102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題 代號 ： 全一頁 10110 -14210 30110

等別(級)： 簡任

類科(別)： 行政類-公務、關務類-關務

科 目： 策略規劃與問題解決

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、中程施政計畫導入績效管理的主要精神在於透過一個以績效、成果為主的管理系統， 來提升政府效能以及重拾民眾對政府的信心。其內容為 ⑴ 發展各部門的策略規劃， 包括部門願景、策略績效目標的建構，以及達成這些目標的具體策略方案； ⑵ 績效 計畫的推動，包括目標的客觀衡量、衡量指標、指標類型、評估標準與評估方式的 建立，還有建立評估各項政策結果與目標之間落差的標準； ⑶ 年度績效報告的發表 與各年度之間的比較。試問：

•  各機關訂定策略績效目標應依據、參酌與考量那些原則暨因素？（ 10 分）

•  良好的策略績效目標應具備何種特性？（ 10 分）

•  衡量指標須符合那些原則與條件？（ 10 分）

• 二、近年來學者探討施政績效評估的運作實況，在各部會策略績效目標與衡量指標設定 情形時，特別指出「施政績效評估」的運作仍存在一些關鍵的爭議，特別是各部會 自評成績普遍偏高，但相關部會的施政表現與民眾感受的落差卻很大。試問：

•  造成施政表現與民眾的感受背道而馳的原因為何？（ 10 分）

•  如何弭平落差，讓「施政績效評估」的運作符合民眾期望？（ 10 分）

• 三、政策問題建構方法（ problem structuring method ）是指利害關係人之間透過相互辯論 與溝通，將影響一個公共問題的癥結或成因，按照嚴重性程度加以評比的系統化過 程。常見的問題建構技術有「腦力激盪法」、「魚骨圖」以及「問題點檢核表」等 方法。請根據您公務經驗所熟知之政策問題，運用上述方法中之任兩種，來進行問 題建構。（ 20 分）

• 四、民主國家中，民意是公共政策發展的生命線，民意取向的政策形成乃是民主政策制 定者追求的目標，否則就無法爭取多數民眾的支持。試問：

•  民眾參與政策規劃或議題設定的方式有那些？（ 10 分）

•  民眾參與政策規劃或議題設定的優點為何？（ 10 分）

•  民眾參與政策規劃或議題設定的限制為何？（ 10 分）

座號：

102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題 代號 ： 11740 全一頁

等別(級)： 簡任

類科(別)： 司法行政

科 目： 民事訴訟法與刑事訴訟法研究

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、甲駕車闖紅燈撞傷依綠燈號誌走在行人穿越道上的乙（原為精神健全之成年人）， 致乙傷重昏迷，成為植物人。乙之父丙因恐乙對甲之侵權行為損害賠償請求權罹於 2 年之短期時效而消滅，乃以乙之名義對甲提起侵權行為損害賠償訴訟，並於起訴 狀記載上情且陳明乙已成為植物人。試問：丙代乙以乙名義之起訴是否合法？倘不 合法，得如何補正？（ 25 分）

• 二、在原告甲與被告乙之訴訟中，就兩造簽訂合約第 6 條約定之訂金性質，承辦法官 丙在最後言詞辯論期日審理中當庭闡明：「系爭訂金之性質為何？究為定金或違 約金？倘為定金，係證約定金、成約定金、違約定金、解約定金或立約定金？若 為違約金，屬懲罰性違約金或賠償額預定性違約金？」兩造皆表明係定金性質， 並非違約金，但甲主張係證約定金，乙抗辯係成約定金，法官丙並未進一步表態， 即宣示辯論終結。丙於判決理由中認定該約定訂金之性質為違約金，並據此為判 斷。試問：法官丙能否異於兩造對於契約第 6 條約定性質之共識（即定金）而自 行認定係違約金？丙之所為，有無可議之處？試附理由說明之。（ 25 分）

• 三、在我國現行刑事訴訟制度下，於通常審理程序外，尚有學理上所稱特別程序，即簡 易程序、簡式審判程序以及協商程序，若同時輔以偵查中之緩起訴程序，則至少有 四種之多。請問：您認為上述四種特別程序中，何者應扮演主要疏減通常程序案源 之角色？比較法上是否有何國法制經驗可供參酌？（ 25 分）

四、請申論我國現行刑事訴訟程序中之強制辯護制度。（ 25 分）

座號：

• 102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試

• 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題

代號：

10120 - 19320

30120 - 30420

頁次：

4 － 1

等別 ( 級 )

：簡任

類科 ( 別 )

：各類科 - 公務、各類別 - 關務

科

目：中華民國憲法與英文

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（ 50 分）

 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、何謂「依法行政」？「依法行政」和憲法有何關聯性？並請具體舉例說明之。 （ 25 分）

• 二、外國勞工薪資與本國勞工薪資是否應相同或脫鈎，向來有不同之爭論，有的以國內 經濟發展角度出發，有的以國際人權角度出發，都有各自可能合理的論點。請問以 上「各該贊成或反對論點的內容」和「憲法」有什麼關聯性？請從憲法的角度提出 自己的論點。（ 25 分）

乙、測驗題部分：（ 50

分） 代號：

2101

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

•  共 25 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 A computer modeling was performed to what would happen to the nuclear reactor in a severe accident, such as the loss of all electric power.

•  absorb

•  assess

•  convert

•  delay

• 2 When Jane was asked for detailed information, we all wondered if we could trust her of the event that happened so long ago.

•  catastrophes

•  proportions

•  reminiscences

•  supplements

• 3 Martha, like many people, has a self-esteem ; even though she is smart and good-looking, she never thinks much of herself.

•  analysis

•  hardship

•  issue

•  subject

• 4 Roberta cared so much for her students that she often felt like a parent to them, and she missed them dearly when they graduated.

•  metaphysical

•  paramount

•  representative

•  surrogate

• 5 When a company is bankrupt, it often has to its assets in order to pay part of its debts.

•  confiscate

•  devastate

•  liquidate

•  propagate

• 6 The recruited volunteers have to receive 80 hours of training before they are allowed to become members of rescue teams.

•  disposable

•  mandatory

•  prodigal

•  vicious

• 7 People with strong ethnic identities tend to experience high group pride and display a stronger to their ethnic group.

•  advancement

•  commitment

•  disposition

•  patriotism

8 According to a research, women's hotel preferences are very different from men's with key on safety and comfort.

•  anxieties

•  escorts

•  motifs

•  priorities

• 9 The top of the Taipei 101 commands a view of the Taipei city. It has become the most popular tourist attraction in Taipei.

•  devastating

•  pessimistic

•  spectacular

•  transparent

10 David's of his hobby is increasingly distracting him from his work. Having a hobby is good, but he shouldn't let it influence his life.

•  confession

•  knowledge

•  pursuit

•  rationale

• 11 Ever since Daniel started his lung cancer treatment, he has suffered through the effects of the medicine.

•  brutish

•  debilitating

•  ineradicable

•  marginal

• 12 In order to have a blood test, the nurse stuck a needle into a in Rachel's arm.

•  wound

•  cell

•  hole

•  vessel

• 13 This piece of jade was made in the Han dynasty. It is not just valuable-it is absolutely .

•  colossal

•  hilarious

•  outrageous

•  priceless

• 14 The book, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother , chronicles the author's iron-willed decision to raise her daughters her way, the Chinese way, and the remarkable results her choice inspires.

•  In the book, the author examines the Chinese method of parenting with her iron will.

•  It's a book about how and why the author's daughters find her iron will inspiring.

•  The book describes how inspiring a Chinese mother thinks raising children is.

•  The book is about how the author chooses to raise her children and what the result is.

• 15 Countries that send migrants abroad want to make sure that expatriates do not become ex-patriots.

•  Countries with migrants abroad want to ensure their patriotism remains unchanged.

•  Countries that send migrants abroad want to make sure that expatriates do not return.



Countries with patriotic migrants abroad are quite certain that their migrators remain patriotic.

•  Countries with foreign immigrants want to guarantee the immigrants are patriotic to the new country.

• 16 Pure love and suspicion cannot dwell together: at the door where the latter enters, the former makes its exit.

•  There is no love without suspicion.

•  Love and suspicion are roommates.

•  Love without suspicion is not pure love.

•  Pure love and suspicion are incompatible.

請依下文回答第 17 題至第 21 題

One of the most legendary stories of alchemy is that of Nicholas Flamel. According to the legend, he lived in Paris during the 14th century, where he worked as a copyist. During the performance of his duties, he came across a very large and very ancient book, bound in brass and written on papyrus leaves gilded with gold.

The writing on the cover was in a strange and unknown language, and the book was organized into three sections of seven leaves each. Strange images and figures were painted on the seventh leaf of each section, including a virgin being swallowed by serpents, a serpent being crucified on a cross, and a beautiful landscape watered by fountains from which many writhing serpents emerged.

Nicholas spent many years in deciphering the writings and the symbols of the book which, of course, included instruction in the process of transmuting base metals into gold. His difficulty was that the secret ingredient, the Philosopher's Stone, was encoded within the paintings, and these he could not figure out. Finally he found a doctor, a Christianized Jew, who was able to help him decode the secret of the magical stone. Nicholas returned to his laboratories in Paris in the company of the doctor, who unfortunately fell sick and died on the way. But after three years of experimentation, Nicholas finally succeeded in producing the 'prime agent' of transmutation, and he and his wife became quite wealthy as a result. By the beginning of the 15th century, they had founded fourteen hospitals, built three chapels, endowed seven churches, and restored cemeteries in Paris and Boulogne. Thus, Nicholas proved himself truly worthy of the secret ingredient of alchemy, by using the profits from his discovery to help humanity rather than solely to enrich himself.

17 Before he came across the ancient book, what was Nicholas Flamel?

•  An alchemist

•  An artisan

•  A copyist

•  A priest

18 Which material is NOT used to produce the ancient book Flamel came across?

•  Brass

•  Gold

•  Silver

•  Papyrus

19 Which of the following statements is true about the ancient book?

•  The language on the cover was written in French.

•  There were altogether 18 pages missing from the book.

•  There were 5 paintings gilded with gold inside the book.

•  Snakes were the major animals drawn in the book.

20 Who helped Nicholas to decipher the secret of the Philosopher's Stone?

•  A Frenchman

•  A Jew

•  A virgin

•  A philosopher

21 Which of the following words best describes the character of Nicholas?

•  Generous

•  Greedy

•  Optimistic

•  Pessimistic

請依下文回答第 22 題至第 25 題

If you cheated on your spouse, would you admit it to a researcher? That question is one of the biggest challenges in the scientific study of marriage. 22 Surveys conducted in person are likely to underestimate the real rate of adultery because people are reluctant to admit such behavior not just to their spouses but to anyone. For example, researchers from the University of Colorado and Texas A&M surveyed 4,884 married women, using face-to-face interviews and anonymous computer questionnaires. 23 In contrast, on the computer questionnaire, more than 6 percent did.

A handful of new studies suggest surprising changes in the marital landscape in the United States. 24 For example, University of Washington researchers have found that the lifetime rate of infidelity for men over 60 increased from 20 to 28 percent to 15 percent. 25 About 20 percent of men and 15 percent of women under 35 say they have ever been unfaithful, up from about 15 and 12 percent, respectively, over the past fifteen years. While infidelity rates do appear to be rising, a vast majority of people still say adultery is wrong, and most men and women do not appear to be unfaithful.

• 22  Notably, a surprisingly increasing number of younger women appear to be cheating on their spouses.

•  Their findings show that infidelity appears to be on the rise, particularly among older people and young couples.

•  At the same time, experts say that surveys appearing in sources like women's magazines may overstate the adultery rate.

•  And interestingly, it helps explain why different studies produce different estimates of infidelity rates in the United States.

• 23  The researchers also see big changes in relatively new marriages in younger couples.

•  In the interviews, only 1 percent of women said they had been unfaithful to their husbands in the past year.

•  At the same time, experts say that surveys appearing in sources like women's magazines may overstate the adultery rate.

•  And interestingly, it helps explain why different studies produce different estimates of infidelity rates in the United States.

• 24  Notably, a surprisingly increasing number of younger women appear to be cheating on their spouses.

•  In the interviews, only 1 percent of women said they had been unfaithful to their husbands in the past year.

•  Their findings show that infidelity appears to be on the rise, particularly among older people and young couples.

•  At the same time, experts say that surveys appearing in sources like women's magazines may overstate the adultery rate.

• 25  The researchers also see big changes in relatively new marriages in younger couples.

•  Notably, a surprisingly increasing number of younger women appear to be cheating on their spouses.

•  Their findings show that infidelity appears to be on the rise, particularly among older people and young couples.

•  At the same time, experts say that surveys appearing in sources like women's magazines may overstate the adultery rate.

10130 -11030

102 年公務人員升官等考試、 102 年關務人員升官等考試 102 年交通事業郵政、港務、公路人員升資考試試題 代號 ： 全一頁 11730 -11930 30130

等別(級)： 簡任

類科(別)： 一般行政、一般民政、社會行政、人事行政、戶政、教育行政、 司法行政、法制、關務類-關務

科 目： 行政法研究

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 一、各類行政法規常規定得對檢舉人發給檢舉獎金，甚至有所謂「檢舉達人」之獎金年 收入高達新臺幣百萬之鉅。試問決定是否發給檢舉獎金之法律性質為何？如行政機 關對檢舉人提出之檢舉認為不成立違法而函復不給予檢舉獎金者，檢舉人能否請求救 濟？（ 25 分）

• 二、行政機關依各項相關法令核發民眾補助後，發現補助資格之認定或補助金額之計算 發生錯誤，乃向民眾追繳受領之補助。試問此一追繳措施應以何種方式為之？民眾 對之得為如何抗辯？（ 25 分）

• 三、近日常有大學生於公開場合向元首或官員丟鞋抗議，如因此遭就讀學校記過或退學， 試問該學生如何請求救濟？且若因受退學處分而致中斷學業須入伍服役者，該學生 又得如何請求救濟？（ 25 分）

• 四、近日有不肖食用油製造業者，於各類產品中造假摻和，企圖以低廉且有害人體健康 之原料，混充高價產品出售以謀求暴利。試問應如何適用行政罰法之法理予以嚴懲， 方能杜絕此類重大惡質之違法行為？（ 25 分）