• 111 年公務人員特種考試關務人員、身心障礙人員考試及

• 111 年國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試試題

考 試 別：國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等

別：少將轉任考試

類

科：一般行政

科

目：中華民國憲法與英文

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

代號：

70120

70220

頁次：

4 － 1

甲、申論題部分：（

50 分）

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

 本科目除專門名詞或數理公式外，應使用本國文字作答。

• 一、憲法第 13 條規定：人民有信仰宗教之自由。又同法第 20 條規定：人民 有依法律服兵役之義務。試問人民可否以信仰宗教為理由拒服兵役？ （ 25 分）

二、司法院大法官組成憲法法庭。試依我國憲法等法規範之規定，說明司法 院大法官掌理之職權為何？（ 25 分）

• 乙、測驗題部分：（

50 分）

代號： 2701

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

 共 25 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 Disaster relief missions demonstrate to all the allies the willingness to support a in need.

•  friend

•  philosopher

•  doctor

•  soldier

• 2 The potential lack of trust in the group members led to the failure of the joint project.

•  inherent

•  decadent

•  adolescent

•  penitent

• 3 There are always things waiting to be done; the physical and virtual piles of work never get any .

•  smaller

•  sharper

•  safer

•  sadder

• 4 Everything about the country seemed different from what I'd experienced before.

•  utterly

•  vulnerably

•  approximately

•  nearly

• 5 Eye-witness accounts of the fighting differ from police reports of what happened.

•  markedly

•  experimentally

•  ingeniously

•  redundantly

• 6 Pete Townshend, the legendary guitarist of the band The Who , has confessed on his website that he is from a musician's nightmare: he is deaf.

•  refraining

•  restricted

•  suffering

•  disconnected

• 7 Even though the mistake was acknowledged, the travel agency refused to offer for the consumer's loss of time and money.

•  companionship



compensation

•  contamination

•  consumption

• 8 Many students found it extremely uncomfortable when the famous author showed overt against women in his public address yesterday.

•  demonstration

•  discrimination

•  distribution

•  deprivation

• 9 Many successful leaders believe that the beauty of others is that their own power as leaders is not diminished in the process.

•  empowering

•  endangering

•  exposing

•  evaluating

10 has been a very important part in Kevin's life since he enjoys being alone and doing many things without company.

•  Glamour

•  Prestige

•  Revival

•  Solitude

請依下文回答第 11 題至第 15 題

The British government has said that a third of the food the world produces is wasted. It said the high level of food waste in the UK is 11 . Over 7 million tons of food is wasted in the UK every year. A British politician, Neil Parish, said: 'One-third of food produced for human 12 is lost or wasted globally.' The government said there were many 13 to the problem of food waste. First, schools could 14 children's awareness of food waste from a young age. Secondly, supermarkets could sell vegetables that are thrown away because they are the 'wrong' shape. Finally, 'sell-by' dates, 'use-by' dates and 'best before' labels need to change. Perfectly good food is thrown away because of these labels. Neil Parish added that: 'Environmentally, it is a disaster, because energy and resources are wasted in production, only for the food to 15 rotting in landfills where it produces methane--a potent climate-changing gas.'

• 11  desirable

•  unacceptable

•  impractical

•  tolerable

• 12  consumption

•  digestion

•  vegetation

•  habitation

• 13  disadvantages

•  setbacks

•  solutions

•  damages

• 14  rise

•  decrease

•  discharge

•  raise

• 15  end up

•  bring up

•  process

•  reduce

請依下文回答第

16

題至第

20

題

It's snowing, icy, and cold when you realize your gas tank in your car is empty. You stop at the gas station and face the elements while you watch the numbers on the pump slowly climb. It feels like 16 your tank is taking forever. In the meantime, you're freezing and irritated. If you are old enough, you may be thinking back to and 17 the days of full-service gas stations and attendants who would pump the gas for you, leaving you toasty warm in the car.

Unfortunately, gas stations are just one industry that has abandoned full-service offerings to their customers. The term 'full service' can 18 from company to company, but in general, full service business provides for all of the reasonable needs and wants of a customer within their particular industry. It means going beyond the basic expectations of providing a single service and offering greater options for your customers.

As a business owner or manager, understanding what services your customers 19 is critical. However, taking that level of service further and providing greater care for your customers will help build customer loyalty, strengthen your brand, and increase 20 . When determining what services to offer, you must look at the added cost and figure out how those costs will be covered.

請依下文回答第

21

題至第

25

題

Some people have a sense of the market and some people don't. Steven Spielberg has it. Lee Iacocca of Chrysler has it, and so does Judith Krantz in her way. Woody Allen has it, for the audience he cares about reaching, and so does Sylvester Stallone, at the other end of the 21 . Some people criticize Stallone, but you've got to give him 22 . I mean, here's a man who already created two of the all-time-great characters, Rocky and Rambo.

I like to think I have the 23 . That's why I don't hire a lot of number-crunchers, and I don't trust fancy marketing surveys. I do my own surveys and draw my own conclusions. I'm a great believer in asking everyone for an opinion before I make a decision. It's a natural 24 . If I'm thinking a piece of property, I'll ask the people who live nearby about the area--what they think of the schools and crime and the shops. When I'm in another city and I take a cab, I'll always make it a point to ask the cabdriver questions. I ask and I ask and I ask, until I begin to get a gut feeling about something. And that's when I make a decision.

I don't take critics too seriously-except when they stand in the way of my projects. In my opinion, they mostly write to impress each other, and they're just as 25 by fashions as anyone else. One week it is spare glass towers they are praising to the skies. The next week, they've rediscovered old, and they're celebrating detail and ornamentation. What very few of them have is any feeling for what the public wants. Which is why, if these critics ever try to become developers, they'd be terrible failures.

111 年公務人員特種考試關務人員、身心障礙人員考試及 111 年國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試試題

考 試 別：國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等

別：少將轉任考試

類

科：一般行政

科

目：行政學研究

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

代號：

70130

70230

頁次：

1 － 1

※注意：

•  禁止使用電子計算器。

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

•  本科目除專門名詞或數理公式外，應使用本國文字作答。

• 一、我國公務員的人事制度是採品位制，還是職位分類制？請分別說明兩者的 意義與優缺點。（ 25 分）

• 二、何謂「公共服務動機」？公共服務動機通常包含那些主要的面向？ （ 25 分）

• 三、請根據赫茲伯格（ Frederick Herzberg ）的兩因理論，分別解釋工作中的「激 勵因子」與「保健因子」的意義。（ 15 分）下列 A-E 五個概念中，那些屬 於激勵因子？那些算是保健因子？（ 10 分）

A. 加薪 B. 人際關係 C. 成就感 D. 工作的意義 E. 工作環境

• 四、根據多數民主國家的憲法，「公共行政」可歸為政府分權下的那一權？請 說明公共行政與行政、立法、司法等各權之間的運作有什麼關係？ （ 25 分）

111 年公務人員特種考試關務人員、身心障礙人員考試及

111 年國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試試題

考 試 別：國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等

別：少將轉任考試

類

科：一般行政

科

目：問題分析與解決

考試時間：

3 小時

座號：

代號：

70110

70210

頁次：

1 － 1

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

•  本科目除專門名詞或數理公式外，應使用本國文字作答。

• 一、針對嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎（ COVID-19 ）的防疫策略，目前臺灣進入關鍵 的時刻。究竟要清零或與病毒共存，各自都有擁護者。請問這兩種防疫策 略有何優點與缺點？那一種防疫政策對臺灣才是最正確的？請提出具體 理由。（ 25 分）

• 二、 2021 年臺灣全年新生兒數剩下 15 萬多人，比起上個世紀 50 至 90 年代每 年超過 40 萬的新生兒，將近少 2/3 的新生兒數。請問「少子化」會造成臺 灣社會那些重要的問題？如何有效解決臺灣「少子化」現象？（ 25 分）

• 三、全球氣候正在發生重大變遷，也就是全球暖化現象，將導致大氣和海洋變 暖、積雪和冰蓋面積減少、海平面逐漸上升。請問產生全球氣候變遷的主 要因素為何？臺灣應該有那些積極的作為？（ 25 分）

• 四、 2022 年 2 月 24 日凌晨，俄羅斯兵分四路，分別從東、南、北、東北四個 方向入侵烏克蘭，引起國內熱烈討論是否回復為期 1 年的義務役。請就你 的專業，評論兵役延長這個政策是否恰當？除了兵役延長，還有其他方案 可增強臺灣的國防力量嗎？（ 25 分）