代號：

10110-11010

30110-30610

頁次：

4 － 1

110 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及 外交行政人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員、民航人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：各類科組

科

目：國文（作文、公文與測驗）

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、作文與公文部分：甲、申論題部分：

• 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上由左至右橫式作答，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

  不得於試卷上書寫姓名或座號。

一、作文：（ 60 分）

東京奧運國家體育場上，義大利跳高選手坦貝里（ Tamberi ）和卡達 選手巴爾希姆（ Barshim ）跳越了 2.37 公尺，平分秋色，可惜都未能 打破 2.39 公尺的奧運紀錄。坦貝里因過於疲憊而宣布棄賽，巴爾希 姆隨即詢問評審：「如果我也退出最後的嘗試，我們兩人是否可以共 享金牌？」評審回應：「是的，你們可以。」於是巴爾希姆決定共享 金牌，此時坦貝里激動的跳起來緊緊擁抱巴爾希姆，興奮忘我的狂 叫、在地上翻滾！全場觀眾看到這一幕也為之動容，這是體育精神和 團結行為的展現，也是真摯情感的流露。羅曼·羅蘭 （ Romain Rolland ） 說過：「沒有一個人是完全幸福的。所謂幸福，是在於認清一個人的 限度而安於這個限度。」你是否贊同羅曼·羅蘭的看法？你又是否同 意幸福與人共享，它的價值會越增加？而這與羅曼·羅蘭的幸福觀有 所牴觸嗎？請以「幸福共享」為題，詳加舉證分析，暢抒己見。

二、公文：（ 20 分）

背景說明：

• （一）根據報載，臺灣今年遭逢自 1947 年以來最嚴重乾旱，石門大壩 水位一度降至最低 202.89 公尺，蓄水率僅餘 7.66% ，等同桃園 市民只剩 11 天用水量，情況相當嚴峻。遲來梅雨鋒面直至 5 月 底、 6 月初幾波降雨，缺水危機才獲得緩解。石門水庫迎來久旱 甘霖，大批網友爭相通報，萬人頓時湧入「桃園智慧旅遊雲」 的「石門水庫即時影像」觀看直播，看著水位慢慢回升，感 覺格外舒心療癒。

• （二） 「即時影像」能隨時提供民眾查看路況、天氣及旅遊等資訊，尤 其因應新冠疫情，民眾透過即時影像直播網，即能快速瞭解觀 光景區實況，避免前往人潮擁擠地點，暴露於群聚感染風險之中。

座號：

•  桃夭及時

• （三）桃園市政府觀光旅遊局業於石門水庫壩頂、永安漁港、大溪 老街、大溪橋畔、拉拉山遊客中心、小烏來天空步道及寰宇平 台、角板山生態池及梅園、虎頭山奧爾森林學堂、後慈湖與慈 湖水岸廣場等處，架設「桃園觀光即時影像」直播系統 （ https://travel.tycg.gov.tw/zh-tw/multimedia/live-camera ） ， 同步連 結 市 府 官 方 旅 遊 頻 道 「 桃 園 智 慧 旅 遊 雲 」 平 台 （ https://www.youtube.com/TaoyuanTravel/featured ） ，提供民眾即 時觀賞。

• （四）若下載「桃園智慧遊」 、 「桃園輕鬆 GO 」 APP ，除可直接觀看即 時影像，尚能立即取得景點開放時間、氣象、停車、即時路況、 商家優惠、住宿等訊息，方便旅客出遊前，預先掌握各項資訊， 安心享受歡樂旅遊時光。

題目：

桃園市政府函請桃園市旅行商業同業公會、桃園市旅館商業同業公 會、桃園市飯店協會、桃園市民宿發展協會等觀光商旅公（協）會， 廣為宣傳上述影像系統及旅遊軟體，並轉知會員業者，多加使用，以 利掌握即時資訊。

乙、測驗題部分：（ 20 分）

代號： 1101

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

•  共 10 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 杜甫〈茅屋為秋風所破歌〉 ： 「安得廣廈千萬間，大庇天下寒士俱歡顏。」詩中「安 得」 ，表達他在亂世的祝願。下列詩句，何者與此表達方式不同？

•  青衫玉貌何處去，安得紅旗遮頭白  南望青松架短壑，安得赤腳踏層冰

•  安得務農息戰鬥，普天無吏橫索錢  安得壯士挽天河，淨洗甲兵長不用

• 2 下列題辭，何者不適用於賀女子出嫁？

•  玉燕投懷

•  雀屏妙選

•  摽梅迨吉

• 3 世信虛妄之書，以為載於竹帛上者，皆聖賢所傳，無不然之事，故信而是之，諷而 讀之；睹真是之傳，與虛妄之書相違，則并謂短書不可信用。夫幽冥之實尚可知， 沈隱之情尚可定，顯文露書，是非易見，籠總并傳，非實事，用精不專，無思於事 也。 （王充《論衡‧書虛》 ）

有關上文對於「讀書」的見解，下列選項何者最適當？

•  盡信書不如無書，讀書人必須有主見

•  竹帛之書多屬上古傳聞，可信度較低

•  專一致志，才能明辨書中內容的對錯

•  強調讀書的目的，在於汲取聖賢之道

頁次：

4 － 3

• 4 魏文（曹丕）之才，洋洋清綺，舊談抑之，謂去（曹）植千里，……俗情抑揚，雷 同一響，遂令文帝以位尊減才，思王以勢窘益價，未為篤論也。 （ 《文心雕龍‧才略》 ） 關於上文所述，下列選項何者正確？

•  曹植因為對王位的野心讓其聲價減損

•  曹植被舊說所貶抑這是不正確的評價

•  曹丕與曹植的世俗評價雷同不相上下

•  世人對曹丕曹植的評價未必有可信度

• 5 蜀賈三人，皆賣藥于市。其一人專取良，計入以為出，不虛價亦不過取贏。一人良 不良皆取焉，其價之賤貴，惟買者之欲，而隨以其良不良應之。一人不取良，惟其 多賣，則賤其價，請益則益之不較，於是爭趨之，其門之限月一易，歲餘而大富。 其兼取者趨稍緩，再期亦富。其專取良者，肆日中如宵，旦食而昏不足。 （ 《郁離子‧ 蜀賈》 ）

針對上文故事中第三個商人行為的描述，最恰當的是：

•  因勢利導，手段靈活

 迎合顧客，唯利是圖

•  從善如流，薄利多銷

•  循序操作，大發利市

• 6 「音樂神童莫札特從小就被父親逼著練琴、學音樂，後來因得了天花，面容醜陋，大 家都不喜歡他，日子過得十分痛苦。但在創作音樂的過程裡，他忘記了時間、忘記 了空間，這一生所受的苦難、委屈，所有因練琴而帶來的痛苦在那一瞬間全部洗滌 了，生命真正的意義因此浮現，他完成了人生裡屬於他的那首歌。宇宙的創造力透 過他獨特的個人性而彰顯出來。很多人沒有認識到這一點，以他理性認知最實際的 方式生活，為了求生存、賺取更多的錢，完全沒有接觸到自己的天命，埋沒了特殊 的才能。結果，他過得並不快樂。」

根據上文，下列選項最接近作者旨趣的是：

•  若沒有父親的嚴格要求，莫札特就無法創作音樂；人生吃得苦中苦，才能成為人 上人

•  遵循自己的天性，做喜歡的事，方可發揮這一生最大的創造力，豐厚生命並造福 他人

•  唯有遺忘世間諸種苦難，生命意義才得以浮現，所以我們須學會遺忘，學會苦中 作樂

•  快樂與否操之在己，若能以最理性、實際的方式謀求生活，就能快樂的賺取更多 的錢

7 以下文字是袁宏道寫給朋友的書信：

作吳令，無復人理，幾不知有昏朝寒暑矣。何也？錢穀多如牛毛，人情茫如風影， 過客積如蚊蟲，官長尊如閻老。以故七尺之軀，疲於奔命；十圍之腰，綿於弱柳。 每照鬚眉，輒爾自嫌，故園松菊，若復隔世。夫伯鸞（東漢隱士梁鴻）傭工人耳， 尚爾逃世；彭澤（陶淵明）乞丐子耳，羞見督郵，而況鄉黨自好之士乎？但以作吏 此中，尚有一二件未了事欲了，故爾遲遲，亦是名根未除。若復桃花水發，魚苗風 生，請看漁郎歸棹，別是一番行徑矣。嗟乎，袁生豈復人間人耶？寫至此，不覺神 魂俱動，尊丈幸勿笑其迂也。

根據上文，可知作者最嚮往的是：

•  貪杯好飲

•  生活閒趣

•  人情往還

•  全真養氣

• 8 「大起大落戲劇化的人生，現實裡並不多見，闊別多年再相逢，更印證了這樣的道理。 年輕時的壯志豪情，並不能保證甚麼，當初看起來該有番作為的，不都和自己一樣 老老實實結婚去了，找的頭路也穩當得可以，婚姻狀況不明的，歇業轉業中的，多 半因為消受不了過多的關愛而告缺席，放眼望去在座的，不管是外貌、成就，實在 和自己相差不遠，酒足飯飽之餘，細說從前，感慨人生，且默默驚歎歲月是如此公 允，同儕的感情就這麼給喚醒了。」

關於此文意涵，下列敘述正確的是：

•  笑談少年築夢，今日豐收同聚同樂  感懷少年情誼，今日全員聚首同樂

•  少時同學相聚，回首人生抒發感慨  人生悲歡無常，富貴貧賤共桌同慨

• 9 「一個賣瓷碗的老人挑著扁擔在路上走著，突然一個瓷碗掉到地上摔碎了，但是老人 頭也不回地繼續向前走。路人看到覺得很奇怪，便問： 『為什麼你的碗摔碎了，你卻 不看一下呢？』老人答道： 『我再怎麼回頭看，碗還是碎的。』 」

上文所述，提醒吾人當思：

•  居常慮變，處易備猝

•  憂患得失，境隨心轉

•  能屈能伸，不主故常

•  覆水難收，棄舊前瞻

• 10 「老與病，是考驗一個社會文明與否、最具鑑別度的題目；病，蓋一家醫院，不致引 起居民反彈，一則對自己方便，再者也有助於房價。但是，要設一間疾病收治或收 容之家，必然引起強烈反彈，理由不外乎：影響生活品質、小孩害怕、影響房價、 傳染之虞。都說要敬老，個別地禮敬長者不成問題，但當政府要蓋銀髮住宅時，居 民反對的聲浪四起，理由不外乎：影響生活品質、小孩害怕、打擊房價、充斥外傭 與救護車。老與病，是兩根探針，一針見血地刺開我們心中根深柢固的歧視意識形 態。」

下列選項，何者最符合上文旨意？

•  批判政府的敬老與醫病政策徒有其表

•  指責大眾對待老人和病人的心態很惡劣

•  興建醫院與疾病收容所，大眾的迎拒反映社會文明

•  興建醫院相較於興建銀髮住宅，更能彰顯社會福利

代號：

11050

頁次：

1

－

1

110 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及 外交行政人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：外交實務英文寫作（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

※注意：

 禁止使用電子計算器。

 請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者， 不予計分。

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 You are a junior official joining our government's delegation for a meeting in Brussels held by the Steel Committee at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in April 2016, and your delegation, as an invited observer, was forced to leave the meeting on the request of the Chinese communist authorities. Compose a formal letter of protest, including the layout of such a letter, to the OECD Steel Committee and illustrate our government's position and arguments. The information provided in your answer does not necessarily have to be based on facts. (30%)

• 二、 Draft an official letter responding to a Taiwan-based foreign ambassador who inquires about the contemporary South China Sea policy of our government. (30%)

• 三、 Compose a brief United Nations General Assembly resolution that calls for further cooperation between the United Nations and the Pacific Islands Forum. (20%)

• 四、 Burkina Faso decided to sever its diplomatic relations with our country in May 2018. Prepare for the foreign media briefing materials that explain the context and the position our government held. (20%)

座號：

代號：

11040

頁次：

3

－

1

110 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及 外交行政人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際傳播（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（

75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者， 不予計分。

•  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 Please provide examples to explain the difference between 'information' and 'intelligence.' (5%) What kind of changes did the 'information revolution' bring about to international communication? (10%) How did it cast impacts to the international relations? (10%)

• 二、 What does it mean by 'media imperialism'? (5%) What was the background of it? (10%) How has it impacted national sovereignty and international relations? (10%)

• 三、 Please explain the terms 'public diplomacy' and 'national branding.' (10%) How does the public diplomacy help to build up national branding? (15%)

• 乙、測驗題部分：（

25 分）

代號：

4110

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 Which of the following scholars published the book Mass Communications and American Empire in 1969, in which he argues that the global expansion of the American communication industry results in the loss of cultural sovereignty of the developing countries?

•  Daniel Lerner.

•  Herbert Schiller.

•  John Tomlinson.

•  Immanuel Wallerstein.

• 2 Which of the following statements about the domestication of news is correct?

•  It is usually used in reporting criminal cases.

•  It is a public diplomacy means to evoke the empathy of audiences in other countries.

•  It is a process in which journalists construct the relationships between foreign incidents and local audiences.

•  It refers to the socialization process of news workers.

• 3 Which of the following statements with regard to Al Jazeera, an international Arabic news channel based in Doha, Qatar is correct?

•  It offers pan-Arabic viewpoints different from those offered by Western media.

•  The news is subject to the direction by the radical religious groups in the Arab world.

•  It does not have a Chinese website.

•  Its programs or reports do not touch upon the taboo issues in the Islamic world.

• 4 Which of the following statements with regard to the digital divide among countries is correct?

•  The problem caused by the digital divide is the least obvious in Africa.

•  The digital development of the countries with poor economic conditions has been apparently marginalized.

•  There is no international discussion about or even action on the solution to the problem caused by the digital divide.

•  The digital divide is not the focus of transnational governance, thus posing no threat.

• 5 Based on the World System Theory, which of the following statements about international information flows is correct?

•  News information flows are more symmetric between two power-parallel nations.

•  News information would never flow between two power-nonparallel nations.

•  News information would flow between two power-nonparallel nations only if they become powerparallel.

•  News information would flow across the national boundaries at ease and without restrictions.

• 6 Which of the following schools of thought believes that emerging countries should emulate the Western modernization and ways of life, and it encourages and supports the emerging countries to construct their media infrastructures?

•  Globalization.

•  Development communication.

•  Cultural imperialism.

•  World system theories.

• 7 The film production hub in which of the following countries is known as 'Wellywood'?

•  India.

•  Canada.

•  The United Kingdom.

•  New Zealand.

• 8 Which of the following international events in the 1990s established CNN its crucial status in the international news flow by the provision of a huge amount of real-time coverage?

•  The disintegration of the Soviet Union.

•  The reunion of East and West Germany.

•  The Gulf War.

•  The Northern Irish guerrilla warfare.

• 9 According to the 2021 World Press Freedom Index, how many countries in the world where freedom of speech in the media is partly or completely restricted?

•  50-70.

•  Less than 50.

•  More than 100.

•  70-100.

• 10 Which of the following statements about the U.S. Freedom of Information Act is correct?

•  Non-U.S. citizens or entities can also make a request.

•  It can be applied not only to the journalists.

•  It mandates that an agency under request should fully disclose its previously withheld or concealed information.

•  It preempts no excuses from this federal law.

• 11 Social media platforms are an emerging international media. Which of the following statements about social media platforms is NOT correct?

•  Twitter removed 150,000 accounts that touted People's Republic of China in June 2020 for being highly involved in disinformation dissemination.

•  Former U.S. President Trump was suspended or blocked by Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube for his improper speech.

•  In early 2021, YouTube removed nearly 3,000 accounts on account of sending error messages by the users.

•  Facebook has set up the Oversight Board, which can suspend users' accounts, in order to deal with content disputes.

12

When was the Satellite Broadcasting Law that legalized overseas satellite channels in Taiwan enacted?

•  1991.

•  1992.

•  1996.

•  1999.

• 13 Which of the following policies proclaimed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1972 that allowed non-governmental organizations to apply for the satellite orbit, and consequently ended the monopolization of satellite by governments?

•  Free Satellite.

•  Open Sky.

•  Sky Deregulated.

•  Project Allocation of Satellite Orbit.

• 14 Which of the following media is the first online media awarded The Pulitzer Prize?

•  Pro Publica.

•  OhmyNews.

•  iReport.

•  Wikileaks.

• 15 The headquarter of 'La Nueva Televisora del Sur' (teleSUR), a Latin American television network established in 2005, is located in which of the following countries?

•  Cuba.

•  Chile.

•  Argentina.

•  Venezuela.

• 16 Which of the following statements about the Creative Cities Network, an international project launched in 2004, is correct?

•  It has a great influence on the promotion of cultural diversity and creative industries.

•  It mainly assists cities in powerful nations to construct mainstream culture and to carry out large- scale cultural export.

•  It is a project launched by the European Union.

•  It is resourceful in funding rather than experience sharing.

• 17 Which of the following statements about public diplomacy and traditional diplomacy is correct?

•  The key role of public diplomacy is the state; the key role of traditional diplomacy is the people.

•  Public diplomacy aims at shaping preferences; traditional diplomacy aims at imposing ideas.

•  Public diplomacy derives its power from coercion; traditional diplomacy derives its power from attraction.

•  Public diplomacy is maintained through propaganda; traditional diplomacy is maintained through partnership.

• 18 'In the process of propaganda, the source of information can be clearly identified and the messages are also reasonably close to the truth. Nevertheless, the result of the propaganda tends to favor the sender.' What kind of propaganda does this description refer to?

•  Colorless propaganda.

•  White propaganda.

•  Gray propaganda.

•  Black propaganda.

• 19 Which of the following statements CANNOT be considered as public diplomacy?

•  Taiwan's government advocated the East China Sea Peace Initiative to help various countries understand Taiwan's determination to participate in the international community.

•  Taiwan's government promulgated 'Taiwan Can Help' during the COVID-19 pandemic, and provided medical aid to the international community.

•  Taipei organized the 2017 FISU World University Games and hosted athletes from all over the world.

•  Taiwan Fact Check Center investigated fake news circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

• 20 The roles of international news organizations and noted journalists become prominent in international politics and diplomatic affairs. Given this, the concept of 'media-broker diplomacy' is derived. Which of the following practices does NOT characterize the term?

•  Holding a spectacular live media event under the instruction of the authority.

•  Engaging actively in mediation between the counterparts.

•  Bridging rivals by organizing a forum for in-person discussions on any dividing issues.

•  Avoiding detail revelation of the ongoing international negotiations to facilitate crisis resolutions.

代號：

11030

頁次：

4 － 1

110 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及 外交行政人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際關係與近代外交史（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（ 75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者， 不予計分。

•  請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 The Biden administration decided to withdraw troops from Afghanistan and end the 20-year US military presence there. Please analyze the background of the US troop withdrawal from Afghanistan and the development of the power balance in this region between the U.S., China, and Russia from the 'balance of power' theory. (20 points)

• 二、 In order to resolve the South China Sea dispute, China and the ten ASEAN countries signed the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) in 2002. This June (2021), the foreign ministers of China and the ASEAN countries held a special meeting in Chongqing to discuss how to implement this declaration to properly handle the South China Sea dispute. Please explore the changes in China's perceptions of national interests and choices in the process of participating in the negotiation of this declaration from the perspective of neo-realism and neo-liberal institutionalism, and analyze them from the viewpoints of 'relative gains' and 'absolute gains.' (20 points)

• 三、 The rivalry and confrontation between the United States and China are becoming increasingly heated. Some people believe that the current situation is quite similar to the pre-World War I period, and are therefore concerned about the possibility of the next great war. Please answer the following questions: (1) What were the causes of the First World War? Using your knowledge of modern diplomatic history, please cite at least three factors to explain them. (15 points) (2) What are the substantive issues that cause serious friction and confrontation between the U.S. and China? What are the potential flash points that may trigger a conflict between the two powers? Is there any similarity between the current situation and the situation before the First World War? Is it likely that the rivalry between the two powers results in another major war? Please try to use the ideas or theories of international relations to discuss the questions. (20 points)

乙、測驗題部分：（ 25 分）

代號：

3110

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

•  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 In the book Destined for War , Graham Allison argues that China and the United States are heading toward a war that neither of them wants. Which of the following is the most relevant to analyze this phenomenon?

•  Mutual Assured Destruction.

•  Thucydides's Trap.

•  Kindleberger Trap.

•  Balance of Terror.

• 2 Which of the following is the 'mercantilist' view of International Political Economy?

•  Free trade is the best means of enhancing economic security.

•  The global economy is an arena of capitalist competition.

•  The world economy is where states seek to maximize their wealth and national security.

•  Signing a regional economic cooperation agreement with other states.

• 3 Which of the following dose NOT correctly explain 'global governance'?



It refers to a global government, trying to settle the confrontation among states.

•  It refers to a problem-solving approach, trying to pursue sustainable development.

•  The actors of global governance include nation states, international and regional organizations, non- governmental organizations, and multinational corporations.

•  Good governance is the objective of global governance.

• 4 During the Covid-19 pandemic, countries around the world immediately closed their borders, imposed export bans on vaccines and pharmaceutical equipment, and the U.S. and China competed on vaccine diplomacy. Which of the following best explains the phenomena above?

•  Realism.

•  Liberalism.

•  Globalism.

•  Protectionism.

• 5 China keeps challenging the global power status of the United States. Which of the following level of analysis does the preceding statement pertain to?

•  Individual level.

•  Organizational level.

•  State level.

•  System level.

• 6 The Five Eyes Alliance (FVEY) is often mentioned in international affairs. Which of the following is NOT a member of the Five Eyes Alliance?

•  The United States.

•  The United Kingdom.

•  South Africa.

•  New Zealand.

• 7 When did the International Arbitration Court rule on the sovereignty disputes between China and the Philippines over the Scarborough Reef?

•  in 2013.

•  in 2015.

•  in 2016.

•  in 2017.

• 8 After the government heads of the United States and Japan held a summit on April 18, 2021, they made the U.S.-Japan Summit Joint Statement. Which of the following issue was mentioned in this joint statement?

•  Review of the United States' One-China Policy.

•  Emphasis on joint military exercises among the U.S., Japan and Taiwan.

•  Emphasis on the importance of peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait.

•  Promoting the Japanese version of the Taiwan Relations Act.

• 9 Which of the following is now a member of both the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and the Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)?

•  India.

•  Australia.

•  China.

•  Thailand.

• 10 Which of the following is NOT a signatory to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)?

•  China.

•  Japan.

•  The United States.

•  The United Kingdom.

• 11 Several conflicts had happened between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War era, please arrange the following conflicts in time order: ① The Korean War ② The Cuban Missile Crisis ③ The Suez Canal Crisis ④ The Berlin Blockade.

•  ④①③②

•  ④②③①

•  ③④②①

•  ③①④②

• 12 After the end of the First World War, the movement of decolonization had been actively developing in the 1920s, the 'abolition of unequal treaties' movement had also been unfolded in China. Which of the following is incorrect?

•  Dr. Sun Yat-Sen announced the declaration of the first Kuomingtang National Assembly in Guangzhou in 1924, calling for abolishing the unequal treaties.

•  In May 1925, lots of Chinese students went on a demonstration because some Chinese workers were shot by a Japanese factory owner over the industrial disputes. The British police caused injuries and deaths in the Shanghai Settlement on May 3 rd . The incident is known as 'May 3 rd Massacre,' resulting in the demand of abolishing unequal treaties.

•  While the disputes between foreign factory owners and Chinese labors deteriorated in 1925, the Guangzhou Revolutionary Government mobilized a series of strikes, which lasted for 16 months. Consequently, Hong Kong economy was in depression and hit the British business activity heavily.

•  After the National Revolutionary Army began its Northern Expedition in January 1927 and conquered Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provinces, the Nationalist Government retrieved the British Settlement in Hankou and Jiujiang, and the anti-imperialism movement reached its climax.

• 13 The U.S. was once eager to mediate the conflict between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party during the 1940s. Which of the following statement is correct?

•  After the Pearl Harbor incident, the U.S. sent Joseph W. Stilwell as special envoy to mediate the conflict between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party.

•  After World War II, the U.S. sent George C. Marshall as special envoy for mediating the conflict between Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party. Consequently, the Chongqing meeting was held and attended by Marshall, Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong.

•  Given that both the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party failed to adhere to the armistice agreement, US President Franklin D. Roosevelt imposed arms embargo on China, and thus changed the situation of China's civil war.

•  In August 1949, the US State Department issued the China White Paper. It attributed the causes and the deteriorating situation in China to the government of the Republic of China.

• 14 After World War II, which treaty was signed by Japan to renounce all rights and claims on Taiwan and the Pescadores?

•  Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan.

•  Treaty of Peace with Japan.

•  Potsdam Declaration.

•  Treaty of Peace between the Republic of China and Japan.

• 15 Regarding the process of German unification prior to 1871, which of the following statement is incorrect?

•  The Customs Union led by Prussia helped to pave the way to national unification.

•  Prussia, excluding Austria's involvement, provoked the war against Denmark over sovereignty dispute of Schleswig and Holstein in 1864.

•  Prussia adopted a lenient policy toward Austria after their war so as to reduce hatred and resistance from Austria.

•  Napoleon III forced Prussia not to intervene into the succession of Spanish throne, resulting in their worsening relationship and consequently into war.

• 16 China's Northeast region had been reckoned as one of Far East's gunpowder kegs in the early 20th century, which of the following statement is incorrect?

•  Japan established the Director Government of Guandong State in Liaoyang as the political and military ruling authority.

•  Japan and Russia reached a secret treaty in 1907, dividing Manchuria into the southern and northern parts. The southern Manchuria and Korea was under Japan's sphere of influence, and the northern Manchuria and Outer Mongolia was under Russia's sphere of influence.

•  Japan presented the Twenty-One Demands to Yuan Shikai in 1915, demanding special rights to Manchuria and Inner Mongolia.

•  After Yuan Shikai's death, Japan actively supported and cultivated warlord Duan Qirui for controlling Manchuria behind the scene.

• 17 Facing the threat of western powers, the Qing government tried to carry out on major political reforms to strengthen China's national power. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

•  The Self-Strengthening Movement was mainly for the purpose of enhancing China's national power.

•  The defeat of China by the Anglo-French allied forces in 1860 proved the failure of the SelfStrengthening Movement.

•  The defeat of China in the first Sino-Japanese War prompted Emperor Guangxu to undertake major reforms.

•  The projects of the WuXu Reform included establishing a naval academy, agricultural schools, and business schools.

• 18 The Washington Naval Conference was held in November 1921 chiefly by the U.S. and U.K. What was the main purpose of the conference?

•  The Versailles Treaty had not been ratified by the US Congress, the U.S. hoped to solve the problem relating to Japan's special rights in Shandong.

•  In response to the success of the Russian Revolution, the U.K. intended to strengthen the AngloJapanese Alliance through the conference in order to keep fighting with Russia.

•  In order to counter the rising Soviet Union, the U.S. and U.K. encouraged Japan to build a powerful navy and to enlarge the size of Japanese fleet.

•  The Washington Naval Conference concluded with the signing of the Nine-Power Treaty, which guaranteed the integrity of China's territorial sovereignty and ensured Japan's special rights in China.

• 19 Among the treaties that the Qing government signed with foreign powers, which one made China lose the biggest territory ever?

•  Treaty of Nerchinsk.

•  Treaty of Beijing.

•  Treaty of Aigun.

•  Treaty of Nanjing

• 20 Which of the following statement is correct regarding America's Open Door Policy in 1899?

•  The Great Britain hoped China be partitioned, thus not supporting America's Open Door Policy.

•  The advocacy of Open Door Policy reflected America's expansionist intention.

•  The US Secretary of State James Monroe sent ultimatums in 1898, requesting great powers to ensure equal business opportunities for all countries in China.

•  The U.S. used armed forces several times in defending the Open Door Policy in China.

110 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及 外交行政人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

代號：

2101

頁次： 4 － 1

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科各組

科

目：綜合法政知識（包括中華民國憲法、兩岸關係、比較政府與政治）

考試時間：

1 小時

座號：

※注意：

•  本試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

•  本科目共 50 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

•  禁止使用電子計算器。

• 1 有關民主原則，下列敘述何者錯誤？

 我國憲政體制係採直接民主制

•  我國之主權屬於全體國民

•  人民行使國家主權的方式，多係透過投票的方式為之

•  原則上以多數決定之

• 2 憲法及增修條文關於「軍人」之規定，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  現役軍人不得兼任文官

•  國家應對軍人退役後之就學、就業予以保障

•  現役軍人應受軍事審判

•  全國陸海空軍應超出黨派

• 3 依司法院釋字第 756 號解釋意旨，關於憲法秘密通訊自由，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  受刑人在監禁期間，人身自由遭受限制，惟其秘密通訊自由等基本權利，仍受憲法之保障

•  監獄長官閱讀受刑人發受書信，涉及對秘密通訊自由核心內涵之干預

•  監獄長官為確認有無夾帶違禁品而檢查受刑人書信，並不當然影響通訊內容之秘密性

•  監獄長官令受刑人刪除書信部分內容後再發出，如以法律或法律具體明確授權之命令定之，即為憲法所許

• 4 依司法院大法官解釋，若法律規定國家對宗教之監督僅適用於佛、道教，未對其他宗教為相同之限制，該 法律規定是否合憲？

•  違憲，因為宗教自由乃是不得以法律限制之基本權

 違憲，因為宗教自由之限制乃是內政部之行政保留事項

•  違憲，因為違反宗教中立原則與宗教平等原則

 合憲，因為國家對宗教自由得以法律為必要之限制

• 5 關於憲法平等權，下列何者尚非司法院大法官解釋曾闡述之內涵？

•  對相同事物為差別待遇而無正當理由

•  所採取分類與規範目的之達成間是否具一定關聯性

•  是否以促進社會多元化為規範目的

•  對於不同事物未為合理之差別待遇

• 6 下列何者不屬於訴訟權之保障範圍？

•  裁判應妥速進行，不得耗時過久

•  訴訟費用不得過高，超出人民可得負擔之程度

•  所有訴訟程序，均應採取三級三審制



人民提起之行政訴訟，應得請求暫時權利保護

• 7 有關憲法未明文列舉之權利，下列敘述何者正確？

•  不受保障

•  不妨害社會秩序公共利益者，受憲法保障

•  修憲後方得保障



不妨害國家主權者，受憲法保障

• 8 依憲法規定及大法官解釋，人民基本權利之保障與限制，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  憲法未明文列舉規定之自由權利的保障與限制，其依據為第 22 條及第 23 條

•  基於人性尊嚴之理念，個人主體性及人格之自由發展，應受憲法保障

•  凡憲法保障之基本權利，均僅得對國家主張

•  憲法有明文列舉規定的基本權利之限制依據為憲法第 23 條

• 9 依憲法或憲法增修條文規定，下列何者並非總統之職權？

•  全國陸海空軍之統帥權

•  院際爭議調解權

• 10 關於行政院之財政權，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  行政院於會計年度開始 3 個月前，應將下年度預算案提出於立法院

•  行政院於會計年度結束後 4 個月內，應提出決算於監察院

•  立法院對於行政院所提預算案，不得為增減支出之提議

•  行政院對於司法院所提出之年度司法概算，不得刪減，但得加註意見

 緊急命令發布權

 議決國家其他重要事項之權

• 11 關於立法權之敘述，下列何者正確？

•  立法院為國家最高立法機關，惟地方議會更具有在地性，因此中央法律不得與自治規章有所牴觸  基於民主正當性，立法院得於每年集會前，要求總統進行國情報告

•  立法院經總統解散後，在新選出的立法委員就職前，為求議事不中斷，會期應續行之

•  立法委員不得兼任官吏，亦不得兼任公營事業機構之職務

• 12 下列何者並非考試院所屬機關？  公務人員保障暨培訓委員會

•  考選部

• 13 我國現行大法官釋憲制度不屬於下列那一類型？  集中審查型  分散審查型

• 14 有關司法權行使界限，下列敘述何者錯誤？

•  總統基於裁量權限所為之統治行為，非司法權應作合憲性審查之事項

•  法律授權行政機關的專業判斷事項，其合法性之判斷不受司法審查

•  人民基於志願組成之自治性團體，其本身設置之紀律規範，司法權不宜介入

•  議會對其內部的議事活動與秩序維持，享有自治空間，司法權原則上應儘量尊重

• 依憲法及地方制度法規定，有關地方自治，下列敘述何者錯誤？  地方自治團體具備公法人地位  省為非地方自治團體  內政部監督直轄市  鄉鎮市已非地方自治團體

• 我國國際空間屢屢遭受中共的打壓，請問下列那一個國際組織臺灣仍然是會員？

•  聯合國

•  世界衛生組織

•  世界貿易組織

•  國際民用航空組織

• 17 我國為防範境外敵對勢力之滲透干預，確保國家安全及社會安定，維護國家主權及自由民主憲政秩序，特 於 2020 年 1 月制定反滲透法。下列敘述或情形何者正確？

•  所謂境外敵對勢力指與我國交戰或武力對峙之國家、政治實體或團體，但不包括主張採取非和平手段危 害我國主權之國家、政治實體或團體

•  任何人不得受滲透來源之指示、委託或資助，進行遊說法第 2 條所定之遊說行為。違反規定者，處 5 年 以下有期徒刑，得併科新臺幣 1 千萬元以下罰金

•  任何人不得受滲透來源之指示、委託或資助，為總統副總統選舉罷免法第 43 條或公職人員選舉罷免法 第 45 條各款行為。違反規定者，處 5 年以下有期徒刑，得併科新臺幣 1 千萬元以下罰金。

•  臺灣人民共產黨 2021 年 7 月 1 日於臺南紅船基地公開慶祝中國共產黨成立 100 周年，違反反滲透法， 得處 5 年以下有期徒刑，併科新臺幣 1 千萬元以下罰金。

• 18 依據臺灣地區與大陸地區人民關係條例規定，臺灣地區人民具有特定身分者，進入大陸地區應經申請，並 經內政部會同國家安全局、法務部及大陸委員會組成之審查會審查許可。下列何者不包括在內？  政務人員  立法委員  直轄市長  縣（市）長

• 19 我方駐港辦事處的中華民國國籍人員為何於 2021 年 7 月底以前全數撤離？  香港 COVID-19 疫情非常嚴重  我國官員違反港版國安法  我國官員拒絕簽署「一中承諾書」  香港政府下令驅逐我國官員

• 20 針對中國繞過香港立法機構，強行通過「香港版國安法」立法的決議，大幅壓縮香港言論自由和司法獨立， 行政院提出什麼方案來幫助香港人民？  修改香港澳門關係條例  制定難民法

• 

• 啟動「香港人道援助關懷行動專案」  國際法庭控訴中共違反人權

• 下列何者是李登輝總統主政期間推出的政策或措施？  提出一邊一國論  成立海峽交流基金會  開放大陸探親  開放陸客來臺觀光

• 21

• 22 美、中兩國 1972 年所簽訂的「上海公報」中，下列那一項並非其重點內容？

•  美中關係正常化符合兩國利益

•  美國認知一個中國原則，臺灣屬於中國的一部分

•  美國將階段性削減駐臺軍隊及軍事設施

•  美國將終止與臺灣簽訂的共同防禦條約

• 23 2021 年 7 月 1 日，中共中央總書記習近平於《中共建黨百年》講話中主張要堅持一個中國原則和「九二共 識」 ，推進祖國和平統一進程。其實，習近平早在 2019 年 1 月 2 日《告臺灣同胞書》發表 40 周年紀念活 動發表談話時，就提出了「兩岸同屬一個中國，共同努力謀求國家統一」的九二共識。試問下列何者非習 近平的主張？

•  九二共識容許一中各表

•  「和平統一、一國兩制」是實現國家統一的最佳方式

•  制度不同，不是統一的障礙，更不是分裂的藉口。 「一國兩制」的提出，本來就是為了照顧臺灣現實情 況，維護臺灣同胞利益福祉

•  世界上只有一個中國，堅持一個中國原則是公認的國際關係準則，是國際社會普遍共識

 國家人權委員會

 銓敘部

 事後審查型

• 15

• 16

 抽象審查型

• 24

• 「統一戰線」 （或稱「統戰」 ）是中國共產黨的重要統治方式。請問關於「統一戰線」 ，下列何者錯誤？  2006 年中共發布「關於鞏固和壯大新世紀新階段統一戰線的意見」 ，指出目前的統戰工作對象包括私營 企業與外資企業的管理技術人員

•  根據憲法序言，中國人民政治協商會議是有廣泛代表性的統一戰線組織

•  國務院內設有統戰部，由習近平直接領導

 統一戰線的說法，曾出現在列寧的著作中

• 25 中共政府經常召開眾多類型的黨政會議，請問「四中全會」所指為何？

•  全國人民代表大會中央委員會第 4 次全體會議

•  中央人民政府第 4 次全體會議

•  中國人民政治協商第 4 次全體會議

•  中國共產黨中央委員會第 4 次全體會議

• 26 大陸地區人民經許可入境臺灣地區，從事與許可目的不符之活動，且有危害公共秩序的急迫考量，應如何 處理？

•  應直接報請大陸委員會處理

•  國家安全局應遴聘有關機關代表，召開審查會，由國家安全局強制出境

•  得不經審查會審查，由內政部移民署強制出境

•  應直接報請海峽交流基金會強制出境

• 27 《反分裂國家法》在中共那一位領導人當政時所通過？

•  鄧小平

•  胡錦濤

•  習近平

•  江澤民

• 28 中共與美國曾發表「三個聯合公報」 ，作為兩國關係的重要指引。請問這三個公報所指為何？

•  上海公報、建交公報、八一七公報

•  北京公報、建交公報、八一五公報

• 29 請問中共「十四五」規劃，所指為何？

•  第十四個五年遠景目標綱要規劃

•  國民經濟和社會發展第十四個五年規劃

•  北京公報、交流公報、建交公報

•  上海公報、交流公報、八一五公報

•  國家安全與社會穩定第十四個五年規劃

•  中共解放軍建軍第十四個五年規劃

• 30 美國眾議院於 2016 年通過「六項保證」 。請問關於「六項保證」 ，以下何者正確？

•  美國將協助臺灣與中華人民共和國之間的談判

•  美國將協助臺灣加入國際組織

•  美國將保證臺灣民主體制的穩定運作

•  美國沒有計畫要修改《臺灣關係法》

• 31 在比較政府與政治中，常有強國家（ Strong States ） 、弱國家（ Weak States ）和失敗國家（ Failed States ）的 說法。以下關於「弱國家」的敘述，何者是最貼切的？

•  它一般能夠向其公民提供足夠的政治公共財

•  它僅能向其公民提供部分的政治公共財

•  它是如此弱小，以致於它失去了對其部分或全部領土的有效主權

•  它是如此的弱小，以致於它無法保護其疆界

• 32 政治史上第一份限制君主權力的重要文件是：

• 

• 獨立宣言  共產主義宣言  美國憲法  大憲章

• 33 以「什葉派」 （ Shiite ）占多數的兩個穆斯林國家是：

•  阿富汗和伊拉克

•  沙烏地阿拉伯和伊朗

•  伊朗和伊拉克

•  巴基斯坦和阿富汗

• 34 同是議會內閣制國家，印度議會和印度總理的實際權力比起英國議會和英國首相有所不同，造成他們權力 差異的最有可能因素是下列那個？

•  印度是一個聯邦體系國家

•  印度立法機構的設計不同

•  印度政治文化中，對於權力集中的需求較少

•  兩黨制從未在印度真正實現過

• 35 英國議會制度中的集體責任意味著以下那一個？

•  立法機構和行政部門對所有決定都負有共同責任

•  所有內閣成員必須公開支持政府所有的決定

•  內閣成員對政府政策影響不大

•  公民對政府決策負有共同承擔的責任

• 36

38

• 俄羅斯的半總統制與法國的半總統制相比，其主要差別是在以下那個方面？  俄羅斯總統在由兩輪選舉中當選  俄羅斯聯邦議會不能解散



俄羅斯憲法確立了一個異常強大的總統職位



俄羅斯總統無法控制一些政府部門首長

• 37 「由於所有的政黨都必須在特定地區獲得半數以上或相對多數票以贏得該選區的立法席位，因此，多黨制 比較難以存續」 ，以上敘述是比較符合那一個理論或學說？





比較利益法則（

寡頭鐵律（

comparative advantage

）

iron law of oligarchy

）

在歐元區內，誰控制了成員國的財政政策？





德國

比利時









杜瓦傑定律（

Duverger's law

理性選擇理論（

）

rational choice theory

法國

每個成員國控制著自己的財政政策

• 39 第二次世界大戰後的 20 世紀後期，出現了所謂的「日本奇蹟」 ，其最可能的原因是：  協調型市場經濟  自由市場經濟  發展型國家  統合主義式利益集團

• 40 所謂的「黑人的命也是命」 （ Black Lives Matter ）運動，它比較接近那一種案例？  文化革命  經濟革命  宗教革命  抗爭政治

• 41 以下那一個概念是最能解釋「國家是在其領土內唯一能夠制訂和執行法律的權力」？  正當性  國家力量  內部主權  外部主權

• 42 馬克思主義聲稱影響政治結構是以下那一種？  政治人物  經濟結構  政治意識型態  政治文化

• 43 下列關於美國總統與國會關係的敘述，何者正確？  三權分立的制度設計，常是導致總統與國會衝突的根源  眾議院有權彈劾並審判總統  對於國會通過法案，總統可以行使否決權，國會不得推翻  行政部門與外國締結的條約，必須由參、眾兩院同時批准始生效

• 44 下列對德國總理職務敘述，何者正確？  總理基本上是國會多數黨領袖  總理只能自同黨議員中挑選閣員  總理可報請總統解散國會  總理與內閣關係採集體責任制向國會負責

• 45 關於德國聯邦制特色，下列何者錯誤？



在教育與文化事務上，邦通常擁有完整管轄權





各邦議會基本上採二院制

基本法未明確劃分予聯邦之權限，各邦得自行立法

•  聯邦與邦衝突時，聯邦在法律上具有優先地位

• 46 下列關於日本於二次世界大戰後制憲背景的敘述，何者正確？  由同盟國與天皇協商制定  除了制憲外亦包括土地改革等社會改造  日本國主權由天皇授予全體國民  內閣與參議院是國家政策主導機關

• 47 行為學派是近年研究比較政府與政治的重要途徑。下列何者非屬其主張內容？  人是制度建立基礎  強調通則化的研究途徑  制度架構會影響競爭結果  制度是政治行為者進行競爭的架構

• 48 下列何者非屬比較政治研究範圍中，憲政主義的主張？

•  應對抗開明專制思潮

•  主政者行使權力須受憲法規範

•  強調法治取代人治，行政部門依法可儘量擴展權限

•  公權力運作應符合正當法律程序

• 49 下列對政治制度內涵的敘述，何者錯誤？

•  是敵對政治勢力間的妥協產物

•  施行重點在於規範行政、立法與司法部門的關係

•  各國基本上包括內閣制、總統制和半總統制等 3 種類型

•  意識型態對政治勢力有決定性的影響

• 50 下列何者非屬各國辦理公民投票的考量範圍？  公投結果是否能超過半數門檻  對政黨制度的干預或影響  尋求直接民意與間接民意之合致  國會的支持與反對意見

）

代號：

11070

4

－

1

110 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及 外交行政人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際法（含國際公法與國際私法）（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（ 75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者， 不予計分。



請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、 Both A and B are contracting parties of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (VCDR). Mr. X is State A's Ambassador to State B. In July 2021, Ambassador X was speeding in his car when it crashed, killing a sixteen-yearold boy. Because of his diplomatic status, Ambassador X is immune from State B's criminal jurisdiction. State A does not intend to recall its Ambassador X and prosecute him in State A's court. Meanwhile, State B plans to send Mr. Y to be its ambassador to State A.

Please answer the following questions based upon the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations:

•  Can Ambassador X waive his immunity by himself?(5 points)

•  State B is considering to notify State A that Ambassador X is persona non grata . Please provide relevant rules regarding persona non grata to B's Ministry of Foreign Affairs for consideration.(15 points)

•  Can State A reject Mr. Y as State B's Ambassador to State A without giving reasons?(5 points)

• 二、 Please answer the following questions based upon the Charter of the United Nations.

•  Regarding the admission of new Members to the United Nations, what is the difference of voting procedure between the General Assembly and the Security Council.(10 points)

•  Which 'principles' are set out in Article 2 of the Charter of the United Nations for observance by both the United Nations and the member States?(15 points)

• 三、 Mr. A, a R.O.C. national, made a will in the year of 2000 at some attorney-atlaw office while lived at his Hong Kong temporary (non-habitual) residence. In his will, he stipulated that when he passes away, his real property located in Taiwan will be delivered as a gift to Mr. B, a Hong Kong national. No applicable law provisions in the will. Mr. A died at Hong Kong in 2008, and in 2012 his legal heirs brought civil litigation at the R.O.C. court against Mr. B arguing that the respective will Mr. A made in Hong Kong is void, due to its lack of required formalities. Please answer the following questions based upon above facts:

•  Explain the legal procedure and applicable law which the R.O.C. court uses to characterize the subject matter of the adjudicated case.(10 points)

•  Explain which law shall be applied in terms of choice of law rules(10 points), and if there is any possibility a renvoi rule could be applied in the adjudicated case.(5 points)

• 乙、測驗題部分：（ 25 分）

代號： 7110

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

•  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice stipulates the sources of international law. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

•  There is no hierarchy of sources explicitly mentioned in Article 38.

•  Judicial decisions are a means for the determination of the rules of law.

•  Custom is evidence of a general practice accepted as law.

•  Ex aequo et bono is an important example of the 'general principles of law' in Article 38.

• 2 According to the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, which of the following statements regarding the termination of the operation of treaties is correct?

•  In principle, a treaty which contains no provision regarding its termination is valid forever.

•  Abreach of a bilateral treaty by one of the parties entitles the other to invoke the breach as a ground for terminating the treaty.

•  A party may not invoke the impossibility of performing a treaty as a ground for terminating it if the impossibility results from the permanent disappearance or destruction of an object indispensable for the execution of the treaty.

•  The severance of diplomatic or consular relations between two States automatically leads to the termination of all treaties between them.

• 3 Based on the neutralization practices of Switzerland, which of the followings is correct?

•  AState may become a neutralized State via a unilateral declaration of permanent neutrality.

•  The neutralized status of a State is guaranteed by the relevant powers via treaties.

•  The neutralized status of a State is subject to approval by the United Nations General Assembly.

•  Aneutralized State shall not participate in any international organizations.

• 4 The concept of Occupation in international law is an important mode of territorial acquisition. Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

•  The concept of Occupation in international law originates from the concept of 'prescription' in domestic private laws.

•  After discovering terra nullius , effective control is still needed for a State to acquire territorial sovereignty.

•  The actual, continuous and peaceful display of State functions is one of the essential elements of Occupation.

•  Discovery gives the State an inchoate right to effectuate Occupation after the lapse of a reasonable period of time.

• 5 Which of the following grounds regarding a person afraid of being persecuted to be qualified as a refugee is NOT enumerated in the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees?

•  Nationality.

•  Membership of a particular social group.

•  War.

•  Political opinion.

• 6 According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which of the following statements is correct?

•  An island is a naturally formed area of land which is surrounded by and above water at high tide. An artificial island or man-made island therefore shall not have territorial sea of its own.

•  Where a low-tide elevation is wholly situated at a distance exceeding the breadth of the territorial sea from the mainland or an island, it has territorial sea of its own.

•  Ships of all States enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea. The coastal State may not adopt laws and regulations relating to innocent passage through the territorial sea.

•  The criminal jurisdiction of the coastal State shall be exercised on board a foreign ship passing through the territorial sea to arrest any person or to conduct any investigation in connection with any crime committed on board the ship during its passage.

• 7 Which of the following statements concerning 'nationality' is NOT correct?

•  AState may exercise personal jurisdiction over the people with its nationality.

•  All States have the same rules governing the acquisition of nationality in their domestic laws.

•  Nationals are entitled to the protection of their States and enjoy the benefits relevant to nationality prescribed under international law.

•  In principle, it is for each State to determine under its own law who are its nationals.

• 8 According to the Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, every internationally wrongful act of a State bears the international responsibility of that State. Which of the followings is usually NOT considered a way to release the international responsibility of that State?

•  Restitution.

•  Compensation.

•  Satisfaction.

•  Countermeasure.

• 9 According to Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, which of the following statements regarding self-defense is NOT correct?

•  Article 51 recognizes the States' inherent right of individual or collective self-defense.

•  The premise of self-defense is that a State is under an armed attack.

•  The right of self-defense as part of customary international law originated from the 1986 International Court of Justice Nicaragua Judgment.

•  The criteria for determining whether an 'armed attack' occurs include the 'scale and effects' of the attack.

• 10 According to Article 19 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, if the post of head of the mission is vacant, or if the head of the mission is unable to perform his functions, which of the following positions shall act provisionally as head of the mission?

•  Chargé d'affaires ad interim.

•  Chargé d'affaires.

•  Doyen of the diplomatic corps.

•  Ambassador-at-large.

頁次：

• 11 According to the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in principle, which voting method should the World Trade Organization give priority to when making decisions?

•  By simple majority vote.

•  By consensus.

•  By two-thirds majority vote.

•  By three-fourths majority vote.

• 12 Which of the following statements about International Court of Justice is NOT correct?

•  The Court shall consist of fifteen members, no two of whom may be nationals of the same State.

•  Except for the ten judges among those elected at the first election, the members of the Court shall be elected for nine years and may be re-elected.

•  Only States may be parties in cases before the Court.

•  A State which is not a member of the United Nations may not be a party to the Statute of the International Court of Justice.

• 13 Which of the following statements concerning 'international humanitarian law' is correct?

•  International humanitarian law does not regulate the use of weapons.

•  International humanitarian law does not protect the prisoners of war.

•  In an armed conflict, all parties must distinguish between civilian and military targets at any time.

•  International humanitarian law consists of only the four Geneva Conventions of 1949.

• 14 In order to mitigate global warming, by how many degrees does the Paris Agreement under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change hope to control the global average temperature rise below the pre-industrial level?

•  1.5 °C.

•  2 °C.

•  2.5 °C.

•  3 °C.

• 15 Which of the followings is NOT subject to qualification (characterization) in the process of private international law?

•  Connecting factors.

•  Categorization of legal concepts.

•  Rules on the selection of applicable law.

•  International jurisdiction.

• 16 Which of the followings is NOT among the source of law for private international law?

•  The Statute of the International Court of Justice.

•  International conventions.

•  The Act Governing the Choice of Law in Civil Matters Involving Foreign Elements.

•  The Enforcement Act of the Part of General Principles of the Civil Code.

• 17 According to the Act Governing the Choice of Law in Civil Matters Involving Foreign Elements, which law shall be applied when the national law applied contains different laws of subnational regions?

•  The law of the capital of the country.

•  The law of the country which bears closest connection with the party in dispute.

•  Lex fori.

•  The law as indicated by the rules on choice of law of that national law.

• 18 X, who is 18 years old and has domicile in country C, possesses the nationality of country A. X entered into a contract with Y, a national of country B, in the R.O.C. Assuming that the law of country A adopts the doctrine of lex domicilii on issues of personal law, which of the following laws should the R.O.C. court apply on the issue of X's behavioral capacity?

•  The law of country A.

•  The law of country B.

•  R.O.C. law.

•  The law of country C.

• 19 Regarding the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments, which of the followings is a ground for rejection according to the R.O.C. Code of Civil Procedures and the Compulsory Enforcement Act?

•  The application of law in the foreign judgment is patently mistaken.

•  Recognition of the judgment will lead to a violation of the international public order or boni mores of the R.O.C.

•  There is no enforceable property of the defendant in the R.O.C.

•  The country which rendered the judgment has no formal diplomatic relations with the R.O.C.

• 20 Japanese national X and R.O.C. national Y entered into a contract in Korea for warehousing services. The contract contains no applicable law clause. The warehouse and the warehousing services provided by Yare in Singapore. What law shall govern in case if there is a breach of the contract?

•  R.O.C. law.

•  Korean law.

•  Singaporean law.

•  Japanese law.

代號：

11060

頁次：

4

－

1

110 年公務人員特種考試外交領事人員及 外交行政人員、民航人員及原住民族考試試題

考 試 別：外交人員考試

等

別：三等考試

類科組別：外交領事人員類科英文組二

科

目：國際經濟（以英文命題及作答）

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

甲、申論題部分：（ 75 分）

•  請以英文作答，不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者， 不予計分。

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

• 一、  For a regional trade integration, there are trade creation effect and trade diversion effect under static economic analysis. Explain these two effects. (8 points)

•  Suppose the domestic supply and demand for Good X in Malaysia are QA s ＝ -10+P, and QA d ＝ 70-P, respectively.

Due to the excess domestic demand for Good X in Malaysia, Good X has been imported from the Republic of China (hereafter, Taiwan) and the Republic of Korea (hereafter, Korea) at the costs of US$20 and US$25, respectively. In addition, the Malaysia Government levies a specific duty at US$10 per unit. Now, Malaysia decided to sign a free trade agreement (FTA) with Korea, but not with Taiwan.

Draw a diagram and calculate to illustrate what the impacts are for Malaysia, of the trade creation and trade diversion as well as the total welfare effects after exempting the import tariff on Good X from Korea? (15 points)

•  After the implementation of this FTA pack, what are the directions of impacts on the welfare for Korea, Taiwan, and the whole world (including Malaysia), respectively. (7 points)

• 二、  Explain the purposes of policy imposition of tariff versus quota on imports. (6 points)

•  For a small economy, draw a diagram and analyze the equivalence of tariff and quota. Give some examples to illustrate the case that the equivalence may not occur. (14 points)

• 三、 Outline the mechanics of post-World War II Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates. Discuss its impact upon the world economy. And explain the main differences between Bretton Woods system and the international gold standard prior to World War I. (25 points)

• 乙、測驗題部分：（ 25 分）

代號：

6110

 本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。  共 20 題，每題 1.25 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 The numbers in the table below indicate hours of labor per unit of output X and output Y of countries A and B. According to the table, if they trade based on the principle of comparative advantage, which of the followings is correct?

•  Awould import X from B.

•  B would export Y to A.

•  They would not want to trade with each other.

•  More information is needed to determine the trade pattern.

• 2 Under the assumption of increasing opportunity cost, if country A increases the production of commodity with comparative advantage to conduct international trade with other countries, then at what level of specialization will the production of commodity with comparative advantage in country A tend to be?

•  Complete.

•  Partial.

•  Little.

•  Zero.

• 3 Assuming that the production technology and domestic demand of China and the U.S. are similar, the capital/labor factor endowment ratio of the United States is 0.5, and that of China is 0.02. Compared with that in China, which of the followings about the U.S. cost of capital relative to the cost of labor is correct?  It is higher than that in China.

•  It is lower than that in China.

•  There is no difference between two countries.

•  These two countries cannot be compared with each other.

• 4 The restriction on the number of imported cars in a small country can be accomplished through tariffs or import quota. Country A currently restricts the same number of imported cars either with import tariffs or with import quota. When the country's domestic automobile demand increases, how would the domestic automobile equilibrium price alter under the implementation of tariff and import quota, respectively?

•  Unchanged, Unchanged.

•  Unchanged, Increase.

•  Increase, Decrease.

•  Uncertain, Uncertain.

• 5 In to the figure below, PW stands for world price of goods and the number Q on the horizontal axis is in thousands. When the tariff is imposed, the government collects ① and the deadweight cost caused by the tariff equals ② .

Pworld + Tariff

Pworld

 ① $60,000 ② $10,000  ① $220,000 ② $30,000

 ① $50,000 ② $25,000

•  ① $10,000 ② $50,000

• 6 Which of the following measures is used as nontariff barriers?

•  Monetary policy conducted by the Central Bank.

•  Government procurement policies.

•  Exchange rate policy.

•  Fiscal policy.

• 7 According to the product life cycle model, which of the following statements regarding comparative advantage is correct?

•  Comparative advantage may move from one country where a product is invented to another as the product matures.

•  For agricultural or homogeneous industrial goods, comparative advantage is determined by the stage of the life cycle these products are in.

•  Comparative advantage always stays in the country where a product is invented no matter what stage of the life cycle it is in.

•  Comparative advantage depends upon a country's relative endowment of skilled workers and its ability to invent.

• 8 refers to the situation in which a country's joining in a regional trading organization leads to the reduction of its trade with nonmember countries in favor of member countries.

•  Trade diversion

•  Trade distortion

•  Trade exclusion

•  Trade creation

• 9 The argument that developing countries should nurture their domestic industries in their early stage by protecting them from the unfair and adverse effects of foreign competition on the domestic industry is known as .

•  the escape clause hypothesis

•  preservation of the home market

•  institutional fair trade policy

•  the infant industry argument

• 10 If the central bank of a country does not want to see its currency rise in value compared to other currencies, it may pursue ① monetary policy to ② its domestic interest rate, thereby weakening its currency.

•  ① contractionary ② lower

•  ① contractionary ② raise

•  ① expansionary ② raise

•  ① expansionary ② lower

• 11 Which of the following investment strategies will help an investor to make a profit if he or she anticipates that the value of the Euro, a currency that he or she does not own, is going to fall over the next 90 days and his or her prediction turns out to be correct?

•  Buy the Euros short.

•  Sell the U.S. Dollars short.

•  Sell the Euros short.

•  Buy the Euros long.

• 12 Which of the following statements about the formation of the J-curve is correct?

•  In the short run, supply will exceed demand; however, in the long run, they will be equal.

•  An overshooting effect occurs as people adjust to the new information.

•  Investors tend to be overly cautious in currency instruments.

•  Supply and demand for goods are less elastic in the short run than in the long run.

• 13 Based on perfect capital mobility and fixed exchange rates, which of the following statements is correct?

•  Monetary policy is super powerful.

•  Fiscal policy is less effective than monetary policy.

•  Fiscal policy is useless.

•  Monetary policy is useless.

• 14 According to IS-LM-BP model, what would the area on the left of the BP curve indicate?

•  Internal disequilibrium.

•  Abalance of payments deficit.

•  Abalance of payments surplus.

•  External equilibrium.

• 15 Which of the following statements regarding the advantage of a fixed exchange rate system is correct?

•  Speculation strategies can be eliminated.

•  Systemic risk can be eliminated.

•  Exchange rate volatility can be eliminated.

•  Fixed exchange rate nations seldom have credit risk problems.

• 16 Suppose the spot rates quoted for the US Dollar, the Japanese Yen and the New Taiwanese Dollar are NT/$=30.5-30.6, Yen/$= 105-106, respectively. What is the corresponding cross rate for Yen/NT?

•  105 106 30.6 30.5 

•  105 106 30.5 30.6 

•  106 105 30.6 30.5 

•  106 105 30.5 30.6 

• 17 When developing countries have a deficit in their national balance of payments due to improper economic policy, which international agency can they seek for assistance to obtain long-term equilibrium in its balance of payments?

•  World Bank.

•  IMF.

•  EBRD.

•  ADB.

• 18 The Euro has become an important foreign currency deposit in the United States, mainly because US banks issue Euro deposit accounts with narrower margins relative to domestic currency deposits for Euro trading. What nature of Euro deposits is it in the United States for US banks to do so?

•  Important exchange currency.

•  Good investment target.

•  Free of regulation.

•  Social status symbol.

• 19 The World Bank (WB), established in 1944, is an international financial institution in the United Nations system. In addition to providing loans to developing countries to promote economic development, which of the followings is also one of its main tasks?

•  Modern constructions.

•  Market opening.

•  Poverty reduction.

•  Pollution reduction.

• 20 Which of the following statements regarding monetary policy under a fixed exchange rate system is correct?

•  An anchor country loses control over its monetary policy.

•  A country that ties its currency to that of another country acquires greater control over its monetary policy.

•  A country that ties its currency to that of another country gains control over that country's monetary policy.

•  Acountry that ties its currency to that of another country loses control over its own monetary policy.