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114年 國際經濟商務特考三等 國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組|歷屆考題全文(機器抽取)

114年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員考試、114年公務人員特種考試國際經濟商務人員考試、114年公務人員特種考試民航人員考試、114年公務人員特種考試原住民族考試國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組類科歷屆試題,含國文(作文與測驗)、英文(含國際貿易政策與法規命令之摘譯與論述)、基礎法學(民法、刑法及行政法)等 6 科。

共 6 份考卷|資料來源:依政府資料開放授權條款(OGDL)第 1 版利用,資料集:考選部歷屆試題(data.gov.tw dataset 170565),114 年。

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國文(作文與測驗)

下載:題目 答案

代號:

10110-11010

30110-30410

40110-40310

頁次: 4 - 1

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別:外交人員、國際經濟商務人員、民航人員考試

別:三等考試

類科組別:各類科組

目:國文(作文與測驗)

考試時間:

2 小時

座號:

※注意:

 禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、作文部分:( 80

分)甲、申論題部分:

 不得於試卷上書寫姓名或座號。

艾希莉.史塔爾( Ashley Stahl )在書中寫到:上大學之前,常常有人 告訴我: 「跟隨熱情」 或 「做你熱愛的事」 。當時我並不明白 「熱愛的事物」 和「真實自我」 ,兩者之間有很大的差別。我熱愛許多事物,我愛杯子蛋 糕,也愛按摩,但老實說,我可能將會是個糟糕的杯子蛋糕師傅,或者差 勁的按摩師。什麼是人生轉向( You Turn )?就是當你願意誠實面對自己 人生某些核心領域行不通後,從而產生轉變的關鍵時刻。在那一刻,你領 悟到唯一比踏入未知更糟的,就是陷在目前的困境之中,包括愛情、工作、 友誼等等。最重要的是,當你選擇聆聽心中安靜而睿智的聲音,沒有壓抑 它,而是尊重它,同時下定決心,跳脫正在走的那條路,轉而踏上一個全 新、未知的方向。

對於「人生轉向」的思考:如何訂定人生的方向?又如何發現方向 有所偏差?若要進行轉向,自身要克服的難題以及準備有那些?請以 「我對人生轉向的思考」為題,作文一篇,必須對上文「熱愛的事物」 和 「真實自我」 的思考作為起點,並結合生活經驗或所見所思,文長不限。

乙、測驗題部分:(

20 分)

新居落成: 「屋上建瓴,恭喜新居落成。」

下列敘述,何者最貼近本文意旨?

最適合用來說明上文的是:

下列說明,最切近上文主旨的是:

頁次:

4 - 2

代號:

1101

代號:

10110-11010

30110-30410

40110-40310

頁次:

4 - 3

下列選項,何者最不符合上文旨意?

相機產生有意義的畫面,是因攝影者使用的機械不同 照片凝止自然界的運動,使觀看者更能體會自然之美 照片讓觀看者情緒震動,因相機能捕捉動物瞬間樣態 影像在藝術與科學間飛翔,透過心靈喚醒自然界之美

下列選項,最符合上文敘述的是:

根據上文, 「我」的情感轉折為:

 由焦慮而憤怒,轉而雀躍

 由緊張而期待,轉而歡喜

頁次:

4 - 4

根據上文,下列選項何者最符合文意?

有關上文形式與內涵,下列敘述何者正確?

英文(含國際貿易政策與法規命令之摘譯與論述)

下載:題目 答案

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別:國際經濟商務人員考試

別:三等考試

類科組別:國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組

目:英文(含國際貿易政策與法規命令之摘譯與論述)

考試時間:

2 小時

座號:

※注意:禁止使用電子計算器。

40 分)

 不必抄題,作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上,於本試題上作答者,不予計分。  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

一、英譯中:請將下面這段英文譯成正確、流暢的中文。 ( 10 分)

Research shows that trade openness can increase women's incomes and consumption. Eliminating import tariffs raises the average real income for female-headed households compared with male-headed households in more than three-quarters of the 54 developing economies analyzed. On average, real income gains reaped by removing import tariffs would be 2.5 percent greater for households headed by women than for those headed by men. In countries such as Burkina Faso and Cameroon, this increase is equivalent to one year's spending on education or health.

Opening up to trade therefore benefits women in developing economies because it expands the sectors where women work, reduces prices for the goods women consume, and allows firms that are more productive to grow. Increased competition generated by trade also makes it costlier to discriminate against women, which narrows the wage gap and improves working conditions for women.

近期美國商務部為了強化貿易救濟措施之執行,針對反傾銷稅及 平衡稅規則進行重要的修法,該修正草案已於 2024 年 4 月 24 日生 效。本次重要的修正包括了政府不作為概念之提出、特殊市場狀況要 件之明確化及處理跨國補貼之問題等。修法呈現出美國貿易法為反映 全球貿易現況所做的努力,也提供其國內產業得以對抗不公平貿易之 有力工具。首先,政府不作為之概念係將外國政府怠於執行勞動、環 境、智慧財產權等保護重要權力之法規情況,視為對企業賦予利益之 行為。由於此一不作為會降低企業之生產成本進而對國際貿易造成不 公平,因此美國在此次修法中特別將此概念納入衡量。其次,本次修 法更詳細規範反傾銷法中之特殊市場狀況要件之適用,包含將政府不 作為所造成之成本扭曲現象納入替代價格及比較基準的衡量因素中。

代號:

30440

頁次:

6 - 2

乙、測驗題部分:(

代號:

4304

1 A detailed will be provided so people will know exactly the interesting places to visit one week before the trip.

3 COVID-19 has the globe in ways we could never have imagined, and the automotive industry is no exception.

7 Unlike grains, which undergo extensive milling or other processing, whole grains are sold for consumption with their bran and other constituents intact.

9 The positions of Earth's landmasses relative to one another 250 million years ago bear little resemblance to what they are today because they are not .

autopsy

confession

請依下文回答第 21 題至第 25 題:

Democracy depends on a vibrant press dedicated to informing the electorate and holding the powerful to account. Yet, American newsrooms have suffered a 21 decline in recent years. Since 2004, more than 2,100 newspapers have closed up shop, 22 more than half of US counties without a daily newspaper. As Jill Lepore painfully laments, newspaper after newspaper 'cut news 23 , or shrank the paper's size, or stopped producing a print edition, or did all of that, and it still wasn't enough.' Indicative of the industry's severe economic 24 , the market valuation of major daily newspapers, including the Boston Globe/Worcester Telegram & Gazette, Chicago Sun-Times , and Minneapolis Star Tribune , dropped by more than 90% between the 1990s and early 2010s. Throughout the industry, newsroom employment fell by 47% from 2004 to 2018, and the 25 has continued since. Two areas of reporting that are vital to democratic governance have been especially hard hit: original, investigative journalism and local news reports.

請依下文回答第 26 題至第 30 題:

There are examples from industry where presumption of the self-interest model yields inferior results. In the early 1980s, after a long history of low productivity, low quality products, and low employee job satisfaction, a GM plant in California shut down its operation. Shortly thereafter, it entered a venture with Toyota called the New United Motor Manufacturing, Inc. (NUMMI). Under this new merger, GM provided the plant and Toyota took over the management. The central difference between the old GM plant and the NUMMI plant was their management structure. Toyota's success in the automotive industry has been attributed to its innovation in management and to its shift away from the GM assembly line model and presumption of self-interest to an emphasis on other values such as teamwork.

Advances in the evolutionary theory also challenge the selfish actor model. A central puzzle for evolution has been to explain how 'altruism,' understood in the biological context to impose a fitness cost on its actor and confer a benefit to its recipient, could have evolved in nature. Given that natural selection selects against fitness-decreasing traits, it seems that altruism-the disposition to sacrifice oneself for the good of the others-ought to have been eliminated. Darwin suggested that traits that work to the detriment of the individual could evolve if they were traits that benefitted the group to which that individual belonged. According to this hypothesis (known as 'group selection'), some behaviors or traits evolved because members of groups containing those traits did better than members of groups that did not. While altruistic behaviors may be individually disadvantageous compared to selfish behaviors at the individual level, groups of altruistic individuals will be at a selective advantage over groups of selfish individuals.

請依下文回答第 31 題至第 35 題:

In the brave new world of genetic engineering, Dean DellaPenna, a plant biochemist at Michigan State University, envisions this cornucopia: tomatoes and broccoli bursting with cancer-fighting chemicals and vitamin-enhanced crops of rice, sweet potatoes, and cassava to help nourish the poor. He sees wheat, soy, and peanuts free of allergens, bananas that deliver vaccines, and vegetable oils so loaded with therapeutic ingredients that doctors 'prescribe' them for patients at risk for cancer and heart disease. DellaPenna believes that genetically engineered foods are the key to the next wave of advances in agriculture and health.

While DellaPenna and many others see great potential in the products of this new biotechnology, some see uncertainty, or even danger. In North America and Europe, the value and impact of genetically engineered food crops have become the subjects of intense debate, provoking reactions from unbridled optimism to fervent political opposition.

Most people in the United States don't realize that they've been eating genetically engineered foods since the mid-1990s. And in fact, genetic modification is much older than that, but the technique of genetic engineering is new and quite different from conventional breeding. Traditional breeders cross related organisms whose genetic makeups are similar. In so doing, they transfer tens of thousands of genes. By contrast, today's genetic engineers can transfer just a few genes at a time between species that are distantly related or not related at all.

Whether biotech foods will deliver on their promise of eliminating world hunger and bettering the lives of all remains to be seen. Their potential is enormous, yet they carry risks and we may pay for accidents or errors in judgment in ways we cannot yet imagine. However, the biggest mistake of all would be to blindly reject or endorse this new technology. If we analyze carefully how, where, and why we introduce genetically altered products, and if we test them thoroughly and judge them wisely, we can weigh their risks against their benefits to those who need them most.

請依下文回答第 36 題至第 40 題:

One of the consequences of increased globalization and outsourcing is an increasingly tenuous relationship between employers and employees. In 2009, the US Department of Labor estimated that, by the age of 38, the average American worker will have had between 10 and 14 jobs. The statistics also shows that 1 in 4 workers is working for a different company from a year ago, and that half are working for a different company from five years ago. This statistics is similar in other places like Western Europe and Asia.

Not only are people increasingly changing jobs, but many do not even have jobs in the traditional sense as many businesses choose forming contract relationships over hiring new employees. This significantly complicates work relationships: many employers have very little contact with the people who do much of the work for their organizations and many workers have very little contact with the companies they work for because they are often hired on a part-time temporary basis.

Because the business environment is constantly changing in unpredictable ways, workers have to be flexible and adaptable. They need to constantly 're-invent' themselves and use these 're-invented' selves to go out and find new work to do. People are increasingly taking what is known as a 'portfolio' approach to their careers-an approach based on almost constant self-promotion and self-invention as works cope with less secure employment situations and quickly changing job markets.

This is an area where literacy practices associated with online social networking become important for workers. Workers who are successful at moving easily from one job to another or at gaining lucrative contract work are those who are able to effectively make use of the 'strong weak ties' in their social networks, and those with the impression management skills to create 'profiles' which bring together evidence of past achievements and experiences in effective and creative ways that command the attention of potential employers. It should be clear by now that many of the literacy practices necessary for success in the 'new work order' are very different from those people used to get ahead in traditional market-based organizations.

21  prehistoric  preliminary  precipitous  prerequisite
22  worsening  withholding  leading  leaving
23  coverage  subscription  ecosystem  application
24  dashboard  distress  complexity  convention
25  hypocrisy  heritage  hemorrhage  hybridity

基礎法學(民法、刑法及行政法)

下載:題目 答案

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別:國際經濟商務人員考試

別:三等考試

類科組別:國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組

目:基礎法學(民法、刑法及行政法)

考試時間:

1 小時

※注意:

 本試題為單一選擇題,請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

 甲於發見詐欺時,無論過了多久均得撤銷其意思表示

 以丙明知詐欺事實或可得而知者為限,甲始得撤銷其意思表示

 甲得於發見詐欺後, 6 個月內向法院請求撤銷其意思表示

 甲之意思表示無效

 百貨公司陳列已標價商品販售,是為要約

 百貨公司發送特價商品廣告傳單,是為要約

 相對人將表意人之要約擴張或限制而承諾者,視為拒絕原要約而為新要約

 相對人將表意人之要約為其他變更而承諾者,視為拒絕原要約而為新要約

 出賣人須擔保鄰地所有人就所出售之土地,對買受人不得主張袋地通行權

 出賣人不知所出售之物有瑕疵,仍應負瑕疵擔保責任

 買受人於契約成立時,知有權利之瑕疵者,出賣人仍負瑕疵擔保之責

 買賣標的物有物之瑕疵時,需經出賣人同意,買受人才能主張減少價金

 委任人乙得不經受任人甲之同意,將處理委任事務之請求權,讓與第三人

 委任人乙得隨時終止委任契約,受任人甲則不得隨時終止委任契約

 贈與契約成立後,甲因輕過失致該機車滅失,甲對乙負給付不能之責任

座號:

代號:

2304

頁次:

6 - 1

代號:

2304

頁次:

6 - 2

甲、乙兩人不需得丙之同意,即可將共有土地設定抵押權予丁

 共有土地為辛無權占有時,甲不需得乙、丙同意,可單獨對辛提起請求返還所有物之訴

甲、乙兩人不需得丙之同意,即可自行決定共有土地之管理方法

 胎兒 D 無繼承權

 已滿 18 歲之甲可授權乙代理至公證人丙之事務所,做成公證遺囑

 公證人甲為乙公證遺囑時,不需要見證人

 罪刑法定原則僅適用於普通刑法,不適用於有特殊任務之特別刑法

 習慣法亦為刑法之重要法源,應無條件承認其效力

 拘束人身自由之保安處分,係以行為時之法律為斷

 明確性原則僅適用於犯罪之成立要件,不適用於刑罰之種類與範圍

 危險犯中是否有危險之判斷,屬於違法性層次問題

 抽象危險犯之成立,須判斷個案中是否有具體危險

 放火燒燬現供人使用之住宅,無須判斷是否導致具體危險,即構成公共危險罪

 放火燒燬停放於他人家門前之機車,無須判斷是否導致具體危險,即構成公共危險罪

 須先判斷行為人有無責任能力,始判斷行為是否具違法性

 正當防衛屬於阻卻罪責事由

 欠缺不法意識係影響罪責

 犯罪故意係構成責任能力要素之一

 甲為 5 歲乙之父,乙玩耍時掉落河中,甲不施以救援以致乙淹死,甲構成殺人罪

 甲偶然遇見因車禍倒地淌血的乙,怕耽誤正事逕自離去,乙後因未獲救援而死,甲不構成殺人罪  甲約好友乙到湍急溪流泛舟,乙不慎掉入河中,甲逕自離去,乙因未獲救援而溺死,甲不構成殺 人罪

 甲為泳池救生員,見泳客乙溺水不施以救援,乙因而溺死,甲構成殺人罪

 正當防衛之要件為現在有責侵害,故對於 7 歲兒童之攻擊不能實施正當防衛

 正當防衛之構成,原則上無須考慮保全之法益與犧牲之法益間的衡平關係

 對於自己故意或過失挑起之防衛情境,不可無限制地主張正當防衛

 正當防衛之成立,必須選擇眾多有效防衛手段中侵害最小的手段

 依實務見解,預備犯亦可成立犯罪中止

 行為人著手於殺人之實行,死亡結果雖有發生,但不可歸責於行為人,其成立殺人未遂罪

 行為人動心起念殺人之後,於著手實行殺人前之所有行為,均構成預備殺人罪

 行為人雖無故意,但若著手實行犯罪,亦無礙於未遂犯之構成

 甲告知乙若不與甲性交將遭鬼魅纏身,乙內心害怕便從之,不構成刑法第 221 條第 1 項強制性交罪  甲趁乙睡著時偷摸乙的生殖器,構成刑法第 224 條強制猥褻罪

 甲對乙強制性交時,以智慧型手機錄下過程,構成刑法第 222 條第 1 項加重強制性交罪

 甲與 14 歲之乙合意性交,構成刑法第 221 條第 1 項強制性交罪

 公然侮辱已死之人,因該人已死並無人格權,故不構成犯罪

 以涉及私德之事誹謗他人,縱然該事屬於真實,亦構成刑法第 310 條之罪

 於電話中辱罵他人髒話,不構成刑法第 309 條之罪

 散布流言損害他人商業信用,構成刑法第 313 條之罪

代號:

2304

頁次:

6 - 4

 甲即使向檢察官撤回告訴,檢察官仍可起訴

 乙為蒐集甲侵權行為的證據而架設攝影機,仍不能阻卻違法

 乙並未隱匿架設攝影機之事,並非刑法上的「竊錄」 ,僅屬民事侵權行為

 由於護照屬於特種文書,故偽造護照罪之法定刑較普通偽造公文書罪為重

停止條件之附款

解除條件之附款

附有終期之附款

附有始期之附款

代號:

2304

頁次:

6 - 6

 新證據僅指行政處分作成時即已存在之證據

 發生新事實係指原處分作成後始發生之新事實

 末日為星期日、國定假日或其他休息日者,以該日之次日為期間之末日

始日不計入

 末日為星期六者,不列入計算,而以次星期一上午 10 : 00 為期間末日

 信賴保護原則

 明確性原則

 對清寒學生提供之助學貸款

 維持匯率所參與之外匯市場操作

 臺北捷運公司從事之載送客人行為

 環境部委託機車行檢驗排氣

 應裁處新臺幣 3 萬元至 15 萬元罰鍰

 應裁處新臺幣 1 萬元至 5 萬元罰鍰

 竹北市公所

 不予處罰

 應裁處新臺幣 1 萬 5 千元至 7 萬 5 千元罰鍰

 內政部法規會

 環境部訴願審議委員會

國際法(含國際公法、條約締結法、維也納條約法公約)

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30460

代號:

頁次:

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員 、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

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考 試 別:國際經濟商務人員考試

別:三等考試

類科組別:國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組

目:國際法(含國際公法、條約締結法、維也納條約法公約)

考試時間:

2 小時

座號:

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不必抄題,作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上,於本試題上作答者,不予計分。 本科目除專門名詞或數理公式外,應使用本國文字作答。

國際經濟學(國際貿易理論及實務、國際金融理論)

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30450

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1

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員 、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別:國際經濟商務人員考試

別:三等考試

類科組別:國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組

目:國際經濟學(國際貿易理論及實務、國際金融理論)

考試時間:

2 小時

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國際經濟法與世界貿易組織之爭端解決

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30430

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114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員 、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別:國際經濟商務人員考試

別:三等考試

類科組別:國際經濟商務人員類科國際經貿法律組

目:國際經濟法與世界貿易組織之爭端解決

考試時間:

2 小時

座號:

※注意:

 禁止使用電子計算器。

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