

• 20 According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

•  The donation coincides with the release of the largest analysis ever on the genetics of schizophrenia.

•  The Stanley Family Foundation donated to Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard for just one time.

•  The analysis identified more than 100 regions of DNA associated with schizophrenia.

•  When scientists discovered psychiatric drugs like lithium in the mid-20th century, they did so mostly by accident.

請依下文回答第 21 題至第 25 題

When it comes to construction, builders, even in these technologically advanced times, are often left with three main materials-concrete, steel, and bricks. But some innovative designers are increasingly looking to reuse an unlikely material that the world has in abundance-plastic bottles. Would you live in a bottle building? Before you answer, have a look at the many advantages these structures have.

First and foremost, bottle buildings are low-cost-just think about how little a plastic bottle costs, and you'll get the idea. They are also quite strong and sturdy, as they can bear a heavy load and may resist earthquakes. Bottles also allow natural light into the structure, reducing energy consumption while creating a warm, inviting interior atmosphere.

In Taiwan, where just four percent of plastic bottles are recycled each year, the EcoARK building was built in Taipei using an astonishing 1.5 million plastic bottles. This building was used as an exhibition hall during the 2010 Taipei International Flora Expo, and served as a reminder that, as Taiwan goes through 2.4 billion plastic bottles annually, we must find a way to recycle or reuse them before they present a huge environmental problem.

In the city of San Pablo in the Philippines, dozens of volunteers built a school from plastic bottles filled with liquefied adobe. This could be the start of a new trend in which plastic bottles become the new environmentally friendly material of choice for buildings of the future.

• 21 What is the literal meaning of the underlined idiom in the first paragraph?

•  to expect or hope

•  to classify

• 22 What is the main message of the EcoARK building?

•  Plastic bottles are the best construction material.

•  Some common household items can be effectively reused.

•  People in Taiwan should buy only metal cans from convenience stores.

•  Although they are quite expensive, plastic buildings can be beautiful.

• 23 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for using plastic bottles for construction?

•  They allow more natural light into buildings.

•  They are inexpensive compared to other materials.

•  They can be recycled annually.

•  They do not get damaged easily during natural disasters.

• 24 What does the Philippine example suggest?

•  It will likely cause nations in Asia to outlaw plastic bottle buildings.

•  It should have a major effect on construction projects for corporations.

•  It will probably cause other nations to consider building more schools.

•  It may make bottles the top material for environmentally friendly buildings.

• 25 What is the best title for this passage?

•  to examine or inspect

•  to act or respond quickly

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 15340 全一頁

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

結構工程

科 目：

結構動力分析與耐震設計研究

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、如圖所示兩個相同的單擺以彈簧在 a 處連結，單擺長度為 L ，質量 m ，彈簧常數 k ， 試求此系統頻率為何？請描述各頻率所對應的振幅擺動狀態為何？（ 25 分）

• 二、建築物動力分析時，主要以多振態反應譜疊加法進行，所考慮之振態數目應如何考 量？建築物之基面若置於筏基，且地下室的勁度很高時，又該如何考量？而分析時 常採用 CQC 法則或 SRSS 法則，此二法則適用性有何差異？請說明之。 （ 25 分）

• 三、若有一棟建築物已完工數年，依現行建築物耐震設計規範與解說檢討，其耐震能力 不足，請依結構動力學及地震工程學學理舉出兩種可行的補強策略，並說明其學理 依據及施作時可能會遭遇的問題。 （ 25 分）

• 四、臺灣位於地震帶，故建築物設計時應依規範要求考量構材之耐震細部設計達到韌性 要求，其中一項為柱頭須考量圍束區範圍。在此圍束區範圍內橫向鋼筋配置除了間 距要求外，尚須製作為閉合箍筋，且橫箍筋需有橫向之支撐要求，請說明其相關規 定，並解釋為何要如此規定。 （ 25 分）

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 15230 15330 全一張 （正面）

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

土木工程、結構工程

科 目：

高等工程力學研究（包括材料力學）

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 可以使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、一長為 L =1.6 m 的剛性桿 AB ，鉸接於 A 點，並用兩條垂直纜線支撐於桿身的 C 點及 D 點，詳如圖一所示，兩條纜線的橫截面積相同（ A =20 mm 2 ） ，且材料相同 （ E =200 GPa ） 。在 C 點的纜線長為 0.4 m ， D 點纜線長為 0.8 m 。

•  在 B 點載重 P=970 N 作用下，試求 C 點及 D 點的拉應力。 （ 10 分）

•  試求桿端 B 點的向下位移δ B 。 （ 15 分）

B

• 二、一簡支梁的剪力圖如圖二所示，求該梁的載重並畫出彎矩圖，假設無偶矩作用於該 梁上。 （ 25 分）

圖二

座號：

104 年公務人員升官等考試、 104 年關務人員升官等考試 104 年交通事業公路、港務人員升資考試試題 代號： 15230 15330 全一張 （背面）

等 級：

簡任

類科 （別） ：

土木工程、結構工程

科 目：

高等工程力學研究（包括材料力學）

三、一寬翼型梁詳如圖三，當其受到剪力 V 作用，若截面的尺寸為 b =150 mm 、 t =12 mm 、 h =300 mm 、 h 1=270 mm 及 V=130 kN ，試求：

•  腹板的最大剪應力τ max 。 （ 6 分）

•  腹板的最小剪應力τ min 。 （ 6 分）

•  腹板平均剪應力τ aver 。 （ 6 分）

•  腹板承受的剪力 Vweb 。 （ 7 分）

• 註：忽略腹、翼接合間的導角。

圖三

四、試求圖四中每一段繩索之拉力及距離 y 。 （ 25 分）