107 年公務人員特種考試關務人員、身心障礙人員考試及 107 年國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試試題

考 試 別：國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等

別：少將轉任考試

類

科：一般行政

科

目：中華民國憲法與英文

考試時間：

2 小時

座號：

※注意：禁止使用電子計算器。

代號：

80110

80210

頁次：

4 － 1

甲、申論題部分：（

50 分）

•  不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在申論試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

 請以藍、黑色鋼筆或原子筆在申論試卷上作答。

 本科目除專門名詞或數理公式外，應使用本國文字作答。

• 一、何謂「象徵性言論」？在憲法上的評價為何？如果動物保護團體人士「裸體」在公 共場所，以表達皮草業者大量殺害貂而取其毛皮，是否會成立足以構成「象徵性言 論」？（ 25 分）

• 二、依據司法院大法官案件審理法之規定及司法院大法官的解釋，聲請釋憲的管道有那 些？（ 25 分）

• 乙、測驗題部分：（

50

分） 代號：

1801

•  本測驗試題為單一選擇題，請選出一個正確或最適當的答案，複選作答者，該題不予計分。

 共 25 題，每題 2 分，須用 2B 鉛筆在試卡上依題號清楚劃記，於本試題或申論試卷上作答者，不予計分。

• 1 I discover how it feels to walk on spongy fall leaves and to watch early snow on a strong wind.

•  burrowing at

•  drifting up

•  dripping to

•  flying to

• 2 After a quick of the menu, Mike has decided what he should order for lunch.

•  forage

•  bolster

•  perusal

•  hassle

• 3 This company's main exports are , including silk, cotton and linen.

•  beverages

•  vitamins

•  textiles

•  utensils

• 4 America's colleges were deluged with applications. At the most schools, there can be tens of thousands of applicants for every spot.

•  conclusive

•  definitive

•  inclusive

•  selective

• 5 Despite Victor's big loss in his investment on the stock market, his brother has stood by him and shouldered the financial responsibility of the family all by himself.

•  distinctly

•  faithfully

•  mutually

•  profitably

• 6 Primary education is here in Taiwan. All children have to go to elementary schools; otherwise, their parents will be fined.

•  peculiar

•  compulsory

•  impressive

•  variable

• 7 After stopping talking to each other for a whole week, John and Judy finally decided to and be friends with each other again.

•  approximate

•  contradict

•  exploit

•  reconcile

• 8 Terri is a perfectionist. Sometimes it can be hard to work with him because he'd like to have all the tasks done .

•  authentically

•  capriciously

•  impeccably

•  subserviently

• 9 At the flea market, we can find valuable such as handmade jewelry and household decorations.

•  handicrafts

•  landmarks

•  ceremonies

•  formations

• 10 When you do not have enough sleep and a balanced diet, you may become to all kinds of diseases.

•  aggressive

•  critical

•  identical

•  vulnerable

• 11 Many animals lost their natural when many trees in the forests were cut down.

•  habitats

•  stadiums

請依下文回答第 12 題至第 16 題

Childbirth for a woman in the Roman world was closely scrutinized. From the moment of conception to the feeding and 12 stages, a barrage of advice was offered to expectant mothers, some of it based on the theories of respected medical practitioners, some of it 13 in superstitious quackery. Prior to Baby Tiberius's arrival, Livia herself was said to have employed various old wives' techniques to try to 14 the birth of a son, including incubating a hen's egg by cupping it in her hands and keeping it warm in the folds of her dress, where it would 15 hatch into a proud-combed cock chick in supposed premonition of a baby boy. The more pragmatic, 16 equally unscientific advice of medical experts like Soranus recommended that the best time for conception was toward the end of menstruation and after a light meal and a massage.

請依下文回答第 17 題至第 20 題

Visitors to art museums are often overwhelmed by the number of works on display, and by what they take to be their own culpable inability to concentrate on more than a few of these works. In fact such a reaction is altogether reasonable. Art history has totally failed to come to terms with the problems of the relationship between the outstanding work and the average work of the European tradition. The notion of Genius is not in itself an adequate answer. Consequently the confusion remains on the walls of the galleries. Third-rate works surround an outstanding work without any recognition-let alone explanation-of what fundamentally differentiate them.

The art of any culture will show a wide differential of talent. But in no other culture is the difference between 'masterpiece' and average work so large as in the tradition of the oil painting. In this tradition the difference is not just a question of skill or imagination, but also of morale. The average work was a work produced more or less cynically: that is to say the values it was nominally expressing were less meaningful to the painter than the finishing of the commission or the selling of his product. Hack work is not the result of either clumsiness or provincialism; it is the result of the market making more insistence demands than the art. The period of the oil painting corresponds with the rise of the open art market. And it is in this contradiction between art and market that the explanations must be sought for what amounts to the contrast, the antagonism existing between the exceptional work and the average.

•  landscapes

•  sensitivities

• 17 What is the main idea of this passage?

 The European tradition of oil paintings displayed in museums.

 The problem in distinguishing outstanding and average works of art.

 The irresponsibility of gallery and museum employees.

 The inability of museum visitors to appreciate arts.

• 18 According to the author, which is NOT a reason for the proliferation of average work in the tradition of oil painting?

 the demand of art market

 the commission of patrons

 the desire of the painter to sell his product

 the clumsiness of the painter

• 19 According to the author, which of the following is NOT a method to differentiate masterpieces from average works in the tradition of oil painting?









by analyzing the contradiction between art and market by examining the hidden notion of a genius by checking the imagination of the painter by studying the skill of the painter

• 20 According to the passage, what is the reason for the existence of hack work?

 provincialism

 morale of the artists

 the quality of art

 market demands

請依下文回答第 21 題至第 25 題

The skin is an organ, just like the brain, the heart and the stomach, and since it's an external organ, it's the most visible one. The skin has important functions. First of all, skin helps protect us from extreme temperatures, damaging sunlight, and harmful chemicals. It also contains elements that help the body fight off infection. In addition, the skin manufactures vitamin D which helps the body use sunlight to build healthy bones. The rich supply of nerves just under the surface of the skin provides another important function---the ability to sense changes in temperature and feel when something touches the body. This sense of touch helps the brain know what is happening in the outside world. At the same time, skin allows parts of the body to move freely.

The skin is made up of three layers. The outer layer, called the 'epidermis', contains a tough material called 'keratin' which is also found in the hair and nails. This strong covering is crucial in protecting the body. The epidermis is constantly growing as the mature outer part is rubbed off and new skin grows to replace it . As new skin takes five weeks to reach the surface, the outermost layer is actually all dead skin. This protective coating varies in thickness on different parts of the body. For example, it is ten times thicker on the soles of the feet compared to the skin around the eyes since it needs to protect us from constant impact with the ground while walking.

The layer of skin below the epidermis is called the 'dermis'. The way it is constructed gives the skin its strength and also allows it to stretch when necessary. In addition, the rich blood flow through this layer helps the body regulate its temperature by increasing blood flow to the skin to allow heat to escape when it's hot outside, or by decreasing blood flow to raise the body's temperature when it's cold.

Under the dermis is another layer called the 'subcutis'. It includes a sheet of fat which serves as a reserve supply of energy in case the body experiences a food shortage. The fat also protects the body from sudden changes in heat and cold, and defends the body against injury from knocks and falls. The skin is a truly amazing organ, one which both connects us with and protects us from the outside world.

• 21 What is the purpose of the article?

•  To describe how the epidermis functions.

•  To explain the importance of keeping the skin healthy.

•  To describe the functions of the various layers of the skin.

•  To show how people use the skin to express themselves to the world.

• 22 According to the article, what is NOT the physical function of the skin?

•  To make people look attractive.

•  To sense changes in the environment.

•  To produce vitamin D for healthy bones.

•  To allow parts of the body to move freely.

• 23 In Paragraph Two, what does the underlined word ' soles ' mean?

•  Bottom.

•  Sides.

•  Inside.

•  Top.

• 24 In Paragraph Two, what does the underlined word 'it' refer to?

•  The epidermis.

•  The mature outer part.

•  The new skin.

•  The surface of the body.

• 25 According to the article, which of the following statements is NOT true?

•  When there is more blood flow to the skin, the body temperature will not change.

•  The protective coating of the epidermis can be different depending on the parts of the body.

•  The fat in the inner most layer of skin defends the body against injury from knocks and falls.

•  The skin is an external organ which connects us and protects us from the outside world.

107 年公務人員特種考試關務人員、 身心障礙人員考試及 107 年國軍上校 以 上 軍 官 轉 任 公 務 人 員 考 試 試 題

考 試 別 ：

國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等 別 ：

少將轉任考試

類 科 ：

一般行政

科 目 ：

行政學研究

考試時間 ：

2 小時

※注意：

禁止使用電子計算器。

• 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 本科目除專門名詞或數理公式外，應使用本國文字作答。

• 一、專業分工（ specialization 或 division of labor ）是行政組織設計重要的概念，但有具體 分工和能否發揮功能，有許多討論空間。以國防部區分為軍政、軍令、軍備三大系 統為例，目前僅軍政系統設有政風單位，軍令與軍備系統並未設政風單位，請就行 政組織相關理論或觀點，析論軍令與軍備系統成立政風單位，是否能發揮應有的防 貪功能？（ 40 分）

• 二、行政學至少包括公共政策、財務預算、公共管理、人事行政、組織行為等不同領域。 而國軍行政體系運作可能出現如紀律不彰、貪瀆弊案、飛彈誤射等問題。請就行政 學或公共行政領域，析論前述重大問題之個案，探討可能的原因，以及如何避免類 似問題的發生。 （ 30 分）

• 三、組織績效的涵義很廣，至少包括效率與效能兩大項，操作性定義則更為多元。特別 在具體衡量上，經常存在困境，例如目前國軍沒有戰事，難以衡量國軍的作戰能力。 因此，如何衡量國軍的組織績效，就非常重要，因為組織績效衡量影響未來國軍戰 力至鉅。請就國軍組織績效要衡量什麼，以及如何衡量進行論述。可以就您曾經服 務過或熟悉的單位或機關進行相關分析。 （ 30 分）

（請接背面）

代號：

80120

80220

全一頁

座號：

107 年公務人員特種考試關務人員、 身心障礙人員考試及 107 年國軍上校 以 上 軍 官 轉 任 公 務 人 員 考 試 試 題

考 試 別 ：

國軍上校以上軍官轉任公務人員考試

等 別 ：

少將轉任考試

類 科 ：

一般行政

科 目 ：

問題分析與解決

考試時間 ：

2 小時

※注意：

禁止使用電子計算器。

• 不必抄題，作答時請將試題題號及答案依照順序寫在試卷上，於本試題上作答者，不予計分。

• 本科目除專門名詞或數理公式外，應使用本國文字作答。

• 一、臺北市政府為了處理局處之間的跨域協調問題，舉辦了一個為期兩天的訓練課程， 召集臺北市政府各業務單位的研考人員參與訓練，授課老師帶領大家用腦力激盪的 方式，羅列出 16 項局處之間跨域協調問題產生的原因，請您應用「向右魚骨圖（原 因分析） 」 ，將這些原因進行統整。 （ 50 分）

《腦力激盪結果紀錄》 ： （ 1 ）長官不在意、 （ 2 ）專業不同難溝通、 （ 3 ）需要動到預算， 會主單位不配合、 （ 4 ）承辦人員溝通能力不佳、 （ 5 ）局處之間沒有聯絡窗口、 （ 6 ） 過去有不好的合作經驗、 （ 7 ）局處業務旺季，無暇他顧、 （ 8 ）單位層級太多，找不 到對口單位、 （ 9 ）公務人員保障太好，變得消極、 （ 10 ）政策責任分擔沒有談妥、 （ 11 ） 公共政策目標沒有共識、 （ 12 ）經費與人力的負擔不公平、 （ 13 ）需要協調的單位太 多，耗時耗力效果不好、 （ 14 ）兩個機關長官不合、 （ 15 ）上一級機關沒有積極出面 協調，以及（ 16 ）彼此信任度不夠。

• 二、政府為解決公共問題所提出來的解決方案，往往需要對這些解決方案進行預評估， 這預評估的作為中， 「利害關係人分析」 （ stakeholder analysis ）是最重要的內容，請 試著：

• 解決方案，進行利害關係人 分析。 （ 25 分）

• 「這方案可以解決問題嗎？」 （ 25 分）

（請接背面）

代號：

80130

80230

全一頁

座號：