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私醫聯招 英文歷屆試題|第 272 題

106 學年度

The human brain is a remarkably complex organic computer, taking in  (21)  sensory experiences, processing and storing this information, and recalling and integrating selected bits at the right moments. The destruction  (22)  by Alzheimer's disease has been likened to the erasure of a hard drive, beginning with the most recent files and working backward. As the illness progresses, old  (23)  new memories gradually disappear until even loved ones are no longer recognized. Unfortunately, the computer analogy  (24) ; one cannot simply reboot the human brain and reload the files and programs. The problem is that Alzheimer's disease does not only erase information; it destroys the very hardware of the brain, which  (25)  more than 100 billion nerve cells (neurons), with 100 trillion connections among them.

選出最適當的選項填入空格 (22)
  1. was caused
  2. causing
  3. that caused
  4. caused
提示
空格修飾「destruction」,形成分詞片語(此處為過去分詞表被動)。
正確答案

正解:D

詳解
A. 若填入會造成句子多出一個限定動詞,使主要動詞(has been likened)之前出現雙動詞結構卻無連接詞,語法錯誤。
B. 現在分詞表主動,但「destruction」是被阿茲海默症「造成的」,應為被動關係,語態不符。
C. 若視為關係代名詞子句,會使句子結構冗贅且與destruction的被動關係銜接不若過去分詞簡潔正確。
D. 正確,過去分詞片語修飾destruction,表示「由阿茲海默症所造成的破壞」,為被動關係,句構簡潔正確。

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