代號：

10110-11010

30110-30410

40110-40310

頁次： 4 － 1

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員、國際經濟商務人員、民航人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：各類科組

科

目：國文（作文與測驗）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

•  本科目試題包括作文及測驗兩部分，請妥適分配各題作答時間。

甲、作文部分：（ 80

分）甲、申論題部分：

•  作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，並以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆由左至右 橫式作答，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

 不得於試卷上書寫姓名或座號。

艾希莉．史塔爾（ Ashley Stahl ）在書中寫到：上大學之前，常常有人 告訴我： 「跟隨熱情」 或 「做你熱愛的事」 。當時我並不明白 「熱愛的事物」 和「真實自我」 ，兩者之間有很大的差別。我熱愛許多事物，我愛杯子蛋 糕，也愛按摩，但老實說，我可能將會是個糟糕的杯子蛋糕師傅，或者差 勁的按摩師。什麼是人生轉向（ You Turn ）？就是當你願意誠實面對自己 人生某些核心領域行不通後，從而產生轉變的關鍵時刻。在那一刻，你領 悟到唯一比踏入未知更糟的，就是陷在目前的困境之中，包括愛情、工作、 友誼等等。最重要的是，當你選擇聆聽心中安靜而睿智的聲音，沒有壓抑 它，而是尊重它，同時下定決心，跳脫正在走的那條路，轉而踏上一個全 新、未知的方向。

對於「人生轉向」的思考：如何訂定人生的方向？又如何發現方向 有所偏差？若要進行轉向，自身要克服的難題以及準備有那些？請以 「我對人生轉向的思考」為題，作文一篇，必須對上文「熱愛的事物」 和 「真實自我」 的思考作為起點，並結合生活經驗或所見所思，文長不限。

乙、測驗題部分：（

20 分）

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  共 10 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 下列情境語句，何者用法最為恰當？

• 

新居落成： 「屋上建瓴，恭喜新居落成。」

•  活動開幕： 「感謝各位的蒞臨，讓這次的展覽可以厚往薄來。」

•  榮退餐會： 「恭喜您可以自在逍遙，從今以後可以快意恩仇了。」

•  婚禮祝賀： 「在這兩家合婚的大好日子，要祝福新人喜結良緣、花好月圓。」

• 2 「不要忘記生命才是創作中最重要的一環。在我們對戲劇理論抱持激情的時候，記 得要先對生命抱持激情。對生命敏感，對人好奇，對現行的世界保有批判的態度， 同時擁有廣納包容的胸襟。」

下列敘述，何者最貼近本文意旨？

•  人要正向思考，不能輕言放棄生命

•  好的編劇不僅熟知理論，也對生活周遭充滿關注與熱情

•  為人當有雅量，不該對別人好奇，凡事包容體諒即是尊重

•  教師教導戲劇理論時不能僅照本宣科，也應教學生認真生活

• 3 「歷史從來都有些勢利眼。歷史的一切總要透過『層積堆疊』 ，經過『集體記憶』的 萃取純化，方才得以逐漸定型。然而，在此『歷史造山運動』過程之中，歷史的光 圈很容易只集中在『歷史時刻』 ，相對地， 『時刻之前』的脈絡面貌，卻常常會被有 意無意地遺忘或改變了。」

最適合用來說明上文的是：

•  人類歷史經過漫長時間累積，是給後世的智慧結晶

•  過往的歷史充滿許多偏見，編修史書尤須格外謹慎

•  閱讀歷史如果僅集中特定時刻，容易忽略前後脈絡

•  歷史是屬於不同族群的集體記憶，應注意地方差異

• 4 「別忘了這是個國際化的時代。到哪裡都看得到同樣的連鎖速食店、同樣的二十四 小時便利商店、同樣的好萊塢電影海報。完全陌生的角落正逐漸從這個世界上消失。 在這樣的時代我們怎麼可能還有完全的流浪？像馬可波羅、哥倫布那樣，踏上一塊 完全沒有線索可循的土地，連送信回家的信差都沒有，在我們這個時代已經越來越 像則神話。在這個所有角落越來越像的世界裡，怎麼可能還有完全的流浪？」

下列說明，最切近上文主旨的是：

•  人們渴望流浪的感覺

•  最好的旅行是如同探險家一般地發現新世界

•  世界趨向高度同質化，因此人們認識在地就等於認識了全世界

•  全球化之下，各地過多的文化複製空間所帶來的熟悉感，將影響人們的旅行經驗

頁次：

4 － 2

代號：

1101

代號：

10110-11010

30110-30410

40110-40310

頁次：

4 － 3

• 5 「攝影者開始發現自然界的詩意後便停不下來，畢竟捕捉動物一瞬間運動狀態的不 只是機械，還是心靈。美的喚醒如此獨特，以至於同樣一台機械交給不同的人將獲 致不同的結果，而同樣一張照片帶給觀看者的情緒震動，也絕對不是那些一開始希 望相機為科學理性服務的人所能理解的。」

下列選項，何者最不符合上文旨意？

• 

• 

• 

• 

相機產生有意義的畫面，是因攝影者使用的機械不同 照片凝止自然界的運動，使觀看者更能體會自然之美 照片讓觀看者情緒震動，因相機能捕捉動物瞬間樣態 影像在藝術與科學間飛翔，透過心靈喚醒自然界之美

• 6 「後來我聽說，拉小提琴和中提琴的樂手，也會得同樣的毛病。他們的手因為長時 間在把絃上緊壓琴弦，都會長出厚繭來，但究竟比不上大提琴，因為大提琴的把位 較寬而琴弦較粗的緣故。另外低音提琴的把位更長、琴弦更粗，但一是低音提琴演 奏的機會不多，一是低音提琴很多時候是撥弦用來作打拍子的樂器，所以低音大提 琴手得這個毛病可能不太嚴重。不過據音樂界的朋友說，手指上長厚皮，在弦樂演 奏家身上來講，是再正常不過的事了。還有一種『形象』極為優美的樂器 --豎琴， 是一種純粹撥弦的樂器，演奏豎琴，須用十指撥弦，因此豎琴演奏家勢必十指都會 長出繭來，比起大提琴家，他們付的代價可能更大呢。」

下列選項，最符合上文敘述的是：

•  演奏琴弦最粗的低音提琴，手指長的繭也最厚

•  演奏把位越窄的弦樂器，手指就越容易長出厚繭

•  豎琴家往往十指長繭，主要是因為豎琴的琴弦最多

•  低音大提琴的演奏特點，可能會減輕手指長繭的程度

• 7 「回到屋裡，我輕腳輕手，一溜煙跑到樓上躲進自己房中去了。我不敢張聲，生怕 他們曉得我挨老師留堂。哪曉得才過一下子，胖子大娘就扯起喉嚨上樓來找我了， 胖子大娘說是矮子舅媽帶了一個叫玉卿嫂的女人來帶我，在下面等著呢。矮子舅媽 能帶什麼好人來？我頂討厭她。我下樓到客廳裡時，一看見站在矮子舅媽旁邊的玉 卿嫂卻不由得倒抽了一口氣，好爽淨，一身月白色的短衣長褲，腳底一雙帶絆的黑 布鞋，一頭烏油油的頭髮學那廣東婆媽鬆鬆的挽了一個髻兒，一雙杏仁大的白耳墜 子卻剛剛露在髮腳子外面，淨扮的鴨蛋臉，水秀的眼睛……」

根據上文， 「我」的情感轉折為：

•  由膽怯而厭惡，轉而驚訝

 由焦慮而憤怒，轉而雀躍

•  由拘謹而抗拒，轉而驚嚇

 由緊張而期待，轉而歡喜

頁次：

4 － 4

• 8 「大部分人的語言能力主要由左半腦負責。語言產生和布氏區（ Broca's area ）有關， 語言理解和威氏區（ Wernicke's area ）有關，這兩個區域之間藉由弓形束（ arcuate fasciculus ）獲得聯繫。語言學習具有關鍵期，但學習第二語言並非越早越好！語言 學習占用大腦資源和時間，除非在兩種語言都有豐富學習機會的雙語環境下，否則 應該到認知功能與大腦發展差不多後，懂得運用學習的策略和技巧，再來學第二語 言會更恰當！」

根據上文，下列選項何者最符合文意？

•  人類的語言功能完全由左半腦中的布氏區、威氏區負責

•  布氏區處理語言理解，威氏區與語言產生有關，弓形束聯繫兩者

•  學習者如無雙語環境，最好等大腦認知功能較成熟後，再學習第二語言

•  語言學習具有關鍵期，三歲之後發音方法固定，因此學習第二語言越早越好

• 9 「法語的松鼠毛（ Vair ）音同於玻璃（ Verre ） 。在十七世紀，蘇格蘭、愛爾蘭、加泰 隆尼亞（在今西班牙）一帶，玻璃是罕見且珍貴的，於是，一六九七年法國作家夏 爾．佩羅（ Charles Perrault ）在記述灰姑娘故事時便訛誤（或改編？）為玻璃鞋了。 人們都愛童話故事，因為真正的生活總是那樣的蒼白與無奈，在故事中尋找一個浪 漫美好的夢，即使明知是虛假的，我們都享受那樣被矇迷的片刻啊！」 根據上文，下列選項最符合文意的是：

•  日常生活中，我們常常運用音同，而創造出許多新鮮的詞彙

•  許多習以為常的事物，若從語源上追溯可以發覺不同的面貌

•  大部分的人都喜歡童話故事，因可以陶醉在浪漫愛情的時光

•  灰姑娘的童話故事，玻璃鞋的使用有誤，造成內容蒼白無奈

• 10 「身為偉大的候鳥族群，我們是活在北方凍土帶的環頸鴴……皮諾查下意識裡一直 認為，這些不肯回去的環頸鴴，已嚴重地觸犯祖先的規範，他們的行徑全然是他種 留鳥的習性，汙蔑了所有環頸鴴。但環頸鴴是和平的鳥類，縱使犯了這麼大的忤逆 罪，他們仍尊重這些『留鳥』的選擇。不過，部族的長老們憂心地意識到，這是明 顯的退化；他們若不繼續維持兩地來去的傳統，環頸鴴將無法和其他同型的鴴鷸科 水鳥競爭，未來有可能導致滅族的危機。過去，受到傳統教育的訓示，回到北方的 環頸鴴們也恥於談留鳥環頸鴴的問題。雖然他們在南方經常與留鳥一起相處，候鳥 們甚少細心探究過留鳥的形成原由。久而久之，每到春天後，就有一群留鳥滯留南 方，繁衍下一代。他們形成另一種傳統，對候鳥的遷徙反而覺得不可思議。」

有關上文形式與內涵，下列敘述何者正確？

•  文中具體展現了人類與動物的互動

•  強調人類對「自然」已然造成某些改變與影響的事實

•  作者在環頸鴴的行為與習性的基礎上賦予其「人格」 ，藉此揣測候鳥、留鳥之謎

•  上文主旨在於藉由鳥類的視角演繹人類的價值觀，並非帶領讀者理解環頸鴴的 生態

代號：

11040

頁次：

1

－

1

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員 、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：外交實務英文寫作（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作 答者，不予計分。

• 一、 The United States has proposed hosting a Putin-Zelenskyy meeting in Budapest, while also intensifying tariff measures against European allies. Draft an official statement of approximately 500 words, analyzing how these moves may affect NATO cohesion and European stability, and how Taiwan should calibrate its diplomacy accordingly. (25 points)

• 二、 Compare the US withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership, its return to the Paris Agreement, and its current tariff diplomacy. Draft an official commentary of approximately 500 words, assessing which approach best serves global stability, and what lessons Taiwan should draw for its foreign policy. (25 points)

• 三、 India and China have cautiously eased tensions despite unresolved border disputes. Draft a General Assembly resolution that emphasizes international adjudication, and regional dialogue. Include at least six operative clauses. (25 points)

• 四、 With the UN Secretary-General describing Gaza as a 'horror show,' write an official commentary of approximately 500 words that weighs humanitarian intervention against state sovereignty. Reflect on how Taiwan should approach similar debates in the UN system. (25 points)

代號：

11030

頁次：

4

－

1

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際關係與近代外交史（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（

75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作 答者，不予計分。

•  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• The Israel-Hamas conflict since October 7, 2023, has had a profound impact on the Middle East and the world. If we believe the policies developed based upon the Power Transition Theory are likely to solve the aforementioned conflict, then:

•  Please identify the basic arguments of the Power Transition Theory. (10 points)

•  Based upon the arguments above, provide a set of policy solutions that can solve the aforementioned conflict efficiently. (10 points)

• In recent years, there has been a debate about whether or not the international economic order is returning to mercantilism. Such a phenomenon is quite different from the development that the international economic order after the Second World War focuses on liberalism :

•  Please compare these two theories based upon the unit of analysis, the nature of the international economic relations, the attitudes toward trade, and state-market relations. (10 points)

•  Please identify the main points of the aforementioned debate about returning to mercantilism. (10 points)

• It is reported that Lenin once said that 'The shortest way from Moscow to Paris was through Beijing and Calcutta.' Therefore, after the establishment of the Soviet Union, Moscow actively sought the favor of all walks of life in China. What did Moscow do to Beijing to achieve this goal at that time? (17 points)

• Please elaborate the characteristics of the 'Near Eastern Question' in the 19th century. (18 points)

乙、測驗題部分：（

25 分）

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 Which of the following is the first country to reach a new trade deal with the United States after its President's announcement of 'Reciprocal Tariff' on April 2, 2025?

•  Japan.

•  United Kingdom.

•  Korea.

•  Canada.

• 2 Which of the following countries did NOT change its state leadership in 2025?

•  The United States.  Korea.

•  France.

•  Germany.

• 3 Which of the following international agreements or initiatives is the United States not currently participating in?

•  Global Maritime Fulcrum.

•  Indo-Pacific Economic Framework.

•  Australia-United Kingdom-United States.

•  Quadrilateral Security Dialogue.

• 4 Securing Our Future London Summit on March 2, 2025 concluded ' a Four-Point Plan' for the future of Ukraine. Which of the following is NOT correct regarding this plan?

•  Commitment to maintaining the flow of military aid to Ukraine while increasing economic pressure on Russia through sanctions and other measures.

•  Affirming that any lasting peace agreement must ensure the sovereignty and security of Ukraine, with Ukraine being present at all peace negotiations.

•  Enhancing Ukraine's defensive military capabilities following any peace deals to deter potential future invasions.

•  Dispatching NATO Peacekeeping forces to Ukraine to implement the terms of any peace agreement and guarantee Ukraine's security afterward.

• 5 Which of the following statement is NOT correct regarding the 1947 'Truman Doctrine'?

•  It became the main focus of the US foreign policy after WWII.

•  The US should lead democratic countries to contain infiltration of Soviet communist and vigorously support the economic and military development of Europe.

•  It demanded the US congress to allocate budget to aid the Italian and Greek governments to prevent them from falling into communist hands.

•  It established a precedent for the US to aid anti-communist regimes around the world and to establish containment alliance against the Soviet Union.

• 6 Which of the following statements is NOT a Realist critique of Neo-liberal Institutionalism in International Relations?

•  International institutions have no independent status; they merely reflect the distribution of power and interests.

•  Under anarchy, even though international institutions possess monitoring and reciprocal mechanisms, the enforcement power of these institutions is too weak, which limits the extent of cooperation among states.

•  Neo-liberal Institutionalism overlooks the problem of 'relative gains'; states may still refuse to cooperate if they realize that other countries gain more than they do.

•  Neo-liberal Institutionalism oversimplifies issues of international relations as problems of market information and efficiency, neglecting the structural oppression and inequalities inherent in the international system.

代號： 3110

• 7 Regarding the Global Cooperation and Training Framework (GCTF), which of the following statements is NOT correct?

•  In 2015, Taiwan and the United States signed a memorandum of understanding to establish the Global Cooperation and Training Framework, aiming to expand Taiwan's international space.

•  The GCTF has held international workshops on topics such as public health, law enforcement cooperation, women's empowerment, cybersecurity, humanitarian assistance, and disaster relief.

•  Aside from the United States, Japan, Australia, and Canada are full partners of the GCTF.

•  The main purpose of the GCTF is to work with like-minded democratic countries to jointly contain the global expansion of authoritarianism.

• 8 Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding 'Sharp Power'?

•  It takes advantage of the openness of democratic societies to spread disinformation and propaganda.

•  It involves coercive measures, using military attacks and invasions or economic incentives and sanctions, to compel compliance from other nations.

•  It aims to erode trust in democratic institutions, limit free speech, and distort public opinion.

•  It targets political elites, journalists, academics, and other influential individuals to gain support.

• 9 Which of the following is a member state to all of the following three multilateral institutions: AUKUS, QUAD, and Five Eyes?

•  India.

•  Japan.

•  Canada.

•  Australia.

• 10 In 2023, the Japanese government proposed a new plan to promote the 'Free and Open Indo-Pacific'(FOIP) vision. Which of the following items is NOT included among its main components?

•  Establishing an Indo-Pacific environment that safeguards peace, upholds the principles of freedom, transparency, and the rule of law, and ensures that the weak will not yield to coercion by force.

•  Expanding international cooperation to enhance the resilience and sustainability of Indo-Pacific countries in addressing challenges such as climate change, public health, disaster prevention and response, and cybersecurity.

•  Creating a military coordination mechanism to safeguard collective security in the Indo-Pacific region and enhance the inter-operability of military systems of individual countries.

•  Extending the scope of security from the maritime domain to include the airspace, ensuring the safety and stability of the entire Indo-Pacific public domain.

• 11 After the end of the Crimean War in 1856, the great powers called upon the Paris Peace Conference. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

•  Free navigation of the Danube River.

•  Neutralization of the Black Sea; Warships shall not freely pass through the Two Straits.

•  Turkey was admitted to the European community.

•  The goods from neutralized countries carried on enemy's ships may be captured and confiscated.

• 12 In September 1899, the U.S. Secretary of State John Hay instructed American ambassadors to United Kingdom, Germany, Japan and Russia, to seek host country's endorsement of the 'Open Door Policy of China.' Which country showed its indifference toward John Hay's proposal?

•  Russia.

•  The United Kingdom.

•  Japan.

•  Germany.

• 13 Which of the following statement about the Opium War is correct?

•  The British government attached great importance to business issues; thus, as early as the Qianglong period of the Qing Dynasty, Amherst was dispatched to negotiate with the Chinese government.

•  Due to the prevalence of liberal trade theories, during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, the British government abolished the East India Company's trade privileges with China, and began to allow British businessmen to trade with China.

•  Lin Zexu banned smoking in Guangzhou at a time when the British Liberal Party was in power and Prime Minister Palmerston decided to send troops to China.

•  The consequence of the Opium War was the signing of the Sino-British treaty of Beijing in 1842.

• 14 Which of the following statement is true about the Sino-French Vietnam War in the late Qing Dynasty?

•  During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, the French colonists actually controlled south- central Vietnam.

•  The ministers of the Qing Dynasty were divided into two factions: peace and war. Li Hongzhang actively advocated war.

•  In 1884, the French fleet shelled Keelung and blocked Taiwan. At that time, Shen Baozhen was in charge of Taiwan's military affairs.

•  In 1885, Liu Yongfu's troops, the Black Flag Army, won consecutive victories at Zhennangquan in Guangxi and Lang Mountain in northern Vietnam.

• 15 Which of the following statement regarding the Boxer Rebellion and the Eight-Power Allied Forces is true?

•  The Boxers originated from the White Lotus Sect and was first popular in Henan.

•  The activities initiated by the Boxers caused protests from the Germans, so the Qing court sent Yuan Shikai to the south to suppress these activities.

•  After the Eight-Power Allied Forces dispatched troops, they jointly elected the Russian general Alfred von Waldersee as the commander-in-chief of the coalition forces.

•  After the Eight-Power Allied Forces occupied Beijing, the governors of the southeastern provinces advocated a self-protection movement led by Zeng Guofan.

• 16 China was defeated in the First Opium War, as a consequence, China and the United Kingdom signed the Treaty of Nanjing in August 1842. Which of the following ports was NOT included in their agreement regarding the 'Five Ports Trading'?

•  Wenzhou.

•  Guangzhou.

•  Xiamen.

•  Ningbo.

• 17 Historians regarded the term 'Napoleon War' as Bonaparte Napoleon led the First Empire of France in fighting against the anti-Napoleon coalition. How did Napoleon call his strategic framework against the United Kingdom?

•  European Continent System.

•  Paris System.

•  Continental System.

•  North Sea System.

• 18 What was the cause that led to the breakout of Japan-Russo War in 1904?

•  Ownership of the Dongqing Railway.

•  Struggle over lease rights of Dalian and Lushun.

•  Protection of overseas Japanese in Manchuria.

•  Competition over the sphere of influence on Korea.

• 19 Japan and Russia, put aside their hatred caused by the 1904 Japan-Russo war, signed two secret treaties in July 1907 and June 1910. Which of the following consequences was NOT included?

•  The partition of sphere of influence on Manchuria between Japan and Russia.

•  Reached a consensus on U.S. 'Open Door Policy of China.'

•  Russia began to instigate the independence of Outer Mongolia.

•  Japan's annexation of Korea.

• 20 The Industrial Revolution started from the United Kingdom. Which country came next?

•  The Netherlands.

•  France.

•  Spain.

•  Belgium.

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：各類科

科

目：綜合法政知識（包括中華民國憲法、兩岸關係、比較政府與政治）

考試時間：

1 小時

座號：

※注意：

 本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  本科目共 50 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

•  禁止使用電子計算器。

• 1 依憲法及增修條文規定，下列關於考試院之敘述，何者正確？

•  憲法明定考試委員名額

•  憲法增修條文明定考試委員任期四年

•  考試院得向立法院提出法律案

•  考試委員由立法院依政黨比例提名

• 2 依司法院釋字第 689 號解釋，判斷立法者制定之法定程序，是否符合憲法上正當法律程序原則之要 求，應考量之因素不包括下列何者？

•  人民權利受侵害或限制時，應有使其獲得救濟之機會與制度

•  所涉基本權之種類、限制之強度及範圍、所欲追求之公共利益、決定機關之功能合適性  有無替代程序或各項可能程序成本

 法律安定性

• 3 依原住民身分法規定，下列各選項中之丙，何者原本無法取得原住民身分，然已被憲法法庭判決宣告 該規定違憲？

•  原住民甲與原住民乙結婚所生，從乙之姓氏之女丙

•  原住民甲與非原住民乙結婚所生，從甲之姓氏之子丙

•  原住民甲與非原住民乙結婚所生，從乙之姓氏之女丙

•  原住民甲與非原住民乙結婚所生，從具原住民傳統名字之女丙

• 4 有關基本國策，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  憲法基本國策有屬指導國家政策及整體國家發展之方針者

•  「國家為謀社會福利，應實施社會保險制度」 ，此為我國基本國策之一

• 「國家為增進民族健康，應普遍推行衛生保健事業及公醫制度」 ，此為我國基本國策之一

•   基本國策中所指之「國家」 ，均指中央，不包括地方自治團體

• 5 依司法院大法官解釋意旨，關於性言論，下列敘述何者錯誤？

• 

• 立法機關為維持社會風化，得以法律限制性言論

•  具藝術性、醫學性或教育性之性言論，須採取適當安全隔絕措施，方受憲法保障

•  含有性暴力、性虐待或人獸性交且不具藝術性、醫學性或教育性價值之言論，不受憲法保障  性交易言論若非以兒少為對象或促使兒少為性交易，且訊息之接收人僅限成年人，亦屬憲法所保障 之商業性言論

• 6 有關人民團體法與結社自由，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  基於結社自由，人民團體得自主選擇其名稱

•  對於人民結社所為之各項限制，以設立管制最為嚴重，應受比例原則之嚴格審查

•  為確保自由民主憲政秩序，主管機關對主張共產主義或分裂國土之人民團體得直接不予許可設立  政黨之解散，由主管機關檢同相關事證移送司法院大法官組成憲法法庭審理之

• 7 依司法院大法官解釋意旨，政府採購得標廠商國內員工逾百人者應進用一定比例原住民，未進用者應 令繳代金之規定，不涉及下列何者？

•  平等原則

•  財產權

•  營業自由

•  生存權

• 8 刑事案件審判中，原則上應使被告得以適當方式適時獲知其被訴案件之卷宗及證物全部內容。此涉及 何種訴訟原則？

 公開審理原則

• 9 下列何種案件得於總統在位期間，將其列為犯罪嫌疑人，並開啟偵查程序？

•  總統涉嫌傷害

•  總統涉嫌貪污

•  總統涉嫌毀謗

•  總統涉嫌外患

• 10 有關憲法訴訟法所定之各聲請主體及要件，下列敘述何者正確？  總統得以其行使職權，適用憲法發生疑義為由，聲請憲法法庭判決 現有總額三分之一以上之立法委員，得以其行使職權，適用憲法發生疑義為由，聲請憲法法庭判決

  地方自治行政機關如認有關非地方自治事項所應適用之法規範違憲，報請上級機關聲請憲法法庭判決  懲戒法院法官於其審理中之案件，認應適用之命令違憲，得聲請憲法法庭判決

• 11 下列何者不是司法院之職權？

•  民、刑事及行政訴訟之審判

•  犯罪偵查

•  公務員懲戒

 審理政黨違憲之解散事項

• 12 依臺灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例第 65 條第 1 款規定： 「臺灣地區人民收養大陸地區人民為養子 女，……有下列情形之一者，法院亦應不予認可：一、已有子女或養子女者。」依司法院大法官解釋， 此一規定是否合憲？

•  合憲，因為憲法並未保障收養自由，收養對象之規定純屬立法裁量

•  違憲，因臺灣地區人民收養其配偶之大陸地區子女，法院亦應不予認可部分，有違憲法第 22 條保 障收養自由之意旨

•  合憲，因本法涉及兩岸關係，為司法不應解釋之政治問題

•  違憲，因臺灣地區人民收養其他國家、地區人民為養子女，並無此等限制，系爭規定違反憲法第 7 條平等權

• 13 下列何者屬於程序基本權？

•  複決權

•  創制權

•  服公職權

•  訴訟權

• 14 依立法院的組織與運作之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  立法院設院長、副院長各一人，由立法委員互選產生

•  立法院院長、副院長不得擔任政黨職務，應本公平中立原則行使職權，維持立法院秩序，處理議事  立法院會議，應公開舉行，不得開秘密會議

•  立法院臨時會，以決議召集臨時會之特定事項為限

• 15 有關中央與地方立法權限之規定，下列敘述何者正確？

•  警察制度事項，由中央立法並執行之

•  行政區劃事項，由中央立法並執行之

•  司法制度事項，由中央立法並執行之，或交由省縣執行之

•  度量衡事項，由中央立法並執行之

• 16 在中國的打壓下為持續拓展國際關係，我國政府展開一連串務實外交計畫及其他非正式外交。請依據 我國實際的參與情況，判斷下列何者最為正確？

•  為了保留聯合國席位，改以中華臺北為名

•  透過民間組織來參與國際奧林匹克委員會

•  世界貿易組織將我國稱為臺澎金馬個別關稅領域

•  以中國臺灣的名義成功加入了世界衛生組織

• 17 強韌的軍事實力，是確保臺灣擁有獨立主權的基石。美國現今授與臺灣「防禦性質的武器」 ，並「維 持能力，以抵抗任何訴諸武力」 。其最重要的法源基礎為何？

•  臺灣關係法

•  中美共同防禦條約

•  臺灣友邦國際保護及加強倡議法

•  臺灣安全加強法

• 18 近年來中共的兩岸政策，奉行所謂「新時代黨解決臺灣問題的總體方略」 ，請問這個概念是何時提出？

•  2017 年的中共十九大

•  2024 年 7 月的二十屆三中全會

•  2022 年的中共二十大

•  2023 年 2 月的二十屆二中全會

• 19 1981 年中共提出對臺九點方案，內容包括國共合作、對等談判，與統一後的臺灣保有自治等。試問該 方案是由那位領導人提出？

 葉劍英

 鄧小平

• 20 現今中共對台工作領導小組的組長是誰？

•  王滬寧

•  劉鶴

 陳雲

•  王毅

• 21 目前兩岸制度化對話溝通的單位，下列何者正確？

 中央社北京辦事處與新華社台北分社

 海峽兩岸經貿交流協會與海峽兩岸經貿文化交流協會

 台灣海峽兩岸觀光旅遊協會與海峽兩岸旅遊交流協會

 1997 年前的香港中華旅行社與新華社香港分社

• 22 2025 年 3 月賴清德總統在國安高層會議中，針對中國方面的滲透提出了 17 項因應策略。下列何者不 包括在這些策略當中？

 對於中國的學歷不予承認，建議國人避免前往中國留學

 檢討修正軍事審判法，擴大軍審範疇

 強化宣傳國人赴中旅遊風險，落實登錄制度

 清查領有中國身分證、居留證等證件之國人

• 23 2019 年習近平在「告台灣同胞書」發表 40 周年紀念會上的講話中，未提到那些內容？

 提升經貿合作暢通

 可以率先實現金門、馬祖同福建沿海地區通水、通電、通氣、通橋

 統一之後，臺灣可以保有軍隊，但不能威脅到中國大陸

 統一之後，臺灣人的社會制度和生活方式等將得到充分尊重

• 24 國家安全會議作為總統在諮詢中國政策、國家安全，以及外交事務的重要機構。關於該機構，下列何 者錯誤？

 民國 54 年正式成立

 總統為國家安全會議之主席；總統因事不能出席時，由副總統代理之

 國家安全會議所屬的國家安全局，負責國家安全情報工作及特種勤務之策劃與執行

 其前身為民國 41 年成立的國防會議

• 25 下列那部中國的法律或法規，未直接涉及到臺灣議題？

•  中華人民共和國國家安全法

 黨中央決策議事協調機構工作條例

 反分裂國家法

 關於促進兩岸經濟文化交流合作的若干措施

• 26 2024 年賴清德總統在就職演說中，針對兩岸關係的內容，下列何者錯誤？

 不卑不亢，維持現狀

 7 次提到「中華人民共和國」

 中華民國與中華人民共和國互不隸屬

 可以先從雙邊對等的觀光旅遊及學生來臺，啟動交流

• 27 海峽兩岸關係協會是中共的「白手套」 ，主要職能是對臺事務的執行，下列何者正確？

 上級機關為中共中央台灣工作辦公室

 現今海峽兩岸關係協會會長為陳德銘

 臺灣的對口單位為行政院大陸委員會

 在辜汪會談後，為促進兩岸關係的發展，因此在 1992 年成立

• 28 下列中國官員，誰沒有當過國務院台灣事務辦公室主任？

•  宋濤

•  王兆國

 劉結一

•  王兆國

•  習近平

• 29 近年來，臺商逐漸撤離中國，回到臺灣本土或是轉進到其他鄰國。請問其主要的因素，下列何者錯誤？  中國近年經濟的嚴重下滑

•  中共推動一帶一路建設

 中國沿海省分發展高新科技，使得部分以勞動密級為導向的臺資企業，因成本考量，而撤離中國  中共強化對於境外企業的管理，例如在企業內部設置黨組織

• 30 賴清德總統將中國定位為「境外敵對勢力」 ，下列理由何者錯誤？

•  中國近年對臺的軍演、滲透與統戰，日益增加

•  促進臺灣與美國在外交關係的發展

•  對臺灣的主權定位，逐漸走向戰略清晰

•  對於中國經濟發展下滑的應對

• 31 下列何者最可能是新興民主國家民主鞏固的特徵？

•  民主轉型過程中，政治菁英對政治競爭具備共識

•  民主政權的建立，民眾相信威權政體可改善生活

•  政府治理能力不佳時，社會團體推翻現有民主政體

•  政府治理能力不佳時，政治菁英推翻現有民主政體

• 32 日本國會選舉制度於 1994 年進行重大改革，下列何者不是此次改革的內容？

•  眾議院議員產生方式為混合相對多數決和比例代表制的精神

•  希望更強化以候選人為主的選舉競爭模式

•  希望強化政黨重要性，促進形成兩黨政治

•  參議院議員產生方式為混合單記非讓渡投票和比例代表制的精神

• 33 德國和英國皆為內閣制國家，德國常需要組聯合內閣，但英國通常是單一政黨執政，導致此現象最可 能的原因是什麼？

•  德國為聯邦制國家，英國為單一制國家

•  德國為共和國，英國為君主立憲國家

•  德國為成文憲法，英國為不成文憲法

•  兩國的國會選舉採用不同選舉制度

• 34 我國立法院和日本的眾議院選舉制度，皆採用混合制中的並立制，下列有關此選制的敘述，何者正確？  選民可能出現分裂投票的行為

•  以第二票（政黨票）為準來計算各政黨可獲得的總席次

•  政黨分化程度通常高於採用比例代表制的國家

•  比例代表名額的選舉門檻愈高，小黨存活空間愈高

• 35 德國為議會內閣制國家，當行政與立法發生僵局時，下列那一種方式最可能解決此僵局？

•  執政黨發動對黨魁不信任投票

•  國會通過彈劾總理

•  國會發動不信任投票

•  國會召開臨時公聽會

• 36 內閣制國家在國會選舉後，若無任一政黨取得過半數席次，通常由握有最多席次的政黨籌組聯合內閣， 下列那一個因素最可能是大黨在尋找聯合內閣成員時的重要考量？

•  政黨間席次相當

•  政黨間人才多元

•  政黨間意識形態相近  政黨間成員重疊

• 37 總統制國家可能出現分立政府的現象，下列何者為形成分立政府最可能的原因？

•  選民選舉時分裂投票

•  選民選舉時真誠投票

•  選民選舉時踴躍投票

•  選民選舉時一致投票

• 38 在採兩院制的國家中，那一個國家的上議院議員是由民眾直接選舉產生？

•  英國

•  德國

•  日本

•  印度

• 39 中國的政治運作被視為是黨國體制（ party-state ） ，下列那一個敘述最符合該體制的運作？  黨政平行運作，互不干涉  國家主席由全國人民代表大會選出

•  國務院為最高行政機關由總理帶領

•  憲法載明中國人民繼續由中國共產黨領導

• 40 因國家機關的有效領導和介入，使產業具高度競爭力，經濟發展成功。下列何者是解釋此現象的理論？  發展國家理論  現代化理論  依賴理論  世界體系理論

• 41 下列那一個理論可用來說明，當一個威權國家隨著社會與經濟發展，國民教育程度提升，會要求更多 政治參與和民主改革？

• 

• 世界體系理論  依賴理論  全球化理論  現代化理論

• 42 下列那一種意識形態強調有限政府和個人主義的重要性？

•  激進主義

•  平等主義

•  自由主義

•  社會主義

• 43 歐盟目前已有近三十國成員，在 1950 年代萌芽時期的煤鋼共同體，是統合那兩國的煤鋼工業，奠定 了歐洲共同體的基礎？

•  法德

•  英美

• 44 下列那個國家沒有設立專屬違憲審查的機關？

•  德國

•  美國

• 45 有關美國總統制的特徵，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  總統與其他國家締結條約，需要參議院批准

•  參議院對於總統提名的部會首長，享有人事同意權

•  總統對於國會三讀通過的法案，覺得窒礙難行時，可以退回復議（ reconsideration ）

•  1787 年的聯邦憲法，對於總統連選得連任的次數並無規定

• 46 有關各國國會上議院議員選舉制度的敘述，何者錯誤？

•  美國參議員的選舉制度是 FPTP （領先者當選）

•  德國聯邦參議員是採間接選舉制度

•  英國上議院議員不是民選的

•  法國參議員是採間接選舉制度

• 47 法國第五共和總統的選舉制度，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  採用絕對多數當選制

•  是一種兩輪投票制度的實踐

 第一輪投票如果沒有候選人過半，在第一輪得到 12.5% 以上有效票的候選人進入第二輪

•  1958 年第五共和制憲時並未採取公民直選

• 48 所謂建設性的不信任投票，是指國會在倒閣之前，必須完成下列那一件事？

•  先選出繼任的內閣總理人選

•  徵求國家元首的同意

• 49 有關美國總統選舉制度的敘述，下列何者正確？

•  選舉人團的總數是 535

•  如果需要補選，是由參議員負責補選總統，眾議員補選副總統

 各州選舉人均採用贏者通吃的投票方式

•  有可能出現少數總統

• 50 我國目前的邦交國共有 12 國，超過半數分布在那兩大地區？

•  加勒比海地區與大洋洲

•  非洲與南美洲

•  中美洲與加勒比海地區

 大洋洲與南美洲

•  與上議院達成共識

•  透過民意調查取得過半數民意的支持

•  英德

•  法國

•  英法

•  俄羅斯

代號：

11060

頁次：

4 － 1

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際公法（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（

75 分）

•  請以英文作答不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答 者，不予計分。

•  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 In international law, what are the areas that are not considered as "national territory"? What are the relevant international norms? Please explain with two examples. （ 25 分）

• 二、 On March 2, 2022, the 5th United Nations Environment Assembly adopted a resolution entitled "End plastic pollution: Towards an internationally legally binding instrument." The resolution recognizes that plastic pollution includes microplastics and places special emphasis on the impact of plastic pollution on the marine environment. It also highlights the transboundary nature of plastic pollution in the ocean and other environments, noting that it affects not only global ecosystems but also the health of all humanity. Please explain the rules concerning marine environmental pollution and protection under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. （ 25 分）

• 三、 Howdoes the International Court of Justice define and apply the methodology of maritime delimitation? Please explain with examples. （ 25 分）

• 乙、測驗題部分：（

25 分）

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

•  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 Regarding the relationships between "international law" and "domestic law", which of the following descriptions is NOT correct?

•  In theory, the relationships between "international law" and "domestic law" usually refer to the two approaches between "dualism" and "monism".

•  Article 141 of the R.O.C. Constitution provides that, "the foreign policy of the Republic of China shall... respect treaties and the Charter of the United Nations, ..."

•  A State may use its domestic laws or deficiencies in its legislative process as justifications for breaching its obligations under international law.

•  Whether international law is directly applicable by a national court is largely dependent on its national Constitution, legislations and court decisions.

代號：

6110

座號：

• 2 According to the definition of "treaties" under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, which of the followings is NOT a treaty?

•  Kyoto Protocol.

•  Stockholm Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment.

•  Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.

•  Shimonoseki Treaty.

• 3 What does the term " pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt " mean?

•  Agreements must be kept.

•  Consent is the only way to bind States.

•  Atreaty binds the parties and only the parties; it does not create obligations for a third State.

•  Afundamental and unforeseen change of circumstances.

• 4 Which of the following statements concerning "Non-intervention of internal affairs" is NOT correct?

•  The basic rule of international law expresses that a State has no right to encroach upon another State's internal affairs.

•  The enforcement measures taken according to Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations may be applied to matters which are within the domestic jurisdiction of a given State.

•  Under the Charter of the United Nations, the United Nations, in principle, may not intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of a given State.

•  The Charter of the United Nations requires the Member States submit all disputes to the International Court of Justice for settlement.

• 5 Regarding "State Succession" under international law, which of the following statements is NOT correct?

•  The 1978 Vienna Convention on the Succession of States in Respect of Treaties is more controversial than the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations.

•  The 1978 Vienna Convention on the Succession of States in Respect of Treaties is a result of codification on the principle of State Succession.

•  The International Law Commission passed the Vienna Convention on the Succession of States in Respect of Property, Archives and Debts in 1983, but this convention has not entered into force.

•  State succession is predicated, among others, on temporary changes resulting from belligerent occupation.

• 6 Which of the following statements concerning "human rights" is correct?

•  The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights does not include people's right of self-determination.

•  Article 1 of the Charter of United Nations stipulates that its purpose is to achieve international cooperation in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all.

•  The International Bill of Human Rights consists of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

•  Human rights matters fall within the domestic jurisdiction of a State, and have no relevance under international law.

• 7 Which of the following regions is NOT regulated by multilateral conventions?

•  Seabed, ocean floor, and subsoil thereof beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.

•  Antarctica.

•  Geocenter.

•  Suez Canal.

• 8 Under Article 39 of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), regarding the duties of ships and aircraft during transit passage, which one of the following descriptions is NOT correct?

•  Ships and aircraft shall proceed without delay through or over the strait.

•  Ships and aircraft shall refrain from any threat or use of force against the sovereignty, territorial integrity or political independence of States bordering the strait.

•  Ships and aircraft shall refrain from any activities other than those incident to their normal modes of continuous and expeditious transit unless rendered necessary by force majeure or by distress.

•  Ships and aircraft may carry out any research or survey activities.

• 9 Which of the following statements regarding archipelagic waters is NOT correct under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea?

•  An archipelagic State shall respect existing submarine cables, laid by other States and passing through its waters without making a landfall.

•  An archipelagic State shall recognize traditional fishing rights of the immediately adjacent neighboring States in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters.

•  In general, ships of all States enjoy the right of innocent passage through archipelagic waters.

•  Aircrafts have no right of passage over archipelagic waters.

• 10 Regarding the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) of the World Trade Organization (WTO), which of the following statements is correct?

•  The DSB of the WTO was the first mechanism of this kind in the international trade law.

•  The WTOAgreements are the only source of applicable laws for the DSB.

•  The DSB enjoys compulsory and exclusive jurisdiction with respect to the disputes on the WTO Agreements.

•  The DSB is trusted by the majority of the WTO Members. The appeal rate to its appellate body is rather low.

• 11 Which of the following principles of jurisdiction is NOT usually applied by the domestic courts of a given state in cases involving cross-border telecommunications fraud?

•  Territorial jurisdiction.

•  Active nationality jurisdiction.

•  Universal jurisdiction.

•  Passive nationality jurisdiction.

• 12 According to the 2001 Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for International Wrongful Acts, which of the following statements concerning the elements of an international wrongful act of a State is NOT correct?

•  Awrongful act is caused by an unlawful act or omission.

•  An action or omission causes a breach of an international obligation of the State.

•  An unlawful act or omission is attributable to a given State.

•  Whether an act of a given State can be characterized as internationally wrongful is governed by both international law and domestic law.

• 13 Which of the following statements regarding the legal principles of international environmental law is NOT correct?

•  The general obligation of States to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction and control respect the environment of other States was affirmed by the 1996 International Court of Justice in Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons advisory opinion.

•  The Polluter-Pays Principle has been confirmed as a general principle of law by the 1972 Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment.

•  The requirement to conduct environmental impact assessments was affirmed by the 2010 International Court of Justice Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay Judgment.

•  The concept of sustainable development has been applied in general economic and trade agreements.

• 14 According to Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations, which of the following descriptions regarding the U.N. Security Council is NOT correct?

•  For the purpose of humanitarian intervention, the Secretary General of the United Nations may request member states take urgent military measures without the approval of the Security Council.

•  The Security Council shall determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression and shall make recommendations, or decide what measures to be taken to maintain or restore international peace and security.

•  The Security Council may take necessary action by air, sea, or land forces to maintain or restore international peace and security.

•  The Security Council may decide to take measures not involving the use of armed force in order to maintain international peace and security, and may call upon the members of the United Nations to apply such measures.

• 15 According to Article 4 of the Charter of the United Nations, which of the followings is the correct procedure for applying to become a member of the United Nations?

•  By a majority of the General Assembly members present and voting.

•  By a two-thirds majority of the Security Council members present and voting.

•  By a decision of the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council.

•  By a majority of the Security Council members present and voting.

• 16 Which of the following Agreements is NOT under the World Trade Organization trading system?

•  The Agreement on Trade-Related Currency Swap.

•  The General Agreement on Trade in Services.

•  The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.

•  The Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.

• 17 Regarding the South China Sea disputes, to which of the following courts or tribunals did the Philippines resort in January, 2013?

•  Permanent Court of Arbitration.

•  International Court of Justice.

•  International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea.

•  Arbitral Tribunal constituted under Annex VII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

• 18 Article 2 of the United Nations Charter provides for various principles. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

•  All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered.

•  All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.

•  When any member facing military attacks, General Assembly of the United Nations may take action by air, sea, or land forces as may be necessary to maintain or restore peace and security of that state.

•  Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state or shall require the Members to submit such matters to settlement under the present Charter, but this principle shall not prejudice the application of enforcement measures under Chapter VII.

• 19 CommonArticle 3 of the 1949 Geneva Conventions ensures that all persons not or no longer participating in hostilities are treated humanely by both State and non-State Parties to non-international armed conflicts. Which of the followings is NOT specifically mentioned in Common Article 3?

•  Prohibition on taking hostages.

•  Prohibition on forced displacement.

•  Prohibition on passing sentences without a fair trial.

•  Services by an impartial humanitarian body to the Parties in the conflict.

• 20 With regard to conventions and norms related to international environmental protection, which of the following statements is NOT correct?

•  The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal completely prohibits transboundary movements of hazardous wastes.

•  The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil prevents the discharge of oil from ships into the sea.

•  According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, national governments have the authority to determine access to genetic resources.

•  The Paris Agreement adopts nationally determined contributions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

代號：

11050

頁次：

3

－

1

114 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及外交行政人員、 國際經濟商務人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際經濟（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（

75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答 者，不予計分。

•  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 President Trump of the United States introduced reciprocal tariffs on other countries in April 2025. Please answer the following questions.

•  Is the reciprocal tariff rate adopted by the United States the same as the optimal tariff rate in trade theory? If not, please explain in detail how each is determined and what objective each is intended to achieve. (When explaining the optimal tariff rate, please use a specific (per-unit) tariff as the example with a diagram including the relevant terms in trade theory.) (15 points)

•  To counter the reciprocal tariffs of the United States, a country plans to impose retaliatory tariffs on goods of the United States. Setting aside legal and political considerations such as World Trade Organization (WTO) rules, please evaluate it from the perspectives of economic theory and practical policy. List at least two viewpoints. (10 points)

• 二、 After the World Trade Organization (WTO) Doha Round negotiations reached an impasse, regional trade agreements (RTAs) became a channel through which countries actively expanded trade with one another. Please answer the following questions.

•  If a country participates in an RTA, what static effects can it obtain? Is its welfare necessarily increased? If not, on what factors does the outcome depend? (5 points)

•  Following the previous question, under what circumstances is participation in RTAs more likely to raise welfare? Please list four possible circumstances and describe them. (10 points)

•  Over time, what dynamic effects gradually arise from joining RTAs? Please list four possible dynamic effects and describe them. (10 points)

• 三、 Will a depreciation of the exchange rate lead to a reduction of the country's current account deficit? Address the points according to the elasticity approach and the absorption approach. (25 points)

• 乙、測驗題部分：（

25 分）

代號：

5110

 本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當答案。

 共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 According to big Mac index, in January 2024 the price of big Mac in Taiwan is NT$72, while the price of that in the U.S. is US$5.67. If the actual exchange rate is 29.88NT$/US$, it implies that New Taiwan dollar is .

•  overvalued 57.5%

•  overvalued 12.7%



undervalued 57.5%

•  undervalued 12.7%

• 2 According to Mundell (1963), if one country is under perfect capital mobility, and the monetary authority does not implement sterilized intervention, then policy together with exchange rate regime has the biggest effect on output.

•  monetary, floating

• 

• monetary, fixed

•  fiscal , floating

•  fiscal, fixed

• 3 The impossible trinity is a concept which claims that it is impossible to have three goals achieved at the same time. Which of the following goals is not included?

•  Free capital movement.

•  Astable foreign exchange rate.

•  Astable inflation rate.

•  An independent monetary policy.

• 4 Under a managed floating exchange rate regime, what action does the central bank take in the foreign exchange market as part of a leaning against the wind policy to respond to the pressure of depreciation?

•  Sell foreign exchange.

•  Buy foreign exchange.

•  Increase interest rates.

•  Lower interest rates.

• 5 According to the relative purchasing power parity, the percentage change in the exchange rate equals the difference in between two countries.

•  interest rates

•  spot exchange rates

•  forward exchange rates

•  inflation rates

• 6 Which of the following refers to the unbiased predictor for future spot exchange rate?

•  Current spot exchange rate.

•  The average of current and previous spot exchange rates.

•  Forward exchange rate.

•  The average of current spot exchange rate and forward exchange rate.

• 7 Which of the following statements regarding the International Monetary Fund is not true?

•  It was established in 1968.

•  It created Special Drawing Rights in 1969.

•  Its headquarter is located in Washington, D.C., U.S.A.

•  It is an affiliation of the United Nations.

• 8 Sterilized intervention is a monetary policy tool used by central banks to influence the exchange rate of a currency without impacting the .

•  money supply

•  interest rate

•  money value

•  output

• 9 Which of the following factors would cause an appreciation of the domestic currency?

•  An increase in the foreign real interest rate.

•  An increase in the domestic real interest rate.

•  Areduction in tariffs by the domestic government.

•  An expectation of depreciation of the domestic currency.

• 10 Which of the following can explain the situation in which the expected return on foreign assets equals that on domestic assets?

•  No-Ponzi-game condition.

•  Marshall-Lerner condition.

•  Purchasing Power Parity hypothesis.

•  Uncovered Interest Rate Parity hypothesis.

• 11 According to the covered interest parity, if interest rate in UK is 1%, interest rate in Japan is 3%, and spot exchange rate is 145 JPY/GBP, which of the following is the 1-year forward rate?

•  142.2 JPY/GBP.

•  150.8 JPY/GBP.

•  140.8 JPY/GBP.

•  147.9 JPY/GBP.

• 12 is a legal agreement among many countries, whose purpose was to promote international trade by reducing or eliminating trade barriers such as tariffs or quotas.

•  GATT

•  WHO

•  IMF

•  World Bank

• 13 The discovery of natural resources in a country leads to a surge in exports of those resources. This leads to a balance of payment surplus and an appreciation of the domestic currency under a floating exchange rate system, thus reducing the competitiveness of other export industries. This phenomenon is called .

•  Rational bubble

•  Tequila effect

•  Pass-through effect

•  Dutch disease

• 14 Which of the following statements regarding Exchange Rates Target Zone is not true?

•  It combines characteristics of both fixed and floating exchange rate systems.

•  The 1976 Jamaica Agreement is an example of such a system.

•  When the exchange rate deviates and exceeds the central parity, the premium of forward exchange rate becomes negative.

•  The monetary authorities still retain partial policy autonomy.

• 15 Based on partial equilibrium analysis, if a small country imposes a specific import tariff, which of the following is true?

•  The international price of the imported good falls.

•  The domestic price of the imported good remains unchanged.

•  The country's terms of trade improves.

•  The country's consumer surplus decreases.

• 16 Which of the following is correct when a large country adopts an export subsidy policy?

•  Terms of trade improves.

•  Net social welfare increases.

•  Consumer surplus increases.

•  Producer surplus increases.

• 17 Which of the following is not an import protection policy?

•  Exemption of commodity tax on imported raw materials.

•  Import only by government-owned enterprises.

•  Restriction on import regions.

•  High tariff policy.

• 18 Based on the Balassa-Samuelson model, when the growth of productivity in the domestic tradable goods sector relative to the non-tradable goods sector exceeds that of the foreign tradable goods sector relative to its non-tradable goods sector, what phenomenon will this cause?

•  The real exchange rate appreciates.

•  The real exchange rate depreciates.

•  Inflation rises.

•  Inflation falls.

• 19 According to the intertemporal current account model, when the expected income increases permanently, how will the current account change?

•  Increase.

•  Decrease.

•  Unchanged.

•  Ambiguous.

• 20 Under imperfect competition, when production involves dynamic economies of scale or learning-by-doing effects, imposing a tariff on imports can make domestic firms expand their future exports. This is called .

•  Employment-protection argument

•  Strategic infant industry argument

•  New protectionism

•  Export-biased growth